JBehave JBehave
上篇我们说到如何从Github上clone出一个JBehave项目,既是为了学习JBehava,也是为了熟悉下Github。
从clone下来的项目看来,基本没什么问题,稍微捋一捋就可以运行,但是就clone下来的代码来看,自己还是遇到一个问题(不知道是代码问题,还是我自己的操作有问题),就是没有办法运行(后面会详说)。
正如上篇所说,构建一个JBehave的应用的5大步骤:
- Write story
- Map steps to Java
- Configure Stories
- Run Stories
- View Reports
这里,我们结合clone下来的项目分别对应这五个步骤了解JBehave是如何运行的并完成测试的。
1.Write story,设定一个story,给出一个情景,使用通用语言进行表示,不管是开发或是非开发的都能看懂
本项目有两个测试案例,一个是模拟登录的story:
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loginYahoo.story: Narrative: In order to show the yahoo function As a user I want to login yahoo Scenario: normal login Given yahoo login address by.bouncer.login.yahoo.com Then print successful |
另一个是模拟浏览的story:
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TestStroies.story: Browse Etsy.com Meta: @category browsing @color red Narrative: In order to show the browsing cart functionality As a user I want to browse in a gallery Scenario: Browsing around the site for items Given I am on localhost Then print hello world !--Examples: !--|host|hello| !--|localhost|hello world| !--|www.baidu.com|hello baidu| |
2.Map steps to Java, 将上述的每个story细分成每一个step,给出Given条件,则会得到Then的结果,从而将通用语言转换成可以通过代码逻辑描述的问题
loginYahoo.story对应的steps类TestLogin.java:
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public class TestLogin {
@Given ( "yahoo login address $url" )
public void getHostPage(String url){
System.out.println( "++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++" +url);
}
@Then ( "print $successful" )
public void hello(String successful){
System.out.println( "++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++" +successful);
}
} |
TestStories.story对应的steps类TestStep.java:
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public class TestStep {
@Given ( "I am on $host" )
public void getHostPage(String host){
System.out.println( "----------------------" +host);
}
@Then ( "print $hello" )
public void hello(String hello){
System.out.println( "----------------------" +hello);
}
} |
3.Configure Stories 配置一些映射关系,比如如何找到并加载story文件等
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public class EmbedderBase extends Embedder{
@Override
public EmbedderControls embedderControls() {
return new EmbedderControls().doIgnoreFailureInStories( true ).doIgnoreFailureInView( true );
}
@Override
public Configuration configuration() {
Class<? extends EmbedderBase> embedderClass = this .getClass();
//MostUsefulConfiguration使用默认的配置
return new MostUsefulConfiguration()
//设置story文件的加载路径
.useStoryLoader( new LoadFromClasspath(embedderClass.getClassLoader()))
//设定生成报告的相关配置
.useStoryReporterBuilder( new StoryReporterBuilder()
.withCodeLocation(CodeLocations.codeLocationFromClass(embedderClass))
.withFormats(Format.CONSOLE, Format.TXT)
.withCrossReference( new CrossReference()))
//设定相关参数的转换
.useParameterConverters( new ParameterConverters()
.addConverters( new DateConverter( new SimpleDateFormat( "yyyy-MM-dd" )))) // use custom date pattern
.useStepMonitor( new SilentStepMonitor());
}
} |
4.Run Stories
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public class TraderStoryRunner {
@Test (groups={ "test" })
public void runClasspathLoadedStoriesAsJUnit() {
// Embedder defines the configuration and candidate steps
Embedder embedder = new TestStories();
List<String> storyPaths = new StoryFinder().findPaths(CodeLocations.codeLocationFromClass( this .getClass()), "**/TestStories.story" , "" ); // use StoryFinder to look up paths
embedder.runStoriesAsPaths(storyPaths);
}
@Test (groups={ "test" })
public void runClasspathLoadedStories() {
// Embedder defines the configuration and candidate steps
Embedder embedder = new loginYahoo();
List<String> storyPaths = new StoryFinder().findPaths(CodeLocations.codeLocationFromClass( this .getClass()), "**/loginYahoo.story" , "" ); // use StoryFinder to look up paths
embedder.runStoriesAsPaths(storyPaths);
}
} |
这里可以看出,声明了两个类TestStories和loginYahoo。
TestStories.java
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public class TestStories extends EmbedderBase {
@Override
public InjectableStepsFactory stepsFactory() {
return new InstanceStepsFactory(configuration(), new TestStep()); //设定需要映射的step类
}
} |
loginYahoo.java:
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public class loginYahoo extends EmbedderBase {
@Override
public InjectableStepsFactory stepsFactory() {
return new InstanceStepsFactory(configuration(), new TestLogin()); //设定需要映射的step类
}
} |
这两个类是一个桥梁的作用,用于设定从story到step的映射,注意这里的两个类是继承类EmbedderBase的,而EmbedderBase类又是Embedder的子类。
这是项目给出的测试类TraderStoryRunner,但是这里有一个问题,就是没有找到运行的入口,点击右键,除了一些maven的操作,并没有其他可以运行的指标,比如junit。
所以通过摸索,按照自己的方法,发现首先要做的就是添加junit测试库,这是必须的。具体步骤:
右键项目->Build path->Configured build path
打开对话框,选择Libraries->Add Library->JUnit,点击next,选择junit4->finished。
添加完Junit后,新建一个Junit测试类
将TraderStoryRunner类的主体方法放进去,命名为Tc.java
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import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import java.util.List;
import org.jbehave.core.embedder.Embedder;
import org.jbehave.core.io.CodeLocations;
import org.jbehave.core.io.StoryFinder;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.AfterClass;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.junit.Test;
import com.story.TestStories;
import com.story.loginYahoo;
public class Tc {
@BeforeClass
public static void setUpBeforeClass() throws Exception {
}
@AfterClass
public static void tearDownAfterClass() throws Exception {
}
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
}
@After
public void tearDown() throws Exception {
}
// @Test : 表示这是一个测试用例,只有标识了改符号的函数才会被执行测试
@Test
public void runClasspathLoadedStoriesAsJUnit() {
// Embedder defines the configuration and candidate steps
Embedder embedder = new TestStories();
List<String> storyPaths = new StoryFinder().findPaths(CodeLocations.codeLocationFromClass( this .getClass()), "**/TestStories.story" , "" ); // use StoryFinder to look up paths
embedder.runStoriesAsPaths(storyPaths);
}
@Test
public void runClasspathLoadedStories() {
// Embedder defines the configuration and candidate steps
Embedder embedder = new loginYahoo();
List<String> storyPaths = new StoryFinder().findPaths(CodeLocations.codeLocationFromClass( this .getClass()), "**/loginYahoo.story" , "" ); // use StoryFinder to look up paths
embedder.runStoriesAsPaths(storyPaths);
}
} |
至此,这个项目是可以运行起来了。
5.View Reports
点击运行上面的Tc.java类,可以得到:
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Processing system properties {} Using controls EmbedderControls[batch=false,skip=false,generateViewAfterStories=true,ignoreFailureInStories=false,ignoreFailureInView=false,verboseFailures=false,verboseFiltering=false,storyTimeoutInSecs=300,threads=1] (BeforeStories) Running story com/story/TestStories.story Narrative: In order to show the browsing cart functionality As a user I want to browse in a gallery Browse Etsy.com (com/story/TestStories.story) Meta: @category browsing @color red Scenario: Browsing around the site for items ----------------------localhost Given I am on localhost ----------------------hello world !--Examples: !--|host|hello| !--|localhost|hello world| !--|www.baidu.com|hello baidu| Then print hello world !--Examples: !--|host|hello| !--|localhost|hello world| !--|www.baidu.com|hello baidu| (AfterStories) Generating reports view to 'C:Program Files (x86)GitJbehaveTestBehave_v2_testng argetjbehave' using formats '[console, txt]' and view properties '{defaultFormats=stats, decorateNonHtml=true, viewDirectory=view, decorated=ftl/jbehave-report-decorated.ftl, reports=ftl/jbehave-reports-with-totals.ftl, maps=ftl/jbehave-maps.ftl, navigator=ftl/jbehave-navigator.ftl, views=ftl/jbehave-views.ftl, nonDecorated=ftl/jbehave-report-non-decorated.ftl}' Reports view generated with 0 stories (of which 0 pending) containing 0 scenarios (of which 0 pending) Processing system properties {} Using controls EmbedderControls[batch=false,skip=false,generateViewAfterStories=true,ignoreFailureInStories=false,ignoreFailureInView=false,verboseFailures=false,verboseFiltering=false,storyTimeoutInSecs=300,threads=1] (BeforeStories) Running story com/story/loginYahoo.story Narrative: In order to show the yahoo function As a user I want to login yahoo (com/story/loginYahoo.story) Scenario: normal login ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++by.bouncer.login.yahoo.com Given yahoo login address by.bouncer.login.yahoo.com ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++successful Then print successful (AfterStories) Generating reports view to 'C:Program Files (x86)GitJbehaveTestBehave_v2_testng argetjbehave' using formats '[console, txt]' and view properties '{defaultFormats=stats, decorateNonHtml=true, viewDirectory=view, decorated=ftl/jbehave-report-decorated.ftl, reports=ftl/jbehave-reports-with-totals.ftl, maps=ftl/jbehave-maps.ftl, navigator=ftl/jbehave-navigator.ftl, views=ftl/jbehave-views.ftl, nonDecorated=ftl/jbehave-report-non-decorated.ftl}' Reports view generated with 0 stories (of which 0 pending) containing 0 scenarios (of which 0 pending) |
大体的思路,是将story和step对应起来,将story中的条件、参数传入step对应的类中,如果满足则通过测试,得到then给出的结果,否则得不到理想的结果。