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docker 搭建registry

分类: IT文章 • 2025-02-03 11:34:25

Docke官方提供了Docker Hub网站来作为一个公开的集中仓库。然而，本地访问Docker Hub速度往往很慢，并且很多时候我们需要一个本地的私有仓库只供网内使用。
Docker仓库实际上提供两方面的功能，一个是镜像管理，一个是认证。前者主要由docker-registry项目来实现，通过http服务来上传下载；后者可以通过docker-index（闭源）项目或者利用现成认证方案（如nginx）实现http请求管理。

系统环境：CentOS 7.2
主机IP：192.168.116.148

1、安装docker-registry

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docker run -d -p 5000:5000 --restart=always --name registry -v /opt/registry:/var/lib/registry registry:2

2、上传镜像

查看系统已有的镜像：

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# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
centos              latest              8140d0c64310        7 days ago          193MB
registry            2                   9d0c4eabab4d        8 days ago          33.2MB

使用docker tag将centos镜像打个标记

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# docker tag centos 192.168.116.148:5000/centos
使用docker push 上传标记的镜像
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# docker push 192.168.116.148:5000/centos
没有成功，这是因为从docker1.3.2版本开始，使用registry时，必须使用TLS保证其安全。

docker 搭建registry

在/etc/docker/目录下，创建daemon.json文件。在文件中写入：

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{ "insecure-registries":["192.168.116.148:5000"] }
然后重启docker：
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# systemctl restart docker

重新上传：

docker 搭建registry

接下来开始配置https

3、配置SSL证书及nginx反向代理docker registry

搭建私有CA，初始化CA环境，在/etc/pki/CA/下建立证书索引数据库文件index.txt和序列号文件serial，并为证书序列号文件提供初始值。

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# touch /etc/pki/CA/{index.txt,serial}
# echo 01 > /etc/pki/CA/serial

生成密钥并保存到/etc/pki/CA/private/cakey.pem

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# (umask 077;openssl genrsa -out  /etc/pki/CA/private/cakey.pem 2048)

生成根证书

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# openssl req -new -x509 -key  /etc/pki/CA/private/cakey.pem -out /etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem -days 3650

需要填写的信息：

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Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) []:China
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:Beijing
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:wts
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:sysops
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:hub.wts.com
Email Address []:admin@wts.com

使系统信任根证书

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# cat /etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem >> /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt
安装nginx
安装过程略，安装路径为/app/nginx，需要安装openssl模块。
 
签发证书
创建ssl目录用来存放密钥文件和证书申请文件
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# mkdir /app/nginx/conf/ssl

创建密钥文件和证书申请文件

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# (umask 077;openssl genrsa -out /app/nginx/conf/ssl/docker.key 2048)
# openssl req -new -key /app/nginx/conf/ssl/docker.key -out /app/nginx/conf/ssl/docker.csr

填写的申请信息前四项要和私有CA的信息一致

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Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) []:China
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:Beijing
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:wts
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:sysops
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:hub.wts.com
Email Address []:admin@wts.com
 
Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:  #直接回车
An optional company name []:  #直接回车

签署，证书

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# openssl ca -in /app/nginx/conf/ssl/docker.csr -out /app/nginx/conf/ssl/docker.crt -days 3650
Using configuration from /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf
Check that the request matches the signature
Signature ok
Certificate Details:
        Serial Number: 1 (0x1)
        Validity
            Not Before: May 19 19:03:55 2017 GMT
            Not After : May 17 19:03:55 2027 GMT
        Subject:
            countryName               = CN
            stateOrProvinceName       = Beijing
            organizationName          = wts
            organizationalUnitName    = sysops
            commonName                = hub.wts.com
            emailAddress              = admin@wts.com
        X509v3 extensions:
            X509v3 Basic Constraints:
                CA:FALSE
            Netscape Comment:
                OpenSSL Generated Certificate
            X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:
                69:F0:D7:BF:B2:CE:6D:53:AA:1A:CD:E8:73:47:A7:9F:30:EA:17:F7
            X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:
                keyid:AF:E5:48:44:A3:18:59:38:D5:17:07:1B:1D:6F:32:F4:EC:1E:E0:E2
 
Certificate is to be certified until May 17 19:03:55 2027 GMT (3650 days)
Sign the certificate? [y/n]:y
 
1 out of 1 certificate requests certified, commit? [y/n]y
Write out database with 1 new entries
Data Base Updated

配置nginx反向代理docker registry

添加认证

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# yum -y install httpd-tools
# htpasswd -cb /app/nginx/conf/docker-registry.htpasswd admin admin

nginx相关配置：

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upstream docker-registry {
        server 127.0.0.1:5000;
    }
 
    server {
        listen       443;
        server_name  localhost;
 
        #charset koi8-r;
 
        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
        ssl                   on;
        ssl_certificate       /app/nginx/conf/ssl/docker.crt;
        ssl_certificate_key   /app/nginx/conf/ssl/docker.key;
        client_max_body_size 0;
        chunked_transfer_encoding on;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        add_header 'Docker-Distribution-Api-Version' 'registry/2.0' always;
 
        location / {
           auth_basic   "Docker registry";
               auth_basic_user_file /app/nginx/conf/docker-registry.htpasswd;
               proxy_pass  http://docker-registry;
        }
        location /_ping{
               auth_basic off;
               proxy_pass  http://docker-registry;
               }
        location /v2/_ping{
               auth_basic off;
               proxy_pass  http://docker-registry;
        }
}

重启nginx

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# /app/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
 
如果没有DNS解析内网域名，修改hosts文件
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# cat >>/etc/hosts <<EOF
192.168.116.148 hub.wts.com
EOF
重启docker
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# systemctl daemon-reload
# systemctl restart docker

登录

docker 搭建registry

上传镜像

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# docker pull nginx
# docker tag nginx 192.168.116.148:5000/nginx
# docker push 192.168.116.148:5000/nginx

查看

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# curl --user admin:admin  https://hub.wts.com/v2/_catalog
{"repositories":["centos","nginx"]}

局域网内其他机器认证（192.168.116.147 系统版本：CentOS6.5）

修改hosts文件
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# cat >>/etc/hosts <<EOF
192.168.116.148 hub.wts.com
EOF

把CA的密钥发送到客户机，并添加到ca-bundle.crt

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# scp -p /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt  root@192.168.116.147:/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt
# scp -p /etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem root@192.168.116.147:/etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem
# cat /etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem >> /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt
重启docker
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# /etc/init.d/docker restart

登录

docker 搭建registry

下载镜像

docker 搭建registry

至此，私服基本上可以使用了。 

转载：http://www.cnblogs.com/Eivll0m/p/7089675.html
借鉴：https://www.cnblogs.com/kevingrace/p/6628062.html

Docke官方提供了Docker Hub网站来作为一个公开的集中仓库。然而，本地访问Docker Hub速度往往很慢，并且很多时候我们需要一个本地的私有仓库只供网内使用。
Docker仓库实际上提供两方面的功能，一个是镜像管理，一个是认证。前者主要由docker-registry项目来实现，通过http服务来上传下载；后者可以通过docker-index（闭源）项目或者利用现成认证方案（如nginx）实现http请求管理。

系统环境：CentOS 7.2
主机IP：192.168.116.148

1、安装docker-registry

?
1
docker run -d -p 5000:5000 --restart=always --name registry -v /opt/registry:/var/lib/registry registry:2

2、上传镜像

查看系统已有的镜像：

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# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
centos              latest              8140d0c64310        7 days ago          193MB
registry            2                   9d0c4eabab4d        8 days ago          33.2MB

使用docker tag将centos镜像打个标记

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# docker tag centos 192.168.116.148:5000/centos
使用docker push 上传标记的镜像
?
1
# docker push 192.168.116.148:5000/centos
没有成功，这是因为从docker1.3.2版本开始，使用registry时，必须使用TLS保证其安全。

docker 搭建registry

在/etc/docker/目录下，创建daemon.json文件。在文件中写入：

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{ "insecure-registries":["192.168.116.148:5000"] }
然后重启docker：
?
1
# systemctl restart docker

重新上传：

docker 搭建registry

接下来开始配置https

3、配置SSL证书及nginx反向代理docker registry

搭建私有CA，初始化CA环境，在/etc/pki/CA/下建立证书索引数据库文件index.txt和序列号文件serial，并为证书序列号文件提供初始值。

?
1
2
# touch /etc/pki/CA/{index.txt,serial}
# echo 01 > /etc/pki/CA/serial

生成密钥并保存到/etc/pki/CA/private/cakey.pem

?
1
# (umask 077;openssl genrsa -out  /etc/pki/CA/private/cakey.pem 2048)

生成根证书

?
1
# openssl req -new -x509 -key  /etc/pki/CA/private/cakey.pem -out /etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem -days 3650

需要填写的信息：

?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) []:China
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:Beijing
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:wts
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:sysops
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:hub.wts.com
Email Address []:admin@wts.com

使系统信任根证书

?
1
# cat /etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem >> /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt
安装nginx
安装过程略，安装路径为/app/nginx，需要安装openssl模块。
 
签发证书
创建ssl目录用来存放密钥文件和证书申请文件
?
1
# mkdir /app/nginx/conf/ssl

创建密钥文件和证书申请文件

?
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# (umask 077;openssl genrsa -out /app/nginx/conf/ssl/docker.key 2048)
# openssl req -new -key /app/nginx/conf/ssl/docker.key -out /app/nginx/conf/ssl/docker.csr

填写的申请信息前四项要和私有CA的信息一致

?
1
2
3
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5
6
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Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) []:China
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:Beijing
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:wts
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:sysops
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:hub.wts.com
Email Address []:admin@wts.com
 
Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:  #直接回车
An optional company name []:  #直接回车

签署，证书

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# openssl ca -in /app/nginx/conf/ssl/docker.csr -out /app/nginx/conf/ssl/docker.crt -days 3650
Using configuration from /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf
Check that the request matches the signature
Signature ok
Certificate Details:
        Serial Number: 1 (0x1)
        Validity
            Not Before: May 19 19:03:55 2017 GMT
            Not After : May 17 19:03:55 2027 GMT
        Subject:
            countryName               = CN
            stateOrProvinceName       = Beijing
            organizationName          = wts
            organizationalUnitName    = sysops
            commonName                = hub.wts.com
            emailAddress              = admin@wts.com
        X509v3 extensions:
            X509v3 Basic Constraints:
                CA:FALSE
            Netscape Comment:
                OpenSSL Generated Certificate
            X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:
                69:F0:D7:BF:B2:CE:6D:53:AA:1A:CD:E8:73:47:A7:9F:30:EA:17:F7
            X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:
                keyid:AF:E5:48:44:A3:18:59:38:D5:17:07:1B:1D:6F:32:F4:EC:1E:E0:E2
 
Certificate is to be certified until May 17 19:03:55 2027 GMT (3650 days)
Sign the certificate? [y/n]:y
 
1 out of 1 certificate requests certified, commit? [y/n]y
Write out database with 1 new entries
Data Base Updated

配置nginx反向代理docker registry

添加认证

?
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# yum -y install httpd-tools
# htpasswd -cb /app/nginx/conf/docker-registry.htpasswd admin admin

nginx相关配置：

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upstream docker-registry {
        server 127.0.0.1:5000;
    }
 
    server {
        listen       443;
        server_name  localhost;
 
        #charset koi8-r;
 
        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
        ssl                   on;
        ssl_certificate       /app/nginx/conf/ssl/docker.crt;
        ssl_certificate_key   /app/nginx/conf/ssl/docker.key;
        client_max_body_size 0;
        chunked_transfer_encoding on;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        add_header 'Docker-Distribution-Api-Version' 'registry/2.0' always;
 
        location / {
           auth_basic   "Docker registry";
               auth_basic_user_file /app/nginx/conf/docker-registry.htpasswd;
               proxy_pass  http://docker-registry;
        }
        location /_ping{
               auth_basic off;
               proxy_pass  http://docker-registry;
               }
        location /v2/_ping{
               auth_basic off;
               proxy_pass  http://docker-registry;
        }
}

重启nginx

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# /app/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
 
如果没有DNS解析内网域名，修改hosts文件
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3
# cat >>/etc/hosts <<EOF
192.168.116.148 hub.wts.com
EOF
重启docker
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# systemctl daemon-reload
# systemctl restart docker

登录

docker 搭建registry

上传镜像

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# docker pull nginx
# docker tag nginx 192.168.116.148:5000/nginx
# docker push 192.168.116.148:5000/nginx

查看

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# curl --user admin:admin  https://hub.wts.com/v2/_catalog
{"repositories":["centos","nginx"]}

局域网内其他机器认证（192.168.116.147 系统版本：CentOS6.5）

修改hosts文件
?
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2
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# cat >>/etc/hosts <<EOF
192.168.116.148 hub.wts.com
EOF

把CA的密钥发送到客户机，并添加到ca-bundle.crt

?
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# scp -p /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt  root@192.168.116.147:/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt
# scp -p /etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem root@192.168.116.147:/etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem
# cat /etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem >> /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt
重启docker
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# /etc/init.d/docker restart

登录

docker 搭建registry

下载镜像

docker 搭建registry

至此，私服基本上可以使用了。 

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