Cython无法找到共享对象文件

问题描述：

我正在尝试从Cython链接到我自己的C库，按照我在网上找到的指示，包括这个答案：

I am trying to link to my own C library from Cython, following the directions I've found on the web, including this answer:

使用Cython将Python链接到共享库

我正在通过Spyder运行IPython。

I am running IPython through Spyder.

我的setup.py看起来像这样：

My setup.py looks like this:

from distutils.core import setup
from distutils.extension import Extension
from Cython.Build import cythonize
import numpy as np

setup(
  ext_modules = cythonize(
      [Extension("*",["*.pyx"],
                 libraries =["MyLib"],
                 extra_compile_args = ["-fopenmp","-O3"],
                 extra_link_args=["-L/path/to/lib"])
                 ]),
  include_dirs = [np.get_include()],
)

文件 libMyLib.so 位于 /路径中/ to / lib 并且它编译得很好。

The file libMyLib.so is in /path/to/lib and it compiles fine.

我的IPython配置文件启动文件夹中有一个Python脚本可以执行此操作

I have a Python script in my IPython profile startup folder that does this

try:
  os.environ["LD_LIBRARY_PATH"] += ":/path/to/lib"
except KeyError:
  os.environ["LD_LIBRARY_PATH"] = "/path/to/lib"

我可以确认这是在运行，因为如果我键入 os.environ [LD_LIBRARY_PATH] 进入IPython解释器，它返回 / path /到/ lib

I can confirm that this is running, because if I type os.environ["LD_LIBRARY_PATH"] into the IPython interpreter, it returns /path/to/lib

但是当我尝试加载Cython模块（即 import mycythonmodule ）时，我得到：

But when I try to load the Cython module (i.e. import mycythonmodule) I get:

ImportError: libMyLib.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

我也尝试将libMyLib.so放在其他地方，看看cython是否会找到它：

I've also tried putting libMyLib.so in other places to see if cython would find it:

在Python路径上

在与cython模块相同的文件夹中

但它仍然没有找不到共享库。我可以找到它的唯一方法是将它放在 / usr / lib 中，但我不希望它在那里，我希望能够设置库路径。

But it still doesn't find the shared library. The only way I can get it to find the library is by dropping it in /usr/lib, but I don't want it there, I want to be able to set the library path.

我错过了什么吗？

答

我如果其他人遇到同样的问题，我会自我回答。看起来答案就在这里：

I'm self-answering, in case anyone else runs into the same problem. Looks like the answers are here:

在python导入之前设置LD_LIBRARY_PATH

在运行时为ctypes更改LD_LIBRARY_PATH

根据这些答案（和我的经验），链接器在启动python时读取LD_LIBRARY_PATH，因此从python中更改它没有任何有用的效果，至少不是我希望的效果。唯一的解决方案是在设置LD_LIBRARY_PATH的shell脚本中包装python，或者在链接器搜索路径上的某处删除共享对象。

According to these answers (and my experience), the linker reads LD_LIBRARY_PATH when python is launched, so changing it from within python doesn't have any useful effect, at least not the effect I was hoping for. The only solution is to either wrap python in a shell script that sets LD_LIBRARY_PATH, or else drop the shared object somewhere on the linker search path.

有点痛，但是它就是它。

Kind of a pain, but it is what it is.

Cython无法找到共享对象文件

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