python协程初步--gevent库使用以及解释什么是猴子补丁monkey_patch

协程工作的特点是遇到阻塞或耗时的任务时就切换,协程的生存依赖于线程,线程依赖于进程

  • 一个似乎有点问题的例子
import gevent,time

def kisscpc(num):
    for i in range(num):
        print ("吻了第%s下陈培昌"%(i+1),gevent.getcurrent())
    time.sleep(1)

def kisscj(num):
    for i in range(num):
        print ("吻了第%s下程劲"%(i+1),gevent.getcurrent())
    time.sleep(1)

def kissxxd(num):
    for i in range(num):
        print ("吻了第%s下*"%(i+1),gevent.getcurrent())
    time.sleep(1)

g1 = gevent.spawn(kisscj,3)
g2 = gevent.spawn(kisscpc,2)
g3 = gevent.spawn(kissxxd,5)
g1.join()
g2.join()
g3.join()

输出结果:

吻了第1下程劲 <Greenlet at 0x7fe77eed7648: kisscj(3)>
吻了第2下程劲 <Greenlet at 0x7fe77eed7648: kisscj(3)>
吻了第3下程劲 <Greenlet at 0x7fe77eed7648: kisscj(3)>
吻了第1下陈培昌 <Greenlet at 0x7fe77eed7a48: kisscpc(2)>
吻了第2下陈培昌 <Greenlet at 0x7fe77eed7a48: kisscpc(2)>
吻了第1下* <Greenlet at 0x7fe77eed7b48: kissxxd(5)>
吻了第2下* <Greenlet at 0x7fe77eed7b48: kissxxd(5)>
吻了第3下* <Greenlet at 0x7fe77eed7b48: kissxxd(5)>
吻了第4下* <Greenlet at 0x7fe77eed7b48: kissxxd(5)>
吻了第5下* <Greenlet at 0x7fe77eed7b48: kissxxd(5)>

貌似这样的结果并未能达到我们所期待的并发效果,任务仍旧是按部就班的执行。答案在于使用gevent时,相关的一切都要更换成gevent的

  • 耗时,阻塞部分换成gevent库的实现
import gevent,time

def kisscpc(num):
    for i in range(num):
        print ("吻了第%s下陈培昌"%(i+1),gevent.getcurrent())
        #time.sleep(1)
        gevent.sleep(1)
def kisscj(num):
    for i in range(num):
        print ("吻了第%s下程劲"%(i+1),gevent.getcurrent())
        #time.sleep(1)
        gevent.sleep(1)
def kissxxd(num):
    for i in range(num):
        print ("吻了第%s下*"%(i+1),gevent.getcurrent())
       #time.sleep(1)
        gevent.sleep(1)
g1 = gevent.spawn(kisscj,3)
g2 = gevent.spawn(kisscpc,2)
g3 = gevent.spawn(kissxxd,5)
g1.join()
g2.join()
g3.join()

输出结果:

吻了第1下程劲 <Greenlet at 0x7f2af804e648: kisscj(3)>
吻了第1下陈培昌 <Greenlet at 0x7f2af804ea48: kisscpc(2)>
吻了第1下* <Greenlet at 0x7f2af804eb48: kissxxd(5)>
吻了第2下程劲 <Greenlet at 0x7f2af804e648: kisscj(3)>
吻了第2下陈培昌 <Greenlet at 0x7f2af804ea48: kisscpc(2)>
吻了第2下* <Greenlet at 0x7f2af804eb48: kissxxd(5)>
吻了第3下程劲 <Greenlet at 0x7f2af804e648: kisscj(3)>
吻了第3下* <Greenlet at 0x7f2af804eb48: kissxxd(5)>
吻了第4下* <Greenlet at 0x7f2af804eb48: kissxxd(5)>
吻了第5下* <Greenlet at 0x7f2af804eb48: kissxxd(5)>

哟比~这才是我们期盼的!

但是,对于一些早期的代码,每个任务的耗时部分仍有可能采用了常规的代码写法(而不是gevent.方法名),这就意味着,我们需要改动代码的绝大多数部分

这时,猴子补丁就派上用场了

import gevent,time
from gevent import monkey
monkey.patch_all()
def kisscpc(num):
    for i in range(num):
        print ("吻了第%s下陈培昌"%(i+1),gevent.getcurrent())
        time.sleep(1)
        #gevent.sleep(1)
def kisscj(num):
    for i in range(num):
        print ("吻了第%s下程劲"%(i+1),gevent.getcurrent())
        time.sleep(1)
        #gevent.sleep(1)
def kissxxd(num):
    for i in range(num):
        print ("吻了第%s下*"%(i+1),gevent.getcurrent())
        time.sleep(1)
        #gevent.sleep(1)
g1 = gevent.spawn(kisscj,3)
g2 = gevent.spawn(kisscpc,2)
g3 = gevent.spawn(kissxxd,5)
g1.join()
g2.join()
g3.join()

输出结果:

吻了第1下程劲 <Greenlet at 0x7f97e4981948: kisscj(3)>
吻了第1下陈培昌 <Greenlet at 0x7f97e4981a48: kisscpc(2)>
吻了第1下* <Greenlet at 0x7f97e4981b48: kissxxd(5)>
吻了第2下程劲 <Greenlet at 0x7f97e4981948: kisscj(3)>
吻了第2下陈培昌 <Greenlet at 0x7f97e4981a48: kisscpc(2)>
吻了第2下* <Greenlet at 0x7f97e4981b48: kissxxd(5)>
吻了第3下程劲 <Greenlet at 0x7f97e4981948: kisscj(3)>
吻了第3下* <Greenlet at 0x7f97e4981b48: kissxxd(5)>
吻了第4下* <Greenlet at 0x7f97e4981b48: kissxxd(5)>
吻了第5下* <Greenlet at 0x7f97e4981b48: kissxxd(5)>

我们看到仅仅用了monkey.patch_all()就达到了期待的效果,而其他方面几乎没什么改变