Hibernate 联系关系映射之多对一
Hibernate的关联映射包括:
一对一(Persion - IDCard)
一对多(Department - Employee)
多对一(Employee - Department)
多对多(Teacher - Student)
组件映射(User - Name)
集合映射(Set、List、Map)
inverse和cascade(Employee - Department)
本文以多对一为例:
多个员工对应一个部门(Employee - Department)
映射文件 <many-to-one name="depart" column="depart_id">
实体类:Department.java 和 Employee.java
package com.cos.entity; /** * 部门 * @author wangjy */ public class Department { private int id; private String name; public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } }
package com.cos.entity; /** * 员工 * @author wangjy */ public class Employee { private int id; private String name; private Department dept; public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public Department getDept() { return dept; } public void setDept(Department dept) { this.dept = dept; } }
映射文件:Department.hbm.xml 和 Employee.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping package="com.cos.entity"> <class name="Department" lazy="true"> <id name="id"> <generator class="native"/> </id> <property name="name"/> </class> </hibernate-mapping>
<?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping> <class name="com.cos.entity.Employee" lazy="true"> <id name="id"> <generator class="native"/> </id> <property name="name"/> <many-to-one name="dept"/> </class> </hibernate-mapping>
Hibernate配置文件:hibernate.cfg.xml
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-configuration> <session-factory> <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property> <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql:///hi</property> <property name="hibernate.connection.username"></property> <property name="hibernate.connection.password"></property> <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property> <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">create</property> <property name="show_sql">true</property> <mapping resource="com/cos/entity/Employee.hbm.xml"/> <mapping resource="com/cos/entity/Department.hbm.xml"/> </session-factory> </hibernate-configuration>
工具类:HibernateUtil.java
package com.cos.util; import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration; public final class HibernateUtil { private static SessionFactory sesseionFactory; static { Configuration conf = new Configuration(); conf.configure(); sesseionFactory = conf.buildSessionFactory(); } public static SessionFactory getSesseionFactory() { return sesseionFactory; } }
测试类:
package com.cos.main; import org.hibernate.Session; import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; import org.hibernate.Transaction; import com.cos.entity.Department; import com.cos.entity.Employee; import com.cos.util.HibernateUtil; public class Many2One { public static void main(String[] args) { add(); } public static void add(){ SessionFactory sessionFactory = null; Session s = null; Transaction t = null; try{ sessionFactory = HibernateUtil.getSesseionFactory(); s = sessionFactory.openSession(); t = s.beginTransaction(); Department dept = new Department(); dept.setName("dept name 2"); Employee emp = new Employee(); emp.setName("emp name 2"); emp.setDept(dept); s.save(dept); s.save(emp); t.commit(); s.close(); sessionFactory.close(); }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } }
表结构:department表 和employee表
CREATE TABLE `department` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment, `name` varchar(255) default NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 CREATE TABLE `employee` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment, `name` varchar(255) default NULL, `dept` int(11) default NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`), KEY `FK4AFD4ACE66A70F4E` (`dept`), CONSTRAINT `FK4AFD4ACE66A70F4E` FOREIGN KEY (`dept`) REFERENCES `department` (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
mysql> desc department;
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| name | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
mysql> desc employee;
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| name | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| dept | int(11) | YES | MUL | NULL | |
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+