MSYS2 1: 安装和环境配置记录

博客转自:https://www.cnblogs.com/wswind/p/10650126.html

下载安装

MSYS2:https://www.msys2.org/

修改镜像地址

首次安装后,配置软件源

sed -i "1iServer = http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/msys2/mingw/i686" /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist.mingw32
sed -i "1iServer = http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/msys2/mingw/x86_64" /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist.mingw64
sed -i "1iServer = http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/msys2/msys/$arch" /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist.msys

更新

pacman -Syu #首次更新要求重启,重启后需重新配置软件源
pacman -Su

配置右键菜单

使用WScript是为了解决启动时窗体闪烁的问题。

创建文件msys2_here.vbs,我放在了 "D:PkgsToolsmsys64_configuration"

set ws=WScript.CreateObject("WScript.shell")
ws.Run "D:PkgsToolsmsys64_configurationmsys2_shell.cmd -mingw32 -here", 0

创建msys2 here.reg ,用于在注册表中创建菜单。将"D:PkgsToolsmsys64_configuration"改为自己的路径,双击注册表文件导入即可

Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00

[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOTDirectoryBackgroundshellmsys2_shell]
@="MSYS2 Here"
"Icon"="D:Devsmsys64msys2.ico"

[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOTDirectoryBackgroundshellmsys2_shellcommand]
@="WScript "D:\Pkgs\Tools\msys64_configuration\msys2_here.vbs""

参考:
https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/33789023

配置桌面快捷方式

和上一节类似,主要为了解决窗口闪烁问题
新建文件D:PkgsToolsmsys64_configurationmsys2.vbs

set ws=WScript.CreateObject("WScript.shell")
ws.Run "D:Devsmsys64msys2_shell.cmd -mingw32", 0

通过右键菜单-新建快捷方式,输入

C:WindowsSystem32wscript.exe "D:PkgsToolsmsys64_configurationmsys2.vbs"

修改快捷方式图标为

%SystemDrive%msys64msys2.ico


三种方法选择一个就可以:

  1. msys2_shell.cmd 中取消一行的注释:set MSYS2_PATH_TYPE=inherit
  2. 调用msys2_shell.cmd时使用-use-full-path参数
  3. 在windows系统的环境变量中添加 MSYS2_PATH_TYPE=inherit

参考:
https://segmentfault.com/q/1010000016064839/a-1020000016068252
https://sourceforge.net/p/msys2/discussion/general/thread/dbe17030/

配置home路径为windows用户目录

/etc/nsswitch.conf

db_home: windows

默认是在/home/%U

参考:
https://superuser.com/questions/809974/msys2-home-folder-show
https://github.com/valtron/llvm-stuff/wiki/Set-up-Windows-dev-environment-with-MSYS2
https://cygwin.com/cygwin-ug-net/ntsec.html#ntsec-mapping-nsswitch

配置clion所需的编译环境

pacman -S mingw-w64-x86_64-toolchain

# 输出结果为:

:: 在组 mingw-w64-x86_64-toolchain 中有 17 成员:
:: 软件仓库 mingw64
1) mingw-w64-x86_64-binutils 2) mingw-w64-x86_64-crt-git
3) mingw-w64-x86_64-gcc 4) mingw-w64-x86_64-gcc-ada
5) mingw-w64-x86_64-gcc-fortran 6) mingw-w64-x86_64-gcc-libgfortran
7) mingw-w64-x86_64-gcc-libs 8) mingw-w64-x86_64-gcc-objc
9) mingw-w64-x86_64-gdb 10) mingw-w64-x86_64-headers-git
11) mingw-w64-x86_64-libmangle-git 12) mingw-w64-x86_64-libwinpthread-git
13) mingw-w64-x86_64-make 14) mingw-w64-x86_64-pkg-config
15) mingw-w64-x86_64-tools-git 16) mingw-w64-x86_64-winpthreads-git
17) mingw-w64-x86_64-winstorecompat-git

以上都是mingw64的工具链配置,如果使用ming32,替换上面的x86_64为i686.

选择安装gcc ,gdb ,make的安装序号即可
参考:
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_41624493/article/details/80639775
https://blog.csdn.net/imzhujun/article/details/80707635

显示git branch

不建议使用msys2代替git for windows,实在需要可考虑安装git for windows sdk代替msys2
在.bashrc或.bash_profile中添加以下内容

function parse_git_branch () {
  git branch 2> /dev/null | sed -e '/^[^*]/d' -e 's/* (.*)/ (1)/'
}
  
RED="[ 33[0;31m]"
YELLOW="[ 33[0;33m]"
GREEN="[ 33[0;32m]"
NO_COLOR="[ 33[0m]"
  
PS1="$GREENu@h$NO_COLOR:w$YELLOW$(parse_git_branch)$NO_COLOR$ "

git for windows ps1:

[033]0;$TITLEPREFIX:$PWD007]
[033[32m]u@h [033[35m]$MSYSTEM [033[33m]w[033[36m]`__git_ps1`[033[0m]
$

参考:
https://gist.github.com/githubteacher/e75edf29d76571f8cc6c