STL中的Set用法（详+转）

return 0;
}

set会对元素进行排序，那么问题也就出现了排序的规则是怎样的呢？上面的示例代码我们发现对int型的元素可以自动判断大小顺序，但是对char*就不会自动用strcmp进行判断了，更别说是用户自定义的类型了，事实上set的标准形式是set<Key, Compare, Alloc>，

下面给出一个关键字类型为char*的示例代码

#include<iostream>
#include<iterator>
#include<set>
using namespace std;
struct ltstr
{
bool operator() (const char* s1, const char* s2) const
{
   return strcmp(s1, s2) < 0;
}
};

int main()
{
const int N = 6;
const char* a[N] = {"isomer", "ephemeral", "prosaic", 
   "nugatory", "artichoke", "serif"};
const char* b[N] = {"flat", "this", "artichoke",
   "frigate", "prosaic", "isomer"};

set<const char*,ltstr> A(a, a + N);
set<const char*,ltstr> B(b, b + N);
set<const char*,ltstr> C;

cout << "Set A: ";
//copy(A.begin(), A.end(), ostream_iterator<const char*>(cout, " "));
set<const char*,ltstr>::iterator itr;
for(itr=A.begin();itr!=A.end();itr++) cout<<*itr<<" ";
cout << endl;
cout << "Set B: ";
copy(B.begin(), B.end(), ostream_iterator<const char*>(cout, " "));   
cout << endl;

cout << "Union: ";
set_union(A.begin(), A.end(), B.begin(), B.end(),
    ostream_iterator<const char*>(cout, " "),
    ltstr());   
cout << endl;

cout << "Intersection: ";
set_intersection(A.begin(), A.end(), B.begin(),B.end(),ostream_iterator<const char*>(cout," "),ltstr());
cout<<endl;
set_difference(A.begin(), A.end(), B.begin(), B.end(),inserter(C, C.begin()),ltstr());
cout << "Set C (difference of A and B): ";
copy(C.begin(), C.end(), ostream_iterator<const char*>(cout, " "));
cout <<endl;
return 0;
}

其中的ltstr也可以这样定义
class ltstr
{
        public:
        bool operator() (const char* s1,const char*s2)const
        {
                return strcmp(s1,s2)<0;
        }
};

更加通用的应用方式那就是数据类型也是由用户自定义的类来替代，比较的函数自定义，甚至可以加上二级比较，比如首先按照总分数排序，对于分数相同的按照id排序，下面是示例代码

#include<set>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
struct
{
                int id;
                int score;
                string name;
};
struct compare
{
        bool operator()(const Entity& e1,const Entity& e2)const   {
                if(e1.score<e2.score) return true;
                else
                        if(e1.score==e2.score)
                                if(e1.id<e2.id) return true;

                return false;
        }
};

int main()
{
        set<Entity,compare>s_test;
        Entity a,b,c;
        a.id=123;a.score=90;a.name="bill";
        b.id=121;b.score=85;b.name="mary";
        c.id=130;c.score=85;c.name="jerry";
        s_test.insert(a);s_test.insert(b);s_test.insert(c);
        set<Entity,compare>::iterator itr;
        cout<<"Score List(ordered by score): ";
        for(itr=s_test.begin();itr!=s_test.end();itr++)
                cout<<itr->id<<"---"<<itr->name<<"---"<<itr->score<<endl;
        return 0;
}