Golang：从文本文件中读取无效的JSON

问题描述：

I have a txt file with the following sample data:

host{
      Entry {
          id: "foo"
      }
       Entry {
          id: "bar"
      }
    }

port{
      Entry {
          id: "lorem"
      }
       Entry {
          id: "ipsum"
      }
    }

It has +300 of those Entry values. I'd like to read the file and extract the id values belonging to the port section. It's not valid JSON so I can't use the json decoder, is there any other way of extracting the values?

我有一个带有以下示例数据的txt文件： p>

 主机{
条目{
 id：“ foo” 
} 
条目{
 id：“ bar” 
} 
} 
 
port {
条目{
 id：“ lorem”  
} 
输入{
 id：“ ipsum” 
} 
} 
  code>  pre> 
 
 它具有+300个这些输入值。 我想读取文件并提取属于端口 strong>部分的 id  strong>值。 这是无效的JSON，所以我不能使用json解码器，还有其他提取值的方法吗？ p> 
  div>

答

If the structure is the same throughout and all you want is the id values you can do something like this (on the Playground):

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "strings"
)

func main() {
    // This will work only if ids don't have spaces
    fields := strings.Fields(input1)
    for i, field := range fields {
        if field == "id:" {
            fmt.Println("Got an id: ", fields[i+1][1:len(fields[i+1])-1])
        }
    }
    fmt.Println()

    // This will extract all strings enclosed in ""
    for i1, i2 := 0, 0;; {
        i := strings.Index(input2[i1:], "\"") // find the first " starting after the last match
        if i > 0 { // if we found one carry on
            i1 = i + 1 + i1 // set the start index to the absolute position in the string
            i2 = strings.Index(input2[i1:], "\"") // find the second "
            fmt.Println(input2[i1 : i1+i2]) // print the string between ""
            i1 += i2 + 1 // set the new starting index to after the last match
        } else { // otherwise we are done
            break
        }
    }


    // Reading the text line by line and only processing port sections
    parts := []string{"port{", "  Entry {", "      id: \"foo bar\"", "  }", "   Entry {", "      id: \"more foo bar\"", "  }", "}"}        
    isPortSection := false
    for _, part := range parts {
        if string.HasPrefix(part, "port"){
            isPortSection = true
        }
        if string.HasPrefix(part, "host"){
            isPortSection = false
        }
        if isPortSection && strings.HasPrefix(strings.TrimSpace(part),"id:") {
            line := strings.TrimSpace(part)
            fmt.Println(line[5:len(line)-1])
        }
    }
}

var input1 string = `port{
  Entry {
      id: "foo"
  }
   Entry {
      id: "bar"
  }
}`

var input2 string = `port{
  Entry {
      id: "foo bar"
  }
   Entry {
      id: "more foo bar"
  }
}`

Prints:

Got an id:  foo
Got an id:  bar

foo bar
more foo bar

Instead of printing them in the loop you can stick them into a slice or map or do whatever you want/need to. And of course instead of using the string literal you read in the lines from your file.

答

I believe text/scanner might be very useful here. It's not plug&play, but will allow you to tokenise input and will parse your strings nicely (spaces, escaped values etc.). A quick proof of concept, scanner with a simple state machine to capture all id: {str} patterns which are in Entry section:

var s scanner.Scanner
s.Init(strings.NewReader(src))

// Keep state of parsing process
const (
    StateNone = iota
    StateID
    StateIDColon
)
state := StateNone

lastToken := ""        // last token text
sections := []string{} // section stack

tok := s.Scan()
for tok != scanner.EOF {
    txt := s.TokenText()
    switch txt {
    case "id":
        if state == StateNone {
            state = StateID
        } else {
            state = StateNone
        }
    case ":":
        if state == StateID {
            state = StateIDColon
        } else {
            state = StateNone
        }
    case "{":
        // Add section
        sections = append(sections, lastToken)
    case "}":
        // Remove section
        if len(sections) > 0 {
            sections = sections[0 : len(sections)-1]    
        }
    default:
        if state == StateIDColon && sections[0] == "port" {
            // Our string is here
            fmt.Println(txt)
        }
        state = StateNone
    }
    lastToken = txt
    tok = s.Scan()
}

You can play it here. This surely requires some more work if you need validate the input structure etc. but seems like a good starting point to me.

Golang：从文本文件中读取无效的JSON

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