如何现有的VPN应用程序的Android 2.0中创建新的配置文件 - 2.3？
在一番搜索的计算器，它似乎在创建VPN配置文件$ P $的唯一办法生根的设备对4.0
After much searching on StackOverflow, it seems rooting a device in the only way to create a VPN profile pre-4.0
我的问题是如何在以下应用程序做没有根？
My question is how do the following apps do it without root?
https：//开头play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.ex$p$pssvpn.vpn&hl=en
更新1
好像私有API的路要走pre-4.0。不幸的是，没有多少资源在那里开始。有谁知道，如果私有API仍需要一个根深蒂固的设备？
Seems private API is the way to go pre-4.0. Unfortunately, not many resources out there to get started. Does anyone know if private api still requires a rooted device?
更新2
看来你可以使用修改后的android.jar做到这一点，或通过使用反射。 L2TP / IPSEC仍需要root权限的设备。 PPTP似乎并不确实。
It seems you can do this using modified Android.jar or by using reflection. L2TP/IPSEC still requires rooted device. PPTP does not seem to.
更新3
请注意，这是从各种来源。看来根必需的，因为VpnService开始浣熊，然后作为一个系统用户运行，并检索从密钥库中PSK。由其他应用程序创建的，因此密钥库条目是不可见的浣熊。 （在Linux环境中，浣熊是一个安全的过程协助IPSEC相关的重要谈判 - IKE）。
Please note, this is taken from various sources. It seems root is required because VpnService starts racoon, which then runs as a system user, and retrieves the PSK from the KeyStore. So KeyStore entries created by other apps aren't visible to racoon. (In linux environment, racoon is a security process assisting in IPSEC related key negotiations - IKE).
这是有道理的，但是，仍有一些实现L2TP / IPSEC无根的应用程序。
更新4
XinkVPN，源$ C $ C上手。仍然不允许用户创建L2TP配置文件而不需要生成一个key_store并重新编译用户。不是很友好的市场，但一个神话般的开始。
XinkVPN, source code to get started. Still does not allow users to create L2TP profile without user having to generate a key_store and recompile. Not very market friendly but a fabulous start.
您可以只将用户重定向到VPN通过一个未公开的意图设置屏幕。
you could just redirect the user to the VPN settings screen via an undocumented intent.
Intent intent = new Intent("android.net.vpn.SETTINGS");
intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
startActivity(intent);
这似乎工作在1.6-4.1手机。
This seems to work on 1.6-4.1 phones.