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快速链接并使用C/C ++库进行构建

分类: 技术问答 • 2022-03-17 08:52:13

快速链接并使用C/C ++库进行构建

问题描述：

我以前没有任何有关Swift的经验.

I don't have any prior experience with swift.

我有一个静态库libseriallib.a，它是用C ++编写的，但是通过使用extern C具有C包装器接口.

I have a static library libseriallib.a which was written in C++ but has a C wrapper interface by using extern C.

我想将此库链接到一个快速的iOS应用程序中.我正在从头开始创建此应用程序.

I want to link this library into a swift iOS application. I am creating this application from scratch.

libseriallib.a依赖于三个库.它们是:libz.a，'libcrypto.a , libssh.a`.

There are three libraries that libseriallib.a depends on. These are: libz.a, 'libcrypto.a,libssh.a`.

我遵循了此处(使用模块)并尝试构建项目.但是，我对如何链接这三个依赖关系并使其成功构建感到困惑.现在，我只在XCode Build Phases->Link Binary With Libraries部分中添加了libseriallib.a.

I followed the second method mentioned here (Using module) and tried to build the project. However, I am confused how to link the three dependencies and get it building successfully. Right now I only added libseriallib.a to XCode Build Phases->Link Binary With Libraries section.

我现在遇到的错误如下:

The errors I have right now look like this:

Apple Mach-O Linker Warning Group
ld: warning: URGENT: building for iOS simulator, but linking in object file (/Users/duminda/dev/swiftlibtest/libseriallib.a(seriallib.cpp.o)) built for OSX. Note: This will be an error in the future.

ld: warning: object file (/Users/duminda/dev/swiftlibtest/libseriallib.a(seriallib.cpp.o)) was built for newer OSX version (10.11) than being linked (10.0)

ld: warning: URGENT: building for iOS simulator, but linking in object file (/Users/duminda/dev/swiftlibtest/libseriallib.a(mem_buffer.cpp.o)) built for OSX. Note: This will be an error in the future.

ld: warning: object file (/Users/duminda/dev/swiftlibtest/libseriallib.a(mem_buffer.cpp.o)) was built for newer OSX version (10.11) than being linked (10.0)

ld: warning: URGENT: building for iOS simulator, but linking in object file (/Users/duminda/dev/swiftlibtest/libseriallib.a(buffers.cpp.o)) built for OSX. Note: This will be an error in the future.

ld: warning: object file (/Users/duminda/dev/swiftlibtest/libseriallib.a(buffers.cpp.o)) was built for newer OSX version (10.11) than being linked (10.0)

ld: warning: URGENT: building for iOS simulator, but linking in object file (/Users/duminda/dev/swiftlibtest/libseriallib.a(packet_reader2.cpp.o)) built for OSX. Note: This will be an error in the future.

ld: warning: object file (/Users/duminda/dev/swiftlibtest/libseriallib.a(packet_reader2.cpp.o)) was built for newer OSX version (10.11) than being linked (10.0)

Apple Mach-O Linker Error Group
  "std::runtime_error::what() const", referenced from:

  "std::__1::__basic_string_common<true>::__throw_length_error() const", referenced from:

  "std::__1::locale::use_facet(std::__1::locale::id&) const", referenced from:

  "std::__1::ios_base::getloc() const", referenced from:

  "std::runtime_error::runtime_error(std::__1::basic_string<char, std::__1::char_traits<char>, std::__1::allocator<char> > const&)", referenced from:

现在，看来我也必须链接libstd++.

Now, it looks like I have to link libstd++ also.

是否有全面的资源来介绍如何将C/C ++库与快速的iOS应用程序链接?

Is there any comprehensive resource to how to link a C/C++ library with a swift iOS app?

任何帮助将不胜感激.

答

在这种情况下，您不必使用模块映射.您可以在Build Phases->Link Binary With Libraries部分或Build Settings -> Other Linker Flags中添加所有4个静态库，在这种情况下，您需要将它们指定为-lseriallib -lcrypto -lz -lssh.无论哪种情况，您都需要按照ikliashchou的建议在Build Settings -> Library Search Path中添加它们的路径.

You don't have to use module maps in this case. You can add all 4 static libraries in the Build Phases->Link Binary With Libraries section or in the Build Settings -> Other Linker Flags, in which case you need to specify them as -lseriallib -lcrypto -lz -lssh. In either case you also need to add their paths in Build Settings -> Library Search Path, as suggested by ikliashchou.

关于C ++符号的错误，可以通过在Other Linker Flags上添加-lc++来解决.这就是说包装器是一个单独的库；如果包装程序代码是项目的一部分，则不应出现这些错误.

As for the errors about C++ symbols, those can be resolved by adding -lc++ to Other Linker Flags. That's if the wrapper is a separate library; you should not be getting those errors if the wrapper code is part of the project.

有关体系结构的警告不会阻止该应用程序在模拟器中运行(目前).但是，一旦您尝试在设备上运行它，它就不会构建，因为静态库不是为iOS设备的体系结构构建的.

The warnings about architectures won't prevent the app from running in the simulator (for now). However, as soon as you try running it on a device, it won't build because the static libs are not built for an iOS device's architecture.

在这些静态库中为设备构建代码本身就是一个主题，并且可能很棘手.需要考虑的几件事:

Building the code in those static libs for a device is a topic in its own right and may be tricky. A few things to consider:

  • 从库源创建Xcode静态库项目.这 每个库都需要完成.
  • 将所有库源包含到您的应用程序项目中(在 在这种情况下，这种方法可能太乱了.
  • 这些库可能还具有其他不易依赖的依赖项 适用于iOS设备.
  • 库代码可能已经移植到了iOS，因此Google为 它.
  • Create an Xcode static library project from the library source. This would need to be done for each library.
  • Include all the library sources into your application project (in this case this approach would probably be too messy).
  • The libraries may have yet other dependencies that are not readily available for iOS devices.
  • The library code may have already been ported to iOS, so Google for it.

以下一些链接可能会有所帮助: -如何使用Xcode编译库一个生成文件? -可以建立一个静态的iOS的库而不使用Xcode IDE? -编译用于iOS项目的外部C ++库

Here are some links that might be helpful: - How do I compile a library in Xcode using a makefile? - Can I build a static library for iOS without using the Xcode IDE? - Compiling external C++ library for use with iOS project

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