当使用基类和私有setter时，关键组件“Id”不是类型“TypeName”上的声明属性

我想使用的实体的抽象基类，这是不是任何表映射：

I want to use an abstract base class for entities, which is not mapped on any table:

public abstract class Entity
{
    public virtual int Id { get; private set; }
}

由于编号将自动递增，我不想让这个属性从外部改变。因此，它的制定者是私人

Since Id will be auto-increment, I don't want to allow to change this property from outside. Hence, its setter is private.

下面是一个示例实体类型：

Here's a sample entity type:

public class Order : Entity
{
    public virtual string Customer { get; set; }
}

...配置类型：

...configuration types:

public class EntityConfiguration<TEntity> : EntityTypeConfiguration<TEntity>
    where TEntity : Entity
{
    public EntityConfiguration()
    {
        HasKey(o => o.Id);
        Property(o => o.Id).HasColumnName("id").HasDatabaseGeneratedOption(DatabaseGeneratedOption.Identity);
    }
}

public class OrderConfiguration : EntityConfiguration<Order>
{
    public OrderConfiguration()
    {
        Property(o => o.Customer).HasColumnName("customer");
        ToTable("Customers");
    }
}

...和上下文：

...and context:

public class Context : DbContext
{
    public Context()
        : base()
    {
    }

    protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)
    {
        base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);

        modelBuilder.Configurations.Add(new OrderConfiguration());
    }

    public DbSet<Order> Orders { get; set; }
}

现在，当我试图查询订单是这样的：

Now, when I'm trying to query orders like this:

        using (var context = new Context())
        {
            foreach (var order in context.Orders)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(order.Customer);
            }
        }

我得到一个例外：

I'm getting an exception:

的关键组成部分ID不上键入订单声明的属性。
验证它尚未明确从模型和
，这是一个有效的基本属性排除。

The key component 'Id' is not a declared property on type 'Order'. Verify that it has not been explicitly excluded from the model and that it is a valid primitive property.

我读过的SO几个问题，发现，我的方法看起来是正确的。然后，我修改基类，一点点，并提出编号与公共的setter方法：

I've read several questions at SO, and found, that my approach looks correct. Then, I've modified base class a little and made Id with public setter:

public abstract class Entity
{
    public virtual int Id { get; set; }
}

和（这是一个奇迹！）示例代码工作正常。此外，它工作正常不带底座实体类（当编号在定义顺序）与私人的制定者。

And (it's a miracle!) the sample code works fine. Also, it works fine without base Entity class (when Id is defined in Order) with private setter.

逻辑告诉我，那是EF的错误行为。结果
但是，可能是我M失去了一些东西？

Logic tells me, that is a buggy behavior of EF.
But, may be, I'm missing something?