Xml 模式,如何确保存在具有特定属性值的元素
问题描述:
如何在 XML 中强制存在具有特定属性值的元素?
How do I enforce the existing of an element with a specific attribute value in the XML?
例如:
<events>
<event type="system" desc="this is a system event"/>
<event type="bla1" desc="this is bla1 event"/>
<event type="bla2" desc="this is bla2 event"/>
</events>
我需要一个规则来确保 type 属性 = 'system' 的事件元素存在(一次).所有其他事件元素都是可选的;
I need a rule to make sure the event element with type attribute = 'system' exists (once). All other event elements are optional;
答
如果您使用的是 XML Schema 1.0,则无法直接表达约束.您可以在 XML Schema 1.0 之外通过 Schematron 或 XSLT 直接完成此操作.
If you're using XML Schema 1.0, you cannot express the constraint directly. You could do it outside of XML Schema 1.0 via Schematron or XSLT directly.
如果您使用的是 XML Schema 1.1,您可以通过 xs:assert
指定共现约束:
If you're using XML Schema 1.1, you can specify co-occurrence constraints via xs:assert
:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
version="1.0">
<xs:element name="events">
<xs:complexType>
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element name="event" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded">
<xs:complexType>
<xs:attribute name="type" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:attribute name="desc" type="xs:string"/>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>
</xs:sequence>
<xs:assert test="count(event[@type = 'system']) = 1"/>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>
</xs:schema>