在Docker容器中安装node_modules并将其与主机同步

首先，我要感谢 David Maze 和 trust512 来发布他们的答案。不幸的是，他们没有帮助我解决我的问题。

At first, I would like to thank David Maze and trust512 for posting their answers. Unfortunately, they didn't help me to solve my problem.

我想发布我对这个问题的答案。

I would like to post my answer to this question.

我的 docker-compose.yml ：

---
# Define Docker Compose version.
version: "3"

# Define all the containers.
services:
  # Frontend Container.
  frontend:
    build: ./app/frontend
    volumes:
      - ./app/frontend:/usr/src/app
    ports:
     - 3000:3000
    environment:
      NODE_ENV: development
    command: /usr/src/app/entrypoint.sh

我的 Dockerfile ：

# Set the base image.
FROM node:10

# Create and define the node_modules's cache directory.
RUN mkdir /usr/src/cache
WORKDIR /usr/src/cache

# Install the application's dependencies into the node_modules's cache directory.
COPY package.json ./
COPY package-lock.json ./
RUN npm install

# Create and define the application's working directory.
RUN mkdir /usr/src/app
WORKDIR /usr/src/app

最后但并非最不重要的 entrypoint.sh ：

And last but not least entrypoint.sh:

#!/bin/bash

cp -r /usr/src/cache/node_modules/. /usr/src/app/node_modules/
exec npm start

这里最棘手的部分是将 node_modules 安装到 node_module 的缓存目录（ / usr / src / cache ）在我们的 Dockerfile 中定义。之后， entrypoint.sh 将从缓存目录中移动 node_modules （ / usr / src / cache ）到我们的应用程序目录（ / usr / src / app ）。因此，整个 node_modules 目录将出现在我们的主机上。

The trickiest part here is to install the node_modules into the node_module's cache directory (/usr/src/cache) which is defined in our Dockerfile. After that, entrypoint.sh will move the node_modules from the cache directory (/usr/src/cache) to our application directory (/usr/src/app). Thanks to this the entire node_modules directory will appear on our host machine.

看着上面的问题，我想要：

Looking at my question above I wanted:

• 来自动安装 node_modules ，


• 将 node_modules 安装在Docker容器而不是主机中


• 具有 node_modules 与主机同步（如果我在Docker容器中安装了一些新软件包，则应该
  自动与主机同步，无需任何手动操作

• to install node_modules automatically instead of manually
• to install node_modules inside the Docker container instead of the host
• to have node_modules synchronized with the host (if I install some new package inside the Docker container, it should be synchronized with the host automatically without any manual actions

第一件事已经完成： node_modules 是自动安装的。事情也完成了： node_modules 安装在Docker容器内（因此，不会出现跨平台问题），第三件事也完成了： node_modules 将是 vi sible 在我们的主机上，它们将被同步！如果我们在Docker容器中安装了一些新软件包，它将立即与我们的主机同步。

The first thing is done: node_modules are installed automatically. The second thing is done too: node_modules are installed inside the Docker container (so, there will be no cross-platform issues). And the third thing is done too: node_modules that were installed inside the Docker container will be visible on our host machine and they will be synchronized! If we install some new package inside the Docker container, it will be synchronized with our host machine at once.

需要注意的重要一点：确实，新软件包已安装在Docker容器中，将出现在 / usr / src / app / node_modules 中。由于此目录已与我们的主机同步，因此此新软件包也将出现在我们主机的 node_modules 目录中。但是 / usr / src / cache / node_modules 此时将具有旧版本（没有此新软件包）。无论如何，这对我们来说不是问题。在下一个 docker-compose up --build （需要-build ）期间，Docker将重新安装 node_modules （因为更改了 package.json ）和 entrypoint.sh 文件会将它们移动到我们的 / usr / src / app / node_modules 。

The important thing to note: truly speaking, the new package installed inside the Docker container, will appear in /usr/src/app/node_modules. As this directory is synchronized with our host machine, this new package will appear on our host machine's node_modules directory too. But the /usr/src/cache/node_modules will have the old build at this point (without this new package). Anyway, it is not a problem for us. During next docker-compose up --build (--build is required) the Docker will re-install the node_modules (because package.json was changed) and the entrypoint.sh file will move them to our /usr/src/app/node_modules.

您应考虑到更重要的一件事如果您从远程存储库中 git pull 中的代码或 git在Docker运行时签出您的teammate-branch ，可能是一些添加到 package.json 文件中的新软件包。在这种情况下，您应该使用 CTRL + C 停止Docker，然后使用 docker-compose up --build 重新启动它>（需要-build ）。如果您的容器作为守护程序运行，则只需执行 docker-compose stop 来停止容器，然后使用 docker-compose up再次启动- -build （需要-build ）。

You should take into account one more important thing. If you git pull the code from the remote repository or git checkout your-teammate-branch when Docker is running, there may be some new packages added to the package.json file. In this case, you should stop the Docker with CTRL + C and up it again with docker-compose up --build (--build is required). If your containers are running as a daemon, you should just execute docker-compose stop to stop the containers and up it again with docker-compose up --build (--build is required).

如果有任何疑问，请在评论中让我知道。

If you have any questions, please let me know in the comments.

希望这会有所帮助。