主程序

package com.test.mymediarecoder;

import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;

import java.io.IOException;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.media.MediaRecorder;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;

public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener {
    private Button mButtonRecoder;
    private Button mButtonPlay;
    private MediaRecorder recorder;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        mButtonRecoder = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button_recoder);
        mButtonRecoder.setOnClickListener(this);
        mButtonPlay = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button_play);
        mButtonPlay.setOnClickListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        switch (v.getId()) {
        case R.id.button_recoder:
            //查看api,api有示例
            recorder = new MediaRecorder();
            recorder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC);
            recorder.setOutputFormat(MediaRecorder.OutputFormat.THREE_GPP);
            recorder.setAudioEncoder(MediaRecorder.AudioEncoder.AMR_NB);
            recorder.setOutputFile(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/my.3gp");
            try {
                recorder.prepare();
                recorder.start();
            } catch (IllegalStateException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

            break;
        case R.id.button_play:
            recorder.stop();
            recorder.reset();
            recorder.release();
            break;
        default:
            break;
        }

    }

}

布局文件

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
     >

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button_recoder"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="录制" />
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button_play"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="停止" />
</LinearLayout>

权限的添加

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.test.mymediarecoder"
    android:versionCode="1"
    android:versionName="1.0" >
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO"/>
    <uses-sdk
        android:minSdkVersion="8"
        android:targetSdkVersion="21" />

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>