mysql 开发进阶篇系列 12 锁问题(隔离级别下锁的差异)

1. innodb在不同隔离级别下的一致性读及锁的差异
  不同的隔离级别下,innodb处理sql 时采用的一致性读策略和需要的锁是不同的,同时,数据恢复和复制机制的特点,也对一些sql的一致性读策略和锁策略有很大影响。对于许多sql, 隔离级别越高,innodb给记录集的锁就越严格(龙其是使用范围条件的时候),产生的锁冲突的可能性也就越高,对并发性事务处理性能的影响也就越大。因此,在应用中,应该尽量使用较低的隔离级别,减少锁争用。通常使用Read Commited隔离级别就足够了, 对于一些确实需要更高隔离级别的事务,可能在程序中执行 SET SESSION TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL REPEATABLE READ 或SET SESSION TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL SERIALIZABLE 动态来改变隔离级别。 

  下面重点看下REPEATABLE READ与Read commited 锁申请的不同区别,在增删改查上申请的锁都是一致的,但在事务中锁释放的时间是不一样的这点需要注意(表格中显示的是申请的锁)。

SQL

条件

Read uncommited

Read commited

Repeatable read

serializable

Select

=

None locks

Consisten read/

None locks

Consisten read/

None locks

Share locks

范围

None locks

Consisten read/

None locks

Consisten read/

None locks

Share next-key

Update

=

X(排它锁)

X

X

X

范围

X next-key

X next-key

X next-key

X next-key

Insert

X

X

X

X

REPLACE

无键冲突

X

X

X

X

键冲突

X next-key

X next-key

X next-key

X next-key

Delete

=

X

X

X

X

范围

X next-key

X next-key

X next-key

X next-key

Select ..from

Lock in share mode

=

Share locks

Share locks

Share locks

Share locks

范围

Share locks

Share locks

Share next-key

Share next-key

Select ..from

For update

=

X

X

X

X

范围

X

Share locks

X next-key

X next-key

Insert into..

Select ..

Innodb_locks_unsafe

_for_binlog=off

Share next-key

Share next-key

Share next-key

Share next-key

Innodb_locks_unsafe

_for_binlog=on

None locks

Consisten read/

None locks

Consisten read/

None locks

Share next-key

Create table..

Select ..

Innodb_locks_unsafe

_for_binlog=off

Share next-key

Share next-key

Share next-key

Share next-key

Innodb_locks_unsafe

_for_binlog=on

None locks

Consisten read/

None locks

Consisten read/

None locks

Share next-key