使用jacob调用Windows的com对象,变换Office文件为pdf、html等

使用jacob调用Windows的com对象,转换Office文件为pdf、html等

1、介绍


     Jacob 是Java-COM Bridge的缩写,它在Java与微软的COM组件之间构建一座桥梁。使用Jacob自带的DLL动态链接库,并通过JNI的方式实现了在Java平台上对COM程序的调用。至于什么是COM组件,大家自己Google吧。

2、安装和配置

    Jacob是一个开源软件,它的官方站点是:http://danadler.com/jacob/ 大家可以到上面下载源代码研究,也可以直接下载编译后的二进制文件。

    下载包jacob_x.x.zip,解压后有几个文件:jacob.jar、jacob-x.x-M2-x86.dll
    把jacob-x.x-M2-x86.dll拷贝到%JAVA_HOME% 下的 bin 目录下,其中,%JAVA_HOME%就是JDK的安装目录。接着直接在java IDE中引用jacob.jar就可以使用了。
     

3、转换word为pdf、html、txt 的示例

package com.shanhy.demo.windowsoffice;

import java.io.File;

import com.jacob.activeX.ActiveXComponent;
import com.jacob.com.ComThread;
import com.jacob.com.Dispatch;
import com.jacob.com.Variant;

/**
 *
 * 将jacob.dll放入JDK的bin目录下
 * 把jacob.jar放入项目的buildPath中(web项目放到WEB-INF\lib目录下)
 * 
 * @author 单红宇
 *
 */
public class ConvertToPdf {

	// WORD 转换文档格式参数值:17为pdf,8为html,2为txt(支持的格式不限与此,其他格式暂为列出)
	static final int wdFormatPDF = 17;// PDF 格式
	static final int wdFormatHTML = 8;// HTML 格式
	static final int wdFormatTXT = 2;// TXT 格式

	/**
	 * Word文档转换
	 * 
	 * @param fromfileName
	 * @param toFileName
	 * @author SHANHY
	 */
	public void wordConvert(String fromfileName, String toFileName) {
		System.out.println("启动Word...");
		ComThread.InitSTA();  
		
		long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
		ActiveXComponent app = null;
		Dispatch doc = null;
		try {
			app = new ActiveXComponent("Word.Application");//创建一个word对象
			app.setProperty("Visible", new Variant(false)); //不可见打开word
			app.setProperty("AutomationSecurity", new Variant(3)); //禁用宏
			Dispatch docs = app.getProperty("Documents").toDispatch();//获取文挡属性
			
			System.out.println("打开文档 >>> " + fromfileName);
			//Object[]第三个参数是表示“是否只读方式打开”
			doc = Dispatch.invoke(docs, "Open", Dispatch.Method, 
					new Object[] { fromfileName, new Variant(false), new Variant(true) }, new int[1]).toDispatch();
			File tofile = new File(toFileName);
			if (tofile.exists()) {
				tofile.delete();
			}
			int formatValue = -1;
			if(toFileName.toLowerCase().endsWith(".pdf")){
				formatValue = wdFormatPDF;
			}else if(toFileName.toLowerCase().endsWith(".html")){
				formatValue = wdFormatHTML;
			}else if(toFileName.toLowerCase().endsWith(".txt")){
				formatValue = wdFormatTXT;
			}else{
				formatValue = -1;
			}
			if(formatValue != -1){
				System.out.println("转换文档 ["+fromfileName+"] >>> ["+toFileName+"]"); 
				Dispatch.invoke(doc, "SaveAs", Dispatch.Method, 
						new Object[] { toFileName, new Variant(formatValue) }, new int[1]);
			}else{
				System.out.println("转换文件到目标文档不被支持!["+fromfileName+"] >>> ["+toFileName+"]"); 
			}
			
			long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
			
			System.out.println("用时:" + (end - start) + "ms.");
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			System.out.println("========Error:文档转换失败:" + e.getMessage());
		} finally {
			Dispatch.call(doc, "Close", false);
			System.out.println("关闭文档");
			if (app != null)
				app.invoke("Quit", new Variant[] {});
		}
		// 如果没有这句话,winword.exe进程将不会关闭
		ComThread.Release();  
        ComThread.quitMainSTA();  
	}
	
	/**
	 * PPT(PowerPoint)文档转换
	 * 
	 * @param fromfileName
	 * @param toFileName
	 * @author SHANHY
	 */
	public void pptConvert(String fromfileName, String toFileName) {
		System.out.println("启动PPT...");
		ComThread.InitSTA();  
		
		long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
		ActiveXComponent app = null;
		Dispatch doc = null;
		try {
			app = new ActiveXComponent("Word.Application");//创建一个word对象
			app.setProperty("Visible", new Variant(false)); //不可见打开word
			app.setProperty("AutomationSecurity", new Variant(3)); //禁用宏
			Dispatch docs = app.getProperty("Documents").toDispatch();//获取文挡属性
			
			System.out.println("打开文档 >>> " + fromfileName);
			//Object[]第三个参数是表示“是否只读方式打开”
			doc = Dispatch.invoke(docs, "Open", Dispatch.Method, 
					new Object[] { fromfileName, new Variant(false), new Variant(true) }, new int[1]).toDispatch();
			File tofile = new File(toFileName);
			if (tofile.exists()) {
				tofile.delete();
			}
			int formatValue = -1;
			if(toFileName.toLowerCase().endsWith(".pdf")){
				formatValue = wdFormatPDF;
			}else if(toFileName.toLowerCase().endsWith(".html")){
				formatValue = wdFormatHTML;
			}else if(toFileName.toLowerCase().endsWith(".txt")){
				formatValue = wdFormatTXT;
			}else{
				formatValue = -1;
			}
			if(formatValue != -1){
				System.out.println("转换文档 ["+fromfileName+"] >>> ["+toFileName+"]"); 
				Dispatch.invoke(doc, "SaveAs", Dispatch.Method, 
						new Object[] { toFileName, new Variant(formatValue) }, new int[1]);
			}else{
				System.out.println("转换文件到目标文档不被支持!["+fromfileName+"] >>> ["+toFileName+"]"); 
			}
			
			long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
			
			System.out.println("用时:" + (end - start) + "ms.");
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			System.out.println("========Error:文档转换失败:" + e.getMessage());
		} finally {
			Dispatch.call(doc, "Close", false);
			System.out.println("关闭文档");
			if (app != null)
				app.invoke("Quit", new Variant[] {});
		}
		// 如果没有这句话,winword.exe进程将不会关闭
		ComThread.Release();  
		ComThread.quitMainSTA();  
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ConvertToPdf d = new ConvertToPdf();
		d.wordConvert("g:\\test.docx", "g:\\test.pdf");
	}

}

读、写Word的简单示例

import com.jacob.activeX.ActiveXComponent; 
import com.jacob.com.Variant; 
import com.jacob.com.Dispatch; 

public class Word { 

    String strDir = "c:jacob_1.9"; 
    String strInputDoc = strDir + "file_in.doc"; 
    String strOutputDoc = strDir + "file_out.doc"; 
    String strOldText = "[label:import:1]"; 
    String strNewText = 
            "I am some horribly long sentence, so long that [insert anything]"; 
    boolean isVisible = true; 
    boolean isSaveOnExit = true; 

    public Word() { 
        ActiveXComponent oWord = new ActiveXComponent("Word.Application"); 
        oWord.setProperty("Visible", new Variant(isVisible)); 
        Dispatch oDocuments = oWord.getProperty("Documents").toDispatch(); 
        Dispatch oDocument = Dispatch.call(oDocuments, "Open", strInputDoc). 
                             toDispatch(); 
        Dispatch oSelection = oWord.getProperty("Selection").toDispatch(); 
        Dispatch oFind = oWord.call(oSelection, "Find").toDispatch(); 
        Dispatch.put(oFind, "Text", strOldText); 
        Dispatch.call(oFind, "Execute"); 
        Dispatch.put(oSelection, "Text", strNewText); 
        Dispatch.call(oSelection, "MoveDown"); 
        Dispatch.put(oSelection, "Text", 
                     "nSo we got the next line including BR.n"); 

        Dispatch oFont = Dispatch.get(oSelection, "Font").toDispatch(); 
        Dispatch.put(oFont, "Bold", "1"); 
        Dispatch.put(oFont, "Italic", "1"); 
        Dispatch.put(oFont, "Underline", "0"); 

        Dispatch oAlign = Dispatch.get(oSelection, "ParagraphFormat"). 
                          toDispatch(); 
        Dispatch.put(oAlign, "Alignment", "3"); 
        Dispatch oWordBasic = (Dispatch) Dispatch.call(oWord, "WordBasic"). 
                              getDispatch(); 
        Dispatch.call(oWordBasic, "FileSaveAs", strOutputDoc); 
        Dispatch.call(oDocument, "Close", new Variant(isSaveOnExit)); 
        oWord.invoke("Quit", new Variant[0]); 
    } 

    public static void main(String[] args) { 
        Word word = new Word(); 
    } 
} 

4、jacob.jar的结构

jacob包括两个部分:

    com.jacob.activeX: ActiveXComponent类
    com.jacob.com: 其它类和元素

5、Jacob类

Jacob的结构很简单,包含以下几个类:

    ActiveXComponent Class:封装了Dispatch对象,用于创建一个封装了COM组件对象的Java Object
    Dispatch Class:用于指向封装后的MS数据结构。常用的方法有call,subcall,get,invoke…后面会介绍使用方法。
    Variant Class:用于映射COM的Variant数据类型。提供Java和COM的数据交换。

ComException Class:异常类

6、Jacob方法

用于访问COM/DLL对象的方法,读取、修改COM/DLL对象的属性。

    call method:属于Dispatch类。用于访问COM/DLL对象的方法。方法进行了重载,方便不同场合调用。返回一个Variant类型的值。
    callSub method:使用方法和call一样,不过它不返回值。
    get method:读取COM对象的属性值,返回一个Variant类型值。
    put method:设置COM对象的属性值。
    invoke method:call的另一种用法,更复杂一些。
    invokesub method:subcall的另一种用法
    getProperty method:属于ActiveXComponent类,读取属性值,返回一个Variant类型值。

setProperty method:属于ActiveXComponent类,设置属性值。

要注意一点:在使用Jacob时,很重要的一点是,用户必须安装有Office的应用程序。否则也就无法建立Java-COM桥,进而无法解析了。

7、最后列一下ActiveX 控件名称


MS控件名

a1的值

InternetExplorer

InternetExplorer.Application

Excel

Excel.Application

Word

Word.Application

Powerpoint

Powerpoint.Application

vb/java Script

ScriptControl

windows media Player

WMPlayer.OCX

Outlook

Outlook.Application

Visio

Visio.Application

DAO

DAO.PrivateDBEngine.35

MultiFace

MultiFace.Face




















部分内容参考: http://www.cnblogs.com/vulcans/archive/2009/09/08/1562588.html