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unittest接口自动化测试

分类: IT文章 • 2023-12-14 20:15:55

我又来了，来分享年前的unittest接口自动化实战啦。这次自动化接口框架比较简单，但是五脏俱全。(注:项目是针对我们公司内部系统的测试，我就不分享链接了。）

项目简介

项目名称：****名片系统

项目目的：实现系统项目自动化测试执行

项目版本：v1.0

项目目录

tools  #存放辅助方法
   configEmail.py   #发送测试报告电子邮件
　　HTMLTestRunner.py #第三方插件
　　log.py #输出日志文件
　　mail_receiver.txt #存放接收人邮箱地址
　　read_json.py #读取单一测试数据json文件
　　read_more_json #读取more测试数据json文件
report #存放html测试报告
unittest接口自动化测试
logs  #存放输入日志文件
unittest接口自动化测试
data  #存放参数化测试数据（json文件）
unittest接口自动化测试
case  #存放测试用例
unittest接口自动化测试
api   #存放封装测试方法
unittest接口自动化测试

caselist.txt    #存放要执行的测试用例

getpathInfo.py    #获取当前路径

runAll.py    #运行caselist.txt中的测试用例，输出测试报告　

项目框架

unittest单元测试框架

项目设计

1.每一个用例组合在一个测试类里面生成一个py文件

2.一个模块（被测项目功能）对应一个py文件及一个测试类（测试文件）

3.通过 parameterized 对参数进行参数化

项目目标

1. 生成测试用例执行结果报告

2.生成测试用例执行日志

3.用例执行失败或者执行完成后自动发送邮件报告

4.数据驱动（读取测试数据，减少脚本维护成本）

项目代码

  getpathInfo.py   #获取当前路径

import os

def get_Path():
    #获取上级路径
    #path = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.getcwd(), ".."))
    #获取当前路径
    path = os.path.split(os.path.realpath(__file__))[0]
    return path

if __name__ == '__main__':# 执行该文件，测试下是否OK
    print('测试路径是否OK,路径为：', get_Path())
getpathInfo.py

  caselist.txt  #存放可执行测试用例

  runAll.py   #运行文件

import os
import time

from BeautifulReport import BeautifulReport

import getpathInfo
import tools.HTMLTestRunner as HTMLTestRunner
import unittest
from tools.configEmail import send_email, getReceiverInfo
import tools.Log

path = getpathInfo.get_Path()
report_path = os.path.join(path, 'report')
log = tools.Log.logger

class AllTest:#定义一个类AllTest
    def __init__(self):#初始化一些参数和数据
        global resultPath
        resultPath = os.path.join(report_path)
        self.caseListFile = os.path.join(path, "caselist.txt")#配置执行哪些测试文件的配置文件路径
        self.caseFile = os.path.join(path, "case")#真正的测试断言文件路径
        self.caseList = []
        log.info('resultPath'+resultPath)#将resultPath的值输入到日志，方便定位查看问题
        log.info('caseListFile'+self.caseListFile)#同理
        log.info('caseList'+str(self.caseList))#同理

    def set_case_list(self):
        """
        读取caselist.txt文件中的用例名称，并添加到caselist元素组
        :return:
        """
        fb = open(self.caseListFile)
        for value in fb.readlines():
            data = str(value)
            if data != '' and not data.startswith("#"):# 如果data非空且不以#开头
                self.caseList.append(data.replace("
", ""))#读取每行数据会将换行转换为
，去掉每行数据中的

        fb.close()

    def set_case_suite(self):
        """
        :return:
        """
        self.set_case_list()#通过set_case_list()拿到caselist元素组
        test_suite = unittest.TestSuite()
        suite_module = []
        for case in self.caseList:#从caselist元素组中循环取出case
            case_name = case.split("/")[-1]#通过split函数来将aaa/bbb分割字符串，-1取后面，0取前面
            print(case_name+".py")#打印出取出来的名称
            #批量加载用例，第一个参数为用例存放路径，第一个参数为路径文件名
            discover = unittest.defaultTestLoader.discover(self.caseFile, pattern=case_name + '.py', top_level_dir=None)
            suite_module.append(discover)#将discover存入suite_module元素组
            print('suite_module:'+str(suite_module))
        if len(suite_module) > 0:#判断suite_module元素组是否存在元素
            for suite in suite_module:#如果存在，循环取出元素组内容，命名为suite
                for test_name in suite:#从discover中取出test_name，使用addTest添加到测试集
                    test_suite.addTest(test_name)
        else:
            print('else:')
            return None
        return test_suite#返回测试集

    def run(self):
        """
        run test
        :return:
        """
        try:
            suit = self.set_case_suite()#调用set_case_suite获取test_suite
            print('try')
            print(str(suit))
            if suit is not None:#判断test_suite是否为空
                print('if-suit')
                currTime = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H_%M_%S')
                filename = currTime + '.html'
                # currTime = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H_%M_%S')
                # fileName = report_path + r'
eport'+ currTime + '.html'
                result = BeautifulReport(suit)
                result.report(filename= filename, description='接口测试报告')
                # fp = open(fileName, 'wb')
                # runner = HTMLTestRunner.HTMLTestReportCN 
                #     (stream=fp, title='自动化接口测试报告',
                #         description='处理器:Intel(R) Core(TM) '
                #                     'i5-5200U CPU @ 2.20GHz 2.20 GHz '
                #                     '内存:8G 系统类型: 64位 版本: windows 10 专业版')
                # runner.run(suit)
            else:
                print("Have no case to test.")
        except Exception as ex:
            print(str(ex))
            #log.info(str(ex))

        finally:
            print("*********TEST END*********")
            #log.info("*********TEST END*********")
            #fp.close()
        #发送测试邮件
        # read_msg = getReceiverInfo(
        #     r'F:python_testAutomation_interfaceTest	oolsmail_receiver.txt')
        # sendmail = send_email(read_msg)
        # sendmail.sendEmail(fileName)
# pythoncom.CoInitialize()
# scheduler = BlockingScheduler()
# scheduler.add_job(AllTest().run, 'cron', day_of_week='1-5', hour=14, minute=59)
# scheduler.start()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    AllTest().run()
runall.py

  tools   #辅助方法

  configEmail.py  # 发送邮件

import os
import smtplib


import getpathInfo
from tools.Log import Logger
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.header import Header
log = Logger(__name__)
path = getpathInfo.get_Path()
report_path = os.path.join(path, 'report')  # 存放测试报告文件的路径
mail_path = os.path.join(path,'tools')#存放收件人地址文件路径
class send_email():
    '''
        邮件配置信息
        '''

    def __init__(self,
                 receiver,
                 subject='*******',
                 server='smtp.qq.com',
                 fromuser='******',
                 frompassword='yjkxwfmrbumrbbce',
                 sender='*******'):
        """
        :param receiver:
        :param subject:
        :param server:
        :param fromuser:
        :param frompassword:
        :param sender:
        """

        self._server = server
        self._fromuser = fromuser
        self._frompassword = frompassword
        self._sender = sender
        self._receiver = receiver
        self._subject = subject

    def sendEmail(self, fileName):
        """
        :param filename:
        :return:
        """
        #   打开报告文件读取文件内容
        try:
            f = open(os.path.join(report_path, fileName), 'rb')
            fileMsg = f.read()
        except Exception:
            log.logger.exception(
                'open or read file [%s] failed,No such file or directory: %s' % (fileName, report_path))
            log.logger.info('open and read file [%s] successed!' % fileName)
        else:
            f.close()
            #   邮件主题
            subject = 'Python test report'  #
            #   邮件设置
            msg = MIMEText(fileMsg, 'html', 'utf-8')
            msg['subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8')
            msg['from'] = self._sender
            #   连接服务器，登录服务器，发送邮件
            try:
                smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
                smtp.connect(self._server)
                smtp.login(self._fromuser, self._frompassword)
            except Exception:
                log.logger.exception('connect [%s] server failed or username and password incorrect!' % smtp)
            else:
                log.logger.info('email server [%s] login success!' % smtp)
                try:
                    smtp.sendmail(self._sender, self._receiver, msg.as_string())
                except Exception:
                    log.logger.exception('send email failed!')
                else:
                    log.logger.info('send email successed!')


#   从文件中读取邮件接收人信息
def getReceiverInfo(fileName):
    '''
    :param filename: 读取接收邮件人信息
    :return: 接收邮件人信息
    '''
    try:
        openFile = open(os.path.join(mail_path, fileName))
    except Exception:
        log.logger.exception('open or read file [%s] failed,No such file or directory: %s' % (fileName, mail_path))
    else:
        log.logger.info('open file [%s] successed!' % fileName)
        for line in openFile:
            msg = [i.strip() for i in line.split(',')]
            log.logger.info('reading [%s] and got receiver value is [%s]' % (fileName, msg))
            return msg


if __name__ == '__main__':# 运营此文件来验证写的send_email是否正确
    readMsg = getReceiverInfo('mail_receiver.txt')
    sendmail = send_email(readMsg)
    sendmail.sendEmail('report.html')
configEmail.py 
HTMLTestRunner.py #第三方插件
log.py #输出日志文件
import os
import logging
import time
from logging.handlers import TimedRotatingFileHandler
import getpathInfo

path = getpathInfo.get_Path()
log_path = os.path.join(path, 'logs')  # 存放log文件的路径

class Logger(object):
    def __init__(self, logger_name='logs…'):
        self.logger = logging.getLogger(logger_name)
        logging.root.setLevel(logging.NOTSET)
        currTime = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d")
        self.log_file_name = currTime+'logs'  # 日志文件的名称
        self.backup_count = 5  # 最多存放日志的数量
        # 日志输出级别
        self.console_output_level = 'WARNING'
        self.file_output_level = 'DEBUG'
        # 日志输出格式
        self.formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')

    def get_logger(self):
        """在logger中添加日志句柄并返回，如果logger已有句柄，则直接返回"""
        if not self.logger.handlers:  # 避免重复日志
            console_handler = logging.StreamHandler()
            console_handler.setFormatter(self.formatter)
            console_handler.setLevel(self.console_output_level)
            self.logger.addHandler(console_handler)

            # 每天重新创建一个日志文件，最多保留backup_count份
            file_handler = TimedRotatingFileHandler(filename=os.path.join(log_path, self.log_file_name), when='D',
                                                    interval=1, backupCount=self.backup_count, delay=True,
                                                    encoding='utf-8')
            file_handler.setFormatter(self.formatter)
            file_handler.setLevel(self.file_output_level)
            self.logger.addHandler(file_handler)
        return self.logger


logger = Logger().get_logger()
log.py

　mail_receiver.txt  #存放接受人邮箱地址

　read_json.py   # 读取单一测试数据 

import json
import getpathInfo

import os


class ReadJson(object):
    def __init__(self,filename):
        path = getpathInfo.get_Path()
        self.filepath = os.path.join(path, 'data')+"/"+filename

    def read_json(self):
         with open(self.filepath, "r", encoding="utf-8")as f:
            # 调用load方法加载文件流
            return json.load(f)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    data = ReadJson("updateuserpwd.json").read_json()
    arrs = []
    arrs.append((data.get("url"),
                data.get("userId"),
                data.get("data"),
                data.get("success"),
                data.get("message")))
    print(arrs)
read_json.py

　read_more_json.py   # 读取more测试数据 

import json


class ReadJson(object):
    def __init__(self,filename):
        self.filepath = '../data/' +filename

    def read_json(self):
         with open(self.filepath, "r", encoding="utf-8")as f:
            # 调用load方法加载文件流
            return json.load(f)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    datas = ReadJson("login_more.json").read_json()
    arrs = []
    for data in datas.values():
        arrs.append((data.get("url"),
                data.get("mobile"),
                data.get("code"),
                data.get("expect_result"),
                data.get("status_code")))
    print(arrs)
read_more_json.py

 #测试用例

import requests

class ApiLogin(object):

    def api_post_login(self,data):
        #headers定义
        headers = {"Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"}
        #url定义
        url = "http://*******"
        #调用post返回相应对象
        return requests.post(url, headers=headers,data = data)
api_login.py 
#客户经理登录接口
import sys
import unittest
from api.api_login import ApiLogin
from parameterized import parameterized
from tools.read_more_json  import ReadJson
import tools.Log

log = tools.Log.logger

#读取数据函数
def get_data():
    datas = ReadJson('login.json').read_json()
    arrs = []
    for data in datas.values():
        arrs.append((data.get("data"),
                     data.get("message"),
                     data.get("desc")))
    return arrs

class TestLogin(unittest.TestCase):
    '''登录接口 '''
    @parameterized.expand(get_data())  # 参数化测试用例
    def test_login(self,data,message,desc):
        #调用登录方法
        s = ApiLogin().api_post_login(data)
        #调试使用添加描述
        self._testMethodDoc = desc
        #print('查看响应结果：',s.text)
        #断言响应信息
        self.assertIn(message,s.text)
        # 生成响应日志
        log.info('[%s]响应数据为:[%s]' % (sys._getframe().f_code.co_name, s.text))

if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()
test_login.py

#测试数据

{
   "login_001":{
               "data":{"loginName":"admin", "password": "123456","memberPass": "on"},
               "message": "名片管理系统",
               "desc": "正常登录"},
   "login_002": {
               "data":{"loginName":"admin", "password": "123456n","memberPass": "on"},
               "message": "密码不正确",
               "desc": "账号错误登录"},
   "login_003": {
               "data":{"loginName":"admir", "password": "123456","memberPass": "on"},
               "message": "账号不存在",
               "desc": "密码错误登录"},
   "login_004": {
               "data":{"loginName":" ", "password": "123456","memberPass": "on"},
               "message": "帐号密码登录",
               "desc": "密码为空登录"},
   "login_005": {
               "data":{"loginName":"admin", "password": " ","memberPass": "on"},
               "message": "密码不正确",
               "desc":"账号为空登录"},
   "login_006": {
               "data":{"loginName":"adm in", "password": "123456","memberPass": "on"},
               "message": "账号不存在",
               "desc":"账号存在空格登录"},
   "login_007": {
               "data":{"loginName":"admin", "password": "123 456","memberPass": "on"},
               "message": "密码不正确",
               "desc":"密码存在空格登录"},
   "login_008": {
               "data":{"loginName":"admin.", "password": "123456","memberPass": "on"},
               "message": "账号不存在",
               "desc":"账号存在特殊符号登录"},
   "login_009": {
               "data":{"loginName":"admin", "password": "123456.","memberPass": "on"},
               "message": "密码不正确",
               "desc":"密码存在特殊符号登录"},
   "login_010": {
               "data":{"loginName":"admi", "password": "123456","memberPass": "on"},
               "message": "账号不存在",
               "desc":"账号不完整登录"},
   "login_010": {
               "data":{"loginName":"admin", "password": "12345","memberPass": "on"},
               "message": "密码不正确",
               "desc":"密码不完整登录"}
}
test_login_data.json

 #测试报告

unittest接口自动化测试

 就这样吧，其他测试用例与之类似就不展出了。

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