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Nagios 装配、配置和使用 操作

分类: IT文章 • 2024-04-06 11:43:11
Nagios 安装、配置和使用 操作

1. 概述

本手册主要描述Nagioscores，Nagiosplugin，NRPE，NDOUtils的安装、配置以及Horizon如何使用Nagios实现监控Openstack控制和计算节点硬件资源[1]和服务[2]。

备注：

[1]:CPU，Mem，Disk，Network

[2]:keystone, glance-api, glance-register, nova-api, nova-computer,nova-network, nova-scheduler, nova-volume, nova-objectstores, mysql,dnsmasq, rabbitmq, etc

2. References

Nagios官方docs:http://www.nagios.org/documentation

参考手册：http://library.nagios.com/library/products/nagioscore/manuals

PluginResources：http://exchange.nagios.org/

TarResources:http://sourceforge.net/projects/nagios/files/?source=navbar

3. 环境准备

操作系统：Ubuntu 12.04 LTS 64x server

Nagioscore Version：nagios-3.4.4

NRPEVersion：nrpe-2.14

NDOUtilsVersion：ndoutils-1.5.2

Dependslist:

  • apache2

  • libapache2-mod-php5

  • build-essential

  • libgd2-xpm-dev

  • make

  • gcc

  • xinetd

4. 环境安装和配置

4.1环境拓扑图

                                                                               +-------------------------+

                                                                                 | Horizon node       |                        +---------------+

                                                                                 | Nagios core          |      ======>    |     msyql    |

                                                                                 | Nagios plugin       |                         +---------------+

                                                                                 | NDOUtils              |

                                                                                 +------------------------ +

                 +-----------------------+                                      ||               ||                               +---------------------+

                  |   controller node |            <=====            ||               ||      ====>               | computenode  |

                  |Nagios NRPE     |                                                                                         | Nagios NRPE |

                  |Nagios Plugin     |                                                                                         | Nagios Plugin |

                  +-----------------------+                                                                                       +---------------------+

4.2 Horizon node

4.2.1 Nagios Core

默认安装在目录：/usr/local/nagios

1. 安装依赖包

$apt-get install make gcc apache2 libapache2-mod-php5 build-essentiallibgd2-xpm-dev

2.创建用户和组

$/usr/sbin/useradd -m -s /bin/bash nagios

$passwd nagios

$/usr/sbin/groupadd nagios

$/usr/sbin/usermod -G nagios nagios

$/usr/sbin/groupadd nagcmd

$/usr/sbin/groupadd nagcmd

$/usr/sbin/usermod -a -G nagcmd www-data

3.下载安装源码：

$ sunagios

$mkdir ~/download

$ cd~/download

$wgethttp://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/nagios/nagios-3.x/nagios-3.4.4/nagios-3.4.4.tar.gz

PS:已下载文件：./资料/src/nagios-3.4.4.tar.gz

4. 编译安装

$ tar–zxvf nagios-3.4.4.tar.gz

$ cdnagios-3.4.4

$./configure --with-command-group=nagcmd

$make all

$make install && make install-init && makeinstall-config && make install-commandmode

5.配置Nagioscore

配置文件目录：/usr/local/nagios/etc

4.2.2 Nagios Plugin

1.下载安装源码

$ cd~/download

$wgethttp://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/nagiosplug/nagiosplug/1.4.16/nagios-plugins-1.4.16.tar.gz

PS:已下载文件：./资料/src/nagios-plugins-1.4.16.tar.gz

2. 编译安装

$ tar-xzvf nagios-plugin-1.4.16.tar.gz

$ cdnagios-plugin-1.4.16

$./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios

$make && make install

3.检查安装和配置

$ ls/usr/local/nagios/libexec/显示check_*为所有已安装的插件。

4.2.3 NDOUtils

1.下载安装源码

$ cd~/download

$wgethttp://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/nagios/ndoutils-1.x/ndoutils-1.5.2/ndoutils-1.5.2.tar.gz

PS:已下载文件：./资料/src/ndoutils-1.5.2.tar.gz

2. 编译安装

$ tar-xzvf ndoutils-1.5.2.tar.gz

$ cdndoutils-1.5.2

$./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios/ --enable-mysql

$make

$ cpndomod-3x.o ndo2db-3x log2ndo file2sock /usr/local/nagios/bin

3. dbinit

$mysql -uroot -p123qwe <<EOF

createdatabase nagios

usenagios

grantall privileges on nagios.* to ‘nagios’@’%’ identified by‘nagios’

flushprivileges;

source~/download/ndoutils-1.5.2/db/mysql.sql;

quit

EOF

4. 配置

(1) $cat ~/download/ndoutils-1.5.2/config/nagios.cfg >>/usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

(2)在/usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg中修改最后新增broker_module为nagios-3x.o

(3) $ cd~/download/ndoutils-1.5.2/config/

(4) $ mvndomod.cfg-sample ndomod.cfg && mv ndo2db.cfg-samplendo2db.cfg

(5) $cpndomod.cfg ndo2db.cfg /usr/local/nagios/etc/

(6)修改ndo2db.cfg中的参数db_host、db_user、db_pass。

(7)启动NDO2DB进程：

$/usr/local/nagios/bin/ndo2db-3x -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/ndo2db.cfg

(8)重启启动Nagios进程：

$ sudokill <nagios ps>

$/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -d /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

(9)检查配置是否正确：

a/usr/local/nagios/var/nagios.log中能够找到

[1361448234]ndomod: NDOMOD 1.5.2 (06-08-2012) Copyright (c) 2009 Nagios CoreDevelopment Team and Community Contributors

[1361448234]ndomod: Successfully connected to data sink. 0 queued items toflush.

[1361448234]Event broker module '/usr/local/nagios/bin/ndomod-3x.o' initializedsuccessfully.

b $ps-ef | grep nagios

------------------------------------------------

nagios 22862 1 0 11:53 ? 00:00:00/usr/local/nagios/bin/ndo2db-3x -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/ndo2db.cfg

nagios 23449 22862 0 12:03 ? 00:00:00/usr/local/nagios/bin/ndo2db-3x -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/ndo2db.cfg

nagios 23450 23449 0 12:03 ? 00:00:00/usr/local/nagios/bin/ndo2db-3x -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/ndo2db.cfg

nagios 23453 1 0 12:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios-d /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

4.3 Controller node

4.3.1 Nagios Plugin

同4.2.2

4.3.2 NRPE

1. 安装依赖包

$apt-get install make gcc xinetd

2.创建用户和组

同4.2.1：2

3.下载安装源码：

$ sunagios

$mkdir ~/download

$ cd~/download

$wgethttp://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/nagios/nrpe-2.x/nrpe-2.14/nrpe-2.14.tar.gz

PS:已下载文件：./资料/src/nrpe-2.14.tar.gz

4. 编译安装

$ tar-zxvf nrpe-2.14.tar.gz

$ cdnrpe-2.14

$./configure

$make all

$make install-plugin && make install-daemon && makeinstall-daemon-config && make install-xinetd

5. 配置

(1)在/etc/xinetd.d/nrpe的only_from变量中增加<Horizonip | Nagios core ip>

(2)在/etc/services中增加

nrpe 5666/tcp # NRPE

(3) $service xinetd restart

(4)开启防火墙：

$sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 5666 -j ACCEPT

$iptables-save

$ vim/etc/network/interface的网卡配置中增加pre-upiptables-restore < /etc/iptables.up.rules

(4)在本地检查配置是否正确：

$netstat -at | grep nrpe

>tcp 0 0 *:nrpe *:* LISTEN

$/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H localhost

>NRPE v2.14

(5)在Horizon| Nagios core node上检查配置是否正确：

$/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H 10.0.1.14 -c check_users

>USERS OK - 1 users currently logged in |users=1;5;10;0

4.4 Computer node

同Controllernode

5. 使用Nagios实现Openstack监控

服务启动方法：

NDOUtils:/usr/local/nagios/bin/ndo2db-3x -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/ndo2db.cfg

Nagioscore: /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -d/usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

NRPE:service xinetd start

主要监控以下资源：

  1. 控制和计算节点硬件资源：

CPU，Mem，Disk，Network

2. 控制和计算服务

keystone,glance-api, glance-register, nova-api, nova-computer, nova-network,nova-scheduler, nova-volume, nova-objectstores, mysql, dnsmasq,rabbitmq, etc.

5.1控制和计算节点硬件资源

5.1.1 CPU

插件名称：check_cpu.sh

http://exchange.nagios.org/directory/Plugins/System-Metrics/CPU-Usage-and-Load/check_cpu-2Esh-%28matejunkie%29/details

插件描述：基于/proc/stat周期性获取CPU的监控数据，并返回W|C

插件参数：

check_cpu.sh[-i/--interval] [-w/--warning] [-c/--critical]

Options:

--interval|-i)

Definesthe pause between the two times /proc/stat is being

parsed.Higher values could lead to more accurate result.

Defaultis: 1 second

--warning|-w)

Setsa warning level for CPU user. Default is: off

--critical|-c)

Setsa critical level for CPU user. Default is: off

Example：

【本地环境】

$/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_cpu.sh -i 3 -w 60 -c 80

> OK- user: 0.83, nice: 0.50, sys: 0.83, iowait: 0.50, irq: 0.50,softirq: 0.50 idle: 99.83, cpu_usage=3 | 'user'=0.83 'nice'=0.50'sys'=0.83 'softirq'=0.50 'iowait'=0.50 'irq'=0.50 'idle'=99.83

其中cpu_usage是当前CPU的使用量。

PS：由于此plugin是shell脚本，具体逻辑可以定制化。

【远程环境】

  1. 在/usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg中增加
    command[check_cpu]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_cpu.sh-i 3 -w 60 -c 80

  2. $/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H 10.0.1.14 -c check_cpu

> 同上

5.1.2 Mem

插件名称：check_mem.sh

http://exchange.nagios.org/directory/Plugins/System-Metrics/Memory/check_mem-2Esh/details

插件描述：基于free查询mem的使用情况

插件参数：

check_mem.sh-w <warnlevel> -c <critlevel>

其中warn或者crit与(memuserd/memtotal)比较

Example：

【本地环境】

$/usr/local/nagios/check_mem.sh -w 4 -c 10

>Memory: WARNING Total: 2003 MB - Used: 166 MB - 8%used!|TOTAL=2101026816;;;; USED=173740032;;;; CACHE=856936448;;;;BUFFER=58998784;;;;

PS：由于此plugin是shell脚本，具体逻辑可以定制化。

【远程环境】

  1. 在/usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg中增加
    command[check_mem]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_mem.sh-w 80 -c 90

  2. $/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H 10.0.1.14 -c check_mem

> 同上

5.1.3 Network

插件名称：check_net.pl

http://exchange.nagios.org/directory/Plugins/System-Metrics/Networking/stat_net-2Epl/details

插件描述：具体不详

插件参数：具体不详无-h | --help

Example：

【本地环境】

$/usr/local/nagios/check_net.pl

> NETOK - (Rx/Tx) eth0=(65.1B/7.1B), lo=(5.6B/5.6B)|eth0_in=68215167c;eth0_out=7394459c; lo_in=5905765c; lo_out=5905765c;

【远程环境】

  1. 在/usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg中增加
    command[check_net]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_net.pl

  2. $/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H 10.0.1.14 -c check_net

> 同上

5.1.4 Disk & LVM

插件名称：check_diskstat.sh

http://exchange.nagios.org/directory/Plugins/Operating-Systems/Linux/Check-IO-stats-of-one-or-all-disks/details

插件描述：具体不详

插件参数：

Usage:

./check_diskstat.sh-d DEVICE -w tps,read,write -c tps,read,write | -h



-dDEVICE DEVICE must be without /dev (ex: -d sda)

-w/cTPS,READ,WRITE TPS means transfer per seconds (aka IO/s)

READ andWRITE are in sectors per seconds

Example：

【本地环境】

$ sudo/usr/local/nagios/check_diskstat.sh -d vda -w 200,100000,100000 -c300,200000,200000

>summary: 0 io/s, read 8 sectors (0kB/s), write 56 sectors (4kB/s) in6 seconds | tps=0io/s;;; read=682b/s;;; write=4778b/s;;;

【远程环境】

  1. 在/usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg中增加
    command[check_diskstat]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_diskstat.sh -d vda -w 200,100000,100000 -c 300,200000,200000

  2. $/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H 10.0.1.14 -c check_ diskstat

> 同上

---------------------------------------------------

插件名称：check_disk

http://exchange.nagios.org/directory/Plugins/Operating-Systems/Linux/check_disk--2D-%25-used-space/details

插件描述：基于df命令编写，-d需要设置df打印出来的Mountedon

插件参数：

Thisplugin shows the % of used space of a mounted partition, using the'df' utility

./check_disk:

-c<integer> If the % of used space is above <integer>,returns CRITICAL state

-w<integer> If the % of used space is below CRITICAL and above<integer>, returns WARNING state

-d<device> The partition or mountpoint to be checked. eg./dev/sda1, /home, /

Example：

【本地环境】

$ df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/vda1 9.9G 1.7G 7.8G 18% /

udev 998M 12K 998M 1% /dev

tmpfs 401M 224K 401M 1% /run

none 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock

none 1002M 0 1002M 0% /run/shm

/dev/vdb 20G 173M 19G 1% /mnt

$/usr/local/nagios/check_disk -d /mnt -c 80 -w 10

> OK- /mnt space used=1% | '/mnt usage'=1%;10;80;

【远程环境】

  1. 在/usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg中增加
    command[check_disk]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk-d /mnt -c 80 -w 10

  2. $/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H 10.0.1.14 -c check_ disk

> 同上

---------------------------------------------------

插件名称：check_lvm

http://exchange.nagios.org/directory/Plugins/Operating-Systems/Linux/check_lvm/details

插件描述：仅运行在存在vg的情况下

插件参数：

NOTE -This script only works on _mounted_ volumes!

Usage:./check_lvm -w -c

Description:

Thisplugin finds all LVM logical volumes, checks their used space, andcompares against the supplied thresholds.

Example：

5.2 控制和计算服务

插件名称：check_proc

插件描述：基于ps,可用于查看相关服务的进程是否存在。

插件参数：

check_procs-w <range> -c <range> [-m metric] [-s state] [-p ppid]

[-uuser] [-r rss] [-z vsz] [-P %cpu] [-a argument-array]

[-Ccommand] [-t timeout] [-v]

Options:

-h,--help

Printdetailed help screen

-V,--version

Printversion information

-w,--warning=RANGE

Generatewarning state if metric is outside this range

-c,--critical=RANGE

Generatecritical state if metric is outside this range

-m,--metric=TYPE

Checkthresholds against metric. Valid types:

PROCS - number of processes (default)

VSZ - virtual memory size

RSS - resident set memory size

CPU - percentage CPU

ELAPSED- time elapsed in seconds

-t,--timeout=INTEGER

Secondsbefore connection times out (default: 10)

-v,--verbose

Extrainformation. Up to 3 verbosity levels

Filters:

-s,--state=STATUSFLAGS

Onlyscan for processes that have, in the output of `ps`, one or

moreof the status flags you specify (for example R, Z, S, RS,

RSZDT,plus others based on the output of your 'ps' command).

-p,--ppid=PPID

Onlyscan for children of the parent process ID indicated.

-z,--vsz=VSZ

Onlyscan for processes with VSZ higher than indicated.

-r,--rss=RSS

Onlyscan for processes with RSS higher than indicated.

-P,--pcpu=PCPU

Onlyscan for processes with PCPU higher than indicated.

-u,--user=USER

Onlyscan for processes with user name or ID indicated.

-a,--argument-array=STRING

Onlyscan for processes with args that contain STRING.

--ereg-argument-array=STRING

Onlyscan for processes with args that contain the regex STRING.

-C,--command=COMMAND

Onlyscan for exact matches of COMMAND (without path).

Example：

$/usr/local/nagios/check_procs -w 3 -c 5 -a nagios

>PROCS OK: 2 processes with args 'nagios'

5.3 其它可选监控插件

[LOG]

http://exchange.nagios.org/directory/Plugins/Operating-Systems/Linux/check_log-2Esh/details

http://exchange.nagios.org/directory/Plugins/Log-Files

[DNS]

http://exchange.nagios.org/directory/Plugins/Operating-Systems/Linux/check_dig/details

[DHCP]

http://exchange.nagios.org/directory/Plugins/Network-Protocols/DHCP-and-BOOTP

[AMQP]

http://exchange.nagios.org/directory/Plugins/Software/check_rabbitmq/details

[MYSQL]

http://exchange.nagios.org/directory/Plugins/Databases/MySQL

[ROUTE]

http://exchange.nagios.org/directory/Plugins/Network-Protocols/%2A-Routing

  1. 备注

Nagios本身具有web界面，web界面通过与Nagioscore的进程交互获取信息，而Nagioscore通过plugin获取信息，并将数据保存在mysql数据库中。

由于在目前环境下仅需基于Nagios的plugin获取节点的监控信息，所以并未在Nagioscore，NDOUtils，Nagiosweb interface进行深入描述。具体详细信息科参考Refernces。

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