可以在一个旧项目中开始编写单元测试了吗?
我想开始为我们的项目编写单元测试(JUnit).它将J2EE 1.4与Hibernate 3.1结合使用,并且连接代码和服务层之间存在紧密的联系(如果正确,请使用servlet?请纠正我!).
I would like to start writing unit test (JUnit) for our project. This uses J2EE 1.4 with Hibernate 3.1 and there is a tight coupling between connection code and service layer(servlets if I am right? correct me!).
因此,假设我具有保留某些表单值的功能.结构是这样的,
So suppose I have functionality to persist some form values. The structure is something like,
MyServlet.java
MyServlet.java
public void doGet(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response)
{
T_Donation instance - new T_Donation();
instance.setName(request.getParameter("name"));
instance.setAmount(request.getParameter("amount"));
MyDAO dao = new MyDAO();
Boolean b = dao.persistInstance(instance);
if(b.booleanValue())
{
// forward to .jsp file by means of RequestDispatcher
}
}
T_Donation模型
Model T_Donation
public class T_Donation implements Serializable
{
private String name;
private String amount;
// getters, setters
// equals, hashcode
}
DAO类
public class MyDAO
{
public boolean persistInstance(T_Donation instance)
{
Session session = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory().openSession();
Transaction tx = null;
try
{
tx = sesion.beginTransation();
// setters again if needed
session.save(instance);
tx.commit();
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
ex.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
finally
{
session.close();
}
return true;
}
}
这是代码库的方式.我正在学习DAO模式,我认为这里也错误地实现了DAO模式.
This is how the codebase is. I am learning DAO pattern and I think that too is wrongly implemented here.
所以我的问题是,考虑到这一小功能,我将如何开始编写单元测试?它将需要多少?第一步对我来说真的很难.
So my question is, considering this small functionality, how would I start writing Unit test? And how many it would require? The first steps are really hard for me.
此外,欢迎提供有关更简洁的代码实践的意见.
Also, comments about cleaner code practice are welcome.
您可以通过从此代码行的返回处返回一个模拟Session来模拟诸如会话之类的对象:
You can mock objects like the session by returning a mock Session from this the return of this line of code :
HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory().openSession();
根据HibernateUtil的实现方式,您可以让util在有setter的情况下返回一个模拟SessionFactory(或可以添加一个),并在测试中进行设置.
Depending on how HibernateUtil is implemented, you can either have the util return a mock SessionFactory if there is a setter (or you can add one) and set it in your tests.
HibernateUtil.setSessionFactory(SessionFactory instance);
如果您没有设置器并且无法修改代码,则可以使用Powermock之类的东西来模拟静态方法和构造函数.
If you don't have a setter and can't modify the code, then you can use something like Powermock which will allow you to mock static methods and constructors.
那是我无论如何都要开始的地方...
That's where I would start anyway...