with period:

echo"<div>
        <img src='".$row['image']."'>
        ".$row['text']."
    </div>";

src='".$row['image']."' denotes the concatenation of $row['image']

with comma:

echo"<div>
    <img src='",$row['image'],"'>
    ",$row['text'],"
</div>";

^The comma , defines the string separation in the above example.

preset:

$image=$row['image'];
$text=$row['text'];
    echo"<div>
        <img src='$image'>
        $text
    </div>

^While this would still work with single '$image' A better practice would be '".$row['image']."' wrapped around quotes, i.e. below:

echo "<div>
    <img src='".$image."'>
    ".$text."
</div>";

Note: Keeping it simple, . for concatenation and , for separation.

^An Example:

<?php
$str = "Hawas" . "Ka" . "Pujaari";

echo $str;

$str2 = "Hawas, " . "Ka, " . "Pujaari";

echo  $str2;
?>

. concatenates strings (+ in most languages, but not PHP). PHP manual operators

, separates arguments (echo can take more than 1 argument). PHP manual echo

In your first example echo" ".$row['text']." must be changed to echo " ".$row['text']." which is write syntax to concatenate two string. For second example echo" ",$row['text']," must be changed to echo " ",$row['text']," I don think this is valid syntax in php . $image=$row['image']; $text=$row['text']; echo" $text must be like

$image=$row['image']; $text=$row['text']; echo $text;