修改结果集(使用游标?),该怎么解决
修改结果集(使用游标?)
现在查询的结果集如下:
departid name
1 alex
1 david
2 susan
2 linda
想把结果集变成如下形式:
deartid name
1 alex,david
2 susan,linda
求指点?
是否用到游标和临时表?
------解决方案--------------------
现在查询的结果集如下:
departid name
1 alex
1 david
2 susan
2 linda
想把结果集变成如下形式:
deartid name
1 alex,david
2 susan,linda
求指点?
是否用到游标和临时表?
------解决方案--------------------
- SQL code
有表tb, 如下: id value 1 aa 1 bb 2 aaa 2 bbb 2 ccc 需要得到结果: id values 1 aa,bb 2 aaa,bbb,ccc 即,group by id, 求value 的和(字符串相加) 1. 旧的解决方法 -- 1. 创建处理函数 CREATE FUNCTION dbo.f_str(@id int) RETURNS varchar(8000) AS BEGIN DECLARE @r varchar(8000) SET @r = '' SELECT @r = @r + ',' + value FROM tb WHERE id=@id RETURN STUFF(@r, 1, 1, '') END GO -- 调用函数 SELECt id, values=dbo.f_str(id) FROM tb GROUP BY id -- 2. 新的解决方法 -- 示例数据 DECLARE @t TABLE(id int, value varchar(10)) INSERT @t SELECT 1, 'aa' UNION ALL SELECT 1, 'bb' UNION ALL SELECT 2, 'aaa' UNION ALL SELECT 2, 'bbb' UNION ALL SELECT 2, 'ccc' -- 查询处理 SELECT *FROM (SELECT DISTINCT Id FROM @t)A OUTER APPLY( SELECT [values]= STUFF(REPLACE(REPLACE( ( SELECT value FROM @t N WHERE id = A.id FOR XML AUTO ), '<N value="', ','), '"/>', ''), 1, 1, '') )N /*--结果 id values ----------- ---------------- 1 aa,bb 2 aaa,bbb,ccc (2 行受影响) --*/
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- SQL code
--> 测试数据:[tbl] if object_id('[tbl]') is not null drop table [tbl] create table [tbl]([id] int,[value] varchar(5)) insert [tbl] select 1,'alex' union all select 1,'david' union all select 2,'susan' union all select 2,'linda' -- 1. 创建处理函数 GO CREATE FUNCTION dbo.f_str(@id int) RETURNS varchar(8000) AS BEGIN DECLARE @r varchar(8000) SET @r = '' SELECT @r = @r + ',' + value FROM [tbl] WHERE id=@id RETURN STUFF(@r, 1, 1, '') END GO -- 调用函数 SELECt id, [value]=dbo.f_str(id) FROM [tbl] GROUP BY id /* id value 1 alex,david 2 susan,linda */
------解决方案--------------------
- SQL code
/****************************************************************************************************************************************************** 合并分拆表数据 整理人:中国风(Roy) 日期:2008.06.06 ******************************************************************************************************************************************************/ --> --> (Roy)生成測試數據 if not object_id('Tab') is null drop table Tab Go Create table Tab([Col1] int,[Col2] nvarchar(1)) Insert Tab select 1,N'a' union all select 1,N'b' union all select 1,N'c' union all select 2,N'd' union all select 2,N'e' union all select 3,N'f' Go 合并表: SQL2000用函数: go if object_id('F_Str') is not null drop function F_Str go create function F_Str(@Col1 int) returns nvarchar(100) as begin declare @S nvarchar(100) select @S=isnull(@S+',','')+Col2 from Tab where Col1=@Col1 return @S end go Select distinct Col1,Col2=dbo.F_Str(Col1) from Tab go SQL2005用XML: 方法1: select a.Col1,Col2=stuff(b.Col2.value('/R[1]','nvarchar(max)'),1,1,'') from (select distinct COl1 from Tab) a Cross apply (select COl2=(select N','+Col2 from Tab where Col1=a.COl1 For XML PATH(''), ROOT('R'), TYPE))b 方法2: select a.Col1,COl2=replace(b.Col2.value('/Tab[1]','nvarchar(max)'),char(44)+char(32),char(44)) from (select distinct COl1 from Tab) a cross apply (select Col2=(select COl2 from Tab where COl1=a.COl1 FOR XML AUTO, TYPE) .query(' <Tab> {for $i in /Tab[position() <last()]/@COl2 return concat(string($i),",")} {concat("",string(/Tab[last()]/@COl2))} </Tab>') )b SQL05用CTE: ;with roy as(select Col1,Col2,row=row_number()over(partition by COl1 order by COl1) from Tab) ,Roy2 as (select COl1,cast(COl2 as nvarchar(100))COl2,row from Roy where row=1 union all select a.Col1,cast(b.COl2+','+a.COl2 as nvarchar(100)),a.row from Roy a join Roy2 b on a.COl1=b.COl1 and a.row=b.row+1) select Col1,Col2 from Roy2 a where row=(select max(row) from roy where Col1=a.COl1) order by Col1 option (MAXRECURSION 0) 生成结果: /* Col1 COl2 ----------- ------------ 1 a,b,c 2 d,e 3 f (3 行受影响) */ --参考 拆分表: --> --> (Roy)生成測試數據 if not object_id('Tab') is null drop table Tab Go Create table Tab([Col1] int,[COl2] nvarchar(5)) Insert Tab select 1,N'a,b,c' union all select 2,N'd,e' union all select 3,N'f' Go --SQL2000用辅助表: if object_id('Tempdb..#Num') is not null drop table #Num go select top 100 ID=Identity(int,1,1) into #Num from syscolumns a,syscolumns b Select a.Col1,COl2=substring(a.Col2,b.ID,charindex(',',a.Col2+',',b.ID)-b.ID) from Tab a,#Num b where charindex(',',','+a.Col2,b.ID)=b.ID --也可用 substring(','+a.COl2,b.ID,1)=',' --2000不使用辅助表 Select a.Col1,COl2=substring(a.Col2,b.number,charindex(',',a.Col2+',',b.number)-b.number) from Tab a join master..spt_values b ON B.type='p' AND B.number BETWEEN 1 AND LEN(A.col2) where substring(','+a.COl2,b.number,1)=',' SQL2005用Xml: select a.COl1,b.Col2 from (select Col1,COl2=convert(xml,'<root><v>'+replace(COl2,',','</v><v>')+'</v></root>') from Tab)a outer apply (select Col2=C.v.value('.','nvarchar(100)') from a.COl2.nodes('/root/v')C(v))b SQL05用CTE: ;with roy as (select Col1,COl2=cast(left(Col2,charindex(',',Col2+',')-1) as nvarchar(100)),Split=cast(stuff(COl2+',',1,charindex(',',Col2+','),'') as nvarchar(100)) from Tab union all select Col1,COl2=cast(left(Split,charindex(',',Split)-1) as nvarchar(100)),Split= cast(stuff(Split,1,charindex(',',Split),'') as nvarchar(100)) from Roy where split>'' ) select COl1,COl2 from roy order by COl1 option (MAXRECURSION 0) 生成结果: /* Col1 COl2 ----------- ----- 1 a 1 b 1 c 2 d 2 e 3 f */