了解ASM(六)ASM文件管理
① ASM文件转化
以创建的asmtest表空间为例
㈠ 将os文件转换为ASM文件
sys@ORCL> create tablespace asmtest datafile size 10m; Tablespace created. sys@ORCL> alter tablespace asmtest offline; Tablespace altered. [oracle@localhost ~]$ rman target / RMAN> backup as copy tablespace asmtest format '+DATA'; RMAN> switch tablespace asmtest to copy; datafile 6 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/orcl/datafile/asmtest.256.798497595" sys@ORCL> alter tablespace asmtest online; Tablespace altered. sys@ORCL> select file_name from dba_data_files where tablespace_name='ASMTEST'; FILE_NAME ---------------------------------------------------------------- +DATA/orcl/datafile/asmtest.256.798497595 ASMCMD> mkalias ASMTEST.256.798497595 asmtest.dbf ASMCMD> ls -al Type Redund Striped Time Sys Name DATAFILE MIRROR COARSE NOV 04 20:00:00 Y +DATA/ORCL/DATAFILE/asmtest.dbf => ASMTEST.256.798497595 N asmtest.dbf => +DATA/ORCL/DATAFILE/ASMTEST.256.798497595
㈡ 将数据文件从一个diskgroup迁移到另一个diskgroup
idle> select file_id from dba_data_files where tablespace_name='ASMTEST'; FILE_ID ---------- 6 idle> alter tablespace asmtest offline; [oracle@localhost ~]$ rman target / RMAN> backup as copy datafile 6 format '+THINK'; RMAN> switch datafile 6 to copy; RMAN> recover datafile 6; RMAN> sql "alter tablespace asmtest online"; ASMCMD> find THINK/ * +THINK/ORCL/ +THINK/ORCL/DATAFILE/ +THINK/ORCL/DATAFILE/ASMTEST.256.798503425
㈢ 将ASM文件转发成OS文件
sys@ORCL> select file_name from dba_data_files where tablespace_name='ASMTEST'; FILE_NAME ---------------------------------------------------------------- +THINK/orcl/datafile/asmtest.256.798503425 sys@ORCL> alter tablespace asmtest offline; sys@ORCL> create directory ossrc as '/home/oracle'; sys@ORCL> create directory asmsrc as '+THINK/orcl/datafile'; sys@ORCL> begin 2 dbms_file_transfer.copy_file('ASMSRC','ASMTEST.256.798503425','OSSRC','ASM.DBF'); 3 end; 4 / PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. sys@ORCL> alter database rename file '+THINK/orcl/datafile/asmtest.256.798503425' to '/home/oracle/ASM.DBF'; [oracle@localhost ~]$ rman target / RMAN> recover datafile 6; RMAN> sql "alter tablespace asmtest online"; sys@ORCL> select file_name from dba_data_files where tablespace_name='ASMTEST'; FILE_NAME ---------------------------------------------------------------- /home/oracle/ASM.DBF
② ASM中的文件名
ASM文件名,诸如:
+THINK/orcl/datafile/asmtest.256.798503425
上述名称的生成格式为:
+diskgroup/dbname/file_type/file_type_tag.file.incarnation
● +diskgroup :磁盘组名称
● dbname :数据库的DB_UNIQUE_NAME参数值
● file_type :创建的文件类型,比如CONTROLFILE/DATAFILE/ONLINELOG/ARCHIVELOG/TEMPFILE/BACKUPSET/FLASHBACK等等
● file_type_tag :文件类型的标签,比如表空间对应的通常为该表空间名称
● file.incarnation :文件序号+incarnation,用来确保文件的唯一
文件创建时无法指定实际文件名及路径,完全由ORACLE的OMF控制和管理
例如:
sys@ORCL> alter tablespace asmtest add datafile '+DATA' size 10m; Tablespace altered.
如果设置了初始化参数db_create_file_dest,甚至连磁盘组名都不需要写了
其它类型文件,比如重做日志文件等,操作方式都是同理的
但像trace文件、alert文件、dump文件等还不能直接被存储到ASM中