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Java对象的序列化和反序列化

分类: IT文章 • 2024-06-12 20:56:24

一. 序列化和反序列化的概念

　　序列化：将对象转换成字节序列的过程称为对象的序列化。

　　反序列化：将字节序列恢复成对象的过程称为对象的反序列化。

二. 什么时候需要序列化

　　对象序列化的场景

　　1) 需要将内存中对象的字节序列永久化保存到磁盘中，通常是放在一个文件中；

　　2) 在网络上传送对象的字节序列到任何其他程序。

三. 如何进行序列化和反序列化

　　序列化的步骤：

　　1）创建一个对象输出流ObjectOutputStream ，它可以包装一个目标对象的输出流，比如文件输出流；

　　2）使用对象输出流的writeObject()方法写对象。

　　反序列化的步骤：

　　1）创建一个对象输入流ObjectInputStream，它可以包装成一个目标对象的输入流，比如文件输入流；

　　2）使用对象输入流的readObject()方法读对象。

四. 序列化在项目中的应用

 1 import java.io.Serializable;
 2 
 3 public class Student implements Serializable {
 4 
 5     private String name;
 6     private int age;
 7 
 8     public String getName() {
 9         return name;
10     }
11 
12     public void setName(String name) {
13         this.name = name;
14     }
15 
16     public int getAge() {
17         return age;
18     }
19 
20     public void setAge(int age) {
21         this.age = age;
22     }
23 }
 1 import com.abc.bean.Student;
 2 import org.junit.Test;
 3 
 4 import java.io.*;
 5 
 6 public class TestSerializeAndDeserizlize {
 7 
 8     /**
 9      *  序列化
10      */
11     @Test
12     public void testSerialize() throws IOException {
13         Student student = new Student();
14         student.setName("天使");
15         student.setAge(1);
16         // 对象输出流
17         ObjectOutputStream oo = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(new File("E:/student.txt")));
18         oo.writeObject(student);
19         System.out.println("Student对象序列化成功");
20     }
21 
22     @Test
23     public void testDeserrialize() throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
24         // 对象输入流
25         ObjectInputStream oi = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream(new File("E:/student.txt")));
26         Student student = (Student) oi.readObject();
27         System.out.println(student.getAge());
28         System.out.println(student.getName());
29         System.out.println("student对象反序列化成功");
30 
31     }
32 }
# 控制台输出
"C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_261injava.exe" -agentlib:jdwp=transport=dt_socket,address=127.0.0.1:50887,suspend=y,server=n -ea -Didea.test.cyclic.buffer.size=1048576 -javaagent:C:UsersAdministratorAppDataLocalJetBrainsIntelliJIdea2020.2captureAgentdebugger-agent.jar -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath "D:IntelliJ IDEA 2020.2libidea_rt.jar;D:IntelliJ IDEA 2020.2pluginsjunitlibjunit5-rt.jar;D:IntelliJ IDEA 2020.2pluginsjunitlibjunit-rt.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_261jrelibcharsets.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_261jrelibdeploy.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_261jrelibextaccess-bridge-64.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_261jrelibextcldrdata.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_261jrelibextdnsns.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_261jrelibextjaccess.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_261jrelibextjfxrt.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_261jrelibextlocaledata.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_261jrelibext
ashorn.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_261jrelibextsunec.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_261jrelibextsunjce_provider.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_261jrelibextsunmscapi.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_261jrelibextsunpkcs11.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_261jrelibextzipfs.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_261jrelibjavaws.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_261jrelibjce.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_261jrelibjfr.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_261jrelibjfxswt.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_261jrelibjsse.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_261jrelibmanagement-agent.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_261jrelibplugin.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_261jrelib
esources.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_261jrelib
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epositoryorgapache	omcat	omcat-annotations-api9.0.39	omcat-annotations-api-9.0.39.jar;D:apache-maven-3.6.3
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Connected to the target VM, address: '127.0.0.1:50887', transport: 'socket'
1
天使
student对象反序列化成功
Student对象序列化成功
Disconnected from the target VM, address: '127.0.0.1:50887', transport: 'socket'

Process finished with exit code 0

 参考博客：

　　https://www.cnblogs.com/xdp-gacl/p/3777987.html

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