JavaFX 11:使用 Gradle 创建 jar 文件

问题描述：

我正在尝试将 JavaFX 项目从 8 Java 版本升级到 11 版本.当我使用运行"Gradle 任务(我遵循 Openjfx 教程)时，它可以工作，但是当我构建(使用jar"Gradle 任务)并执行(使用java -jar")一个 jar 文件时，会出现消息错误:缺少 JavaFX 运行时组件，需要运行此应用程序".

I am trying to upgrade a JavaFX project from the 8 Java version to the 11 version. It works when I use the "run" Gradle task (I followed the Openjfx tutorial), but when I build (with the "jar" Gradle task) and execute (with "java -jar") a jar file, the message "Error: JavaFX runtime components are missing, and are required to run this application" appears.

这是我的 build.gradle 文件:

Here is my build.gradle file :

group 'Project'
version '1.0'
apply plugin: 'java'
sourceCompatibility = 1.11

repositories {
    mavenCentral()
}

def currentOS = org.gradle.internal.os.OperatingSystem.current()
def platform
if (currentOS.isWindows()) {
    platform = 'win'
} else if (currentOS.isLinux()) {
    platform = 'linux'
} else if (currentOS.isMacOsX()) {
    platform = 'mac'
}
dependencies {
    compile "org.openjfx:javafx-base:11:${platform}"
    compile "org.openjfx:javafx-graphics:11:${platform}"
    compile "org.openjfx:javafx-controls:11:${platform}"
    compile "org.openjfx:javafx-fxml:11:${platform}"
}

task run(type: JavaExec) {
    classpath sourceSets.main.runtimeClasspath
    main = "project.Main"
}

jar {
    manifest {
        attributes 'Main-Class': 'project.Main'
    }
    from {
        configurations.compile.collect { it.isDirectory() ? it : zipTree(it) }
    }
}

compileJava {
    doFirst {
        options.compilerArgs = [
                '--module-path', classpath.asPath,
                '--add-modules', 'javafx.controls,javafx.fxml'
        ]
    }
}

run {
    doFirst {
        jvmArgs = [
                '--module-path', classpath.asPath,
                '--add-modules', 'javafx.controls,javafx.fxml'
        ]
    }
}

你知道我该怎么做吗?

答

如果有人感兴趣，我找到了一种为 JavaFX11 项目(使用 Java 9 模块)创建 jar 文件的方法.我仅在 Windows 上对其进行了测试(如果该应用程序也适用于 Linux，我认为我们必须执行相同的步骤，但在 Linux 上才能获得适用于 Linux 的 JavaFX jar).

If someone is interested, I found a way to create jar files for a JavaFX11 project (with Java 9 modules). I tested it on Windows only (if the application is also for Linux, I think we have to do the same steps but on Linux to get JavaFX jars for Linux).

我有一个Project.main"模块(由 IDEA 创建，当我创建 Gradle 项目时):

I have a "Project.main" module (created by IDEA, when I created a Gradle project) :

 src
 +-- main
 |   +-- java
     |   +-- main
         |   +-- Main.java (from the "main" package, extends Application)
     |   +-- module-info.java
 build.gradle
 settings.gradle
 ...

module-info.java 文件:

The module-info.java file :

module Project.main {
    requires javafx.controls;
    exports main;
}

build.gradle 文件:

The build.gradle file :

plugins {
    id 'java'
}

group 'Project'
version '1.0'
ext.moduleName = 'Project.main'
sourceCompatibility = 1.11

repositories {
    mavenCentral()
}

def currentOS = org.gradle.internal.os.OperatingSystem.current()
def platform
if (currentOS.isWindows()) {
    platform = 'win'
} else if (currentOS.isLinux()) {
    platform = 'linux'
} else if (currentOS.isMacOsX()) {
    platform = 'mac'
}
dependencies {
    compile "org.openjfx:javafx-base:11:${platform}"
    compile "org.openjfx:javafx-graphics:11:${platform}"
    compile "org.openjfx:javafx-controls:11:${platform}"
}

task run(type: JavaExec) {
    classpath sourceSets.main.runtimeClasspath
    main = "main.Main"
}

jar {
    inputs.property("moduleName", moduleName)
    manifest {
        attributes('Automatic-Module-Name': moduleName)
    }
}

compileJava {
    inputs.property("moduleName", moduleName)
    doFirst {
        options.compilerArgs = [
                '--module-path', classpath.asPath,
                '--add-modules', 'javafx.controls'
        ]
        classpath = files()
    }
}

task createJar(type: Copy) {
    dependsOn 'jar'
    into "$buildDir/libs"
    from configurations.runtime
}

settings.gradle 文件:

The settings.gradle file :

rootProject.name = 'Project'

和 Gradle 命令:

And the Gradle commands :

#Run the main class
gradle run

#Create the jars files (including the JavaFX jars) in the "build/libs" folder
gradle createJar

#Run the jar file
cd build/libs
java --module-path "." --module "Project.main/main.Main"

JavaFX 11:使用 Gradle 创建 jar 文件

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