根据属性值有效地找到嵌套的PHP数组元素
Suppose a PHP array, when cast to JSON, has the following format:
[{
"key": "width",
"value": "1200",
"label": "Width (mm)",
"choice": ""
},
{
"key": "height",
"value": "900",
"label": "Height (mm)",
"choice": ""
},
{
"key": "material",
"value": "paper",
"label": "Material",
"choice": "Paper"
}]
(This is a shortened version of the original, which can have many more elements)
Let's suppose I want to efficiently find what material is used. In other words, I want to search for a nested array that has for key
the value material
, and I want to return the value
which would be paper
.
I know this can be done by using a foreach/while loop, but PHP is rich with compiled array functions that I'm not very familiar with. What's the best function to use here?
UPDATE: What I've tried so far
Here's two things I've tried so far:
Attempt #1:
$json = '[{"key":"width","value":"1200","label":"Width (mm)","choice":""},{"key":"height","value":"900","label":"Height (mm)","choice":""},{"key":"material","value":"paper","label":"Material","choice":"Paper"}]';
$array = json_encode($json, true);
$material = '';
foreach($array as $nestedArray) {
if($nestedArray['key'] = 'material') {
$material = $nestedArray['value'];
}
}
Attempt #2:
$json = '[{"key":"width","value":"1200","label":"Width (mm)","choice":""},{"key":"height","value":"900","label":"Height (mm)","choice":""},{"key":"material","value":"paper","label":"Material","choice":"Paper"}]';
$array = json_decode($json, true);
$filteredArray = array_filter($array, function($array) {
return ($array['key'] == 'material');
});
$arr = array_pop($filteredArray)['value'];
Both produce the right value, but #1 is messy, and #2 may not be the best use of PHPs array functions.
假设PHP数组在转换为JSON时具有以下格式: p>
(这是原版的缩短版,可以有更多的元素) p>
让我们假设我想有效地找到什么材料 用来。 换句话说,我想搜索一个嵌套数组,其中包含 我知道这可以通过使用foreach / while循环来完成,但是PHP有很多编译的数组函数,我不是很熟悉 用。 在这里使用的最佳功能是什么? p>
更新:到目前为止我尝试了什么 strong> p>
到目前为止,我已经尝试了两件事: p>
尝试#1: p>
尝试#2: p>
\ n 两者都产生正确的值,但#1是凌乱的,#2 可能不是PHPs数组函数的最佳用法。 p>
div> [{
“key”:“width”,
“value”:“1200”,
“label”:“Width(mm)”,
“choice”:“”
},
{
“key”:“height”,
“value”:“900”,
“label”:“Height(mm)”,
“choice”:“”
},
{
“key”:“material”,
“value”:“paper”,
“label”:“Material”,
“choice”:“Paper”
}]
code> pre>
key code>值
material code>,我想返回
值 code> 是
paper code>。 p>
$ json ='[{“key “:”width“,”value“:”1200“,”label“:”Width(mm)“,”choice“:”“},{”key“:”height“,”value“:”900“, “label”:“Height(mm)”,“choice”:“”},{“key”:“material”,“value”:“paper”,“label”:“Material”,“choice”:“Paper” “}]';
$ array = json_encode($ json,true);
$ material ='';
foreach($ array as $ nestedArray){
if($ nestedArray ['key'] ='material '){
$ material = $ nestedArray ['value'];
}
}
code> pre>
$ json ='[{“key”:“width”,“value”:“1200”,“label”:“Width(mm)”,“choice”:“”},{“ key“:”height“,”value“:”900“,”label“:”Height(mm)“,”choice“:”“},{”key“:”material“,”value“:”paper“ ,“label”:“Material”,“choice”:“Paper”}]';
$ array = json_decode($ json,true);
$ filteredArray = array_filter($ array,function($ array){\ n return($ array ['key'] =='material');
});
$ arr = arra y_pop($ filteredArray)['value'];
code> pre>
It depends on what you want to do in addition to "finding the value". And what you have.
array_filter
is simple, but it will loop through the whole array.
array_search
on a reduced set looks faster, but it needs to make a copy of the source array, so it's actually slower than array_filter
(not by much).
The foreach
solution you tried first will not create extra arrays and it allows you to break on a find:
foreach($array as $nestedArray) {
if ($nestedArray['key'] == 'material') {
$material = $nestedArray['value'];
break; // <--- found!
}
}
So on short arrays I'd go with the accepted solution using array_column
, or if you're sure that the material is there, there is this array_column
tweak:
// Transform the records into keypairs
$keypairs = array_column($records, 'value', 'key');
Now keypairs is [ width => 900, material => paper, ... ], so:
$material = $keypairs['material'];
I'd add a array_key_exists
just to be sure. This saves the array_search
(not that great an advantage, but you might have a use for the keypair object).
If you need exactly that one value and nothing else, performance is at a premium, and the array is large, I'd not throw out the idea of looking for '"material":"' inside the JSON as a string with strpos
, even if it's a code smell.
If it's a json text as you stated in comments my advice is a regex match.
This will find "key material" and "value" and match the value of value.
It works on the small sample, but you have to try it on a larger string.
https://regex101.com/r/CSTLUL/1
$re = '/key\": \"material\",.*?\"value\": \"(.*?)\",/s';
$str = '{
"key": "width",
"value": "1200",
"label": "Width (mm)",
"choice": ""
},
{
"key": "height",
"value": "900",
"label": "Height (mm)",
"choice": ""
},
{
"key": "material",
"value": "paper",
"label": "Material",
"choice": "Paper"
}]';
preg_match_all($re, $str, $matches);
// Print the entire match result
var_dump($matches);
You can use combination of array_search and array_column so no need to use loop
Working Demo: https://eval.in/865566
$data = '[{
"key": "width",
"value": "1200",
"label": "Width (mm)",
"choice": ""
},
{
"key": "height",
"value": "900",
"label": "Height (mm)",
"choice": ""
},
{
"key": "material",
"value": "paper",
"label": "Material",
"choice": "Paper"
}]';
$data = json_decode($data,True);
$key = array_search('material', array_column($data, 'key')); // get key of array
echo $data[$key]['value'];
Output
paper