如何在 RequireJS 中模拟单元测试的依赖项?

问题描述：

我有一个要测试的 AMD 模块，但我想模拟它的依赖项而不是加载实际的依赖项.我正在使用 requirejs，我的模块的代码如下所示:

I have an AMD module I want to test, but I want to mock out its dependencies instead of loading the actual dependencies. I am using requirejs, and the code for my module looks something like this:

define(['hurp', 'durp'], function(Hurp, Durp) {
  return {
    foo: function () {
      console.log(Hurp.beans)
    },
    bar: function () {
      console.log(Durp.beans)
    }
  }
}

如何模拟 hurp 和 durp 以便有效地进行单元测试?

How can I mock out hurp and durp so I can effectively unit test?

答

所以在阅读了这篇文章后我想出了一个解决方案，它使用 requirejs 配置函数为您的测试创建一个新的上下文，您可以在其中简单地模拟您的依赖项:

So after reading this post I came up with a solution that use the requirejs config function to create a new context for your test where you can simply mock your dependencies:

var cnt = 0;
function createContext(stubs) {
  cnt++;
  var map = {};

  var i18n = stubs.i18n;
  stubs.i18n = {
    load: sinon.spy(function(name, req, onLoad) {
      onLoad(i18n);
    })
  };

  _.each(stubs, function(value, key) {
    var stubName = 'stub' + key + cnt;

    map[key] = stubName;

    define(stubName, function() {
      return value;
    });
  });

  return require.config({
    context: "context_" + cnt,
    map: {
      "*": map
    },
    baseUrl: 'js/cfe/app/'
  });
}

因此它创建了一个新的上下文，其中 Hurp 和 Durp 的定义将由您传递给函数的对象设置.名称的 Math.random 可能有点脏，但它有效.因为如果你有一堆测试，你需要为每个套件创建新的上下文，以防止重用你的模拟，或者在你想要真正的 requirejs 模块时加载模拟.

So it creates a new context where the definitions for Hurp and Durp will be set by the objects you passed into the function. The Math.random for the name is maybe a bit dirty but it works. Cause if you'll have a bunch of test you need to create new context for every suite to prevent reusing your mocks, or to load mocks when you want the real requirejs module.

在您的情况下，它看起来像这样:

In your case it would look like this:

(function () {

  var stubs =  {
    hurp: 'hurp',
    durp: 'durp'
  };
  var context = createContext(stubs);

  context(['yourModuleName'], function (yourModule) {

    //your normal jasmine test starts here

    describe("yourModuleName", function () {
      it('should log', function(){
         spyOn(console, 'log');
         yourModule.foo();

         expect(console.log).toHasBeenCalledWith('hurp');
      })
    });
  });
})();

所以我在生产中使用这种方法有一段时间了，它非常强大.

So I'm using this approach in production for a while and its really robust.

如何在 RequireJS 中模拟单元测试的依赖项?

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