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Config配置文件读写

分类: IT文章 • 2023-11-17 08:10:49

config文件读写操作（文字说明附加在程序中）

App.config文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
    <!--自定义结点(为正常注册，将此节点放在第一)-->
    <configSections>
        <section name="Node1" type="Config.Test1,Config"/> <!--命名空间.类名,类名-->
        <section name="Node2" type="Config.Test2,Config"/>
        <section name="Node3" type="Config.Test3,Config"/>
        <section name="Node4" type="Config.Test4,Config"/>
    </configSections>
    <Node1 Property1="属性1" Property2="属性2"></Node1>
    <Node2>
        <Property Property1="属性1" Property2="属性2"></Property>
    </Node2>
    <Node3>
        <T1>
            <!--CDATA可以包含比较长的字符串，且可以包含HTML代码段，这样针对特殊字符的存放也比较方便。-->
            <![CDATA[
                长字符串在此设置
            ]]>
        </T1>
        <T2>
            <![CDATA[
                <html><head>HTML代码</head></html>
            ]]>
        </T2>
    </Node3>
    <Node4>
        <add key="1" value="test1"></add>
        <add key="2" value="test2"></add>
        <add key="3" value="test3"></add>
        <add key="4" value="test4"></add>
    </Node4>
    <!--connectionStrings连接数据库的配置-->
    <connectionStrings>
        <add name="ConString" connectionString="server=.;database=DB;uid=sa;pwd=123456"/>
        <!--或 没有密码的连接-->
        <!--add name="ConnStr" connectionString="Data Source=PC-201307122356SQLEXPRESS;Initial Catalog=DZServe; Integrated Security=SSPI "/-->
    </connectionStrings>
    <!--appSettings连接数据库的配置或读取配置值-->
    <appSettings>
        <add key="AppString" value="server=.;database=DB;uid=sa;pwd=123456"/>
        <!--或 没有密码的连接-->
        <!--add key="AppString" value="Data Source=PC-201307122356SQLEXPRESS;Initial Catalog=DZServe; Integrated Security=SSPI "/-->
    </appSettings>
</configuration>
View Code

自定义结点1(Node1)的类Test1

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Configuration;

namespace Config
{
    //自定义一个Test类,以ConfigurationSection为基类，各个属性加上[ConfigurationProperty]
    public class Test1:ConfigurationSection
    {
        [ConfigurationProperty("Property1")]
        public string Property1
        {
            get { return this["Property1"].ToString(); }
            set { this["Property1"] = value; }
        }

        [ConfigurationProperty("Property2")]
        public string Property2
        {
            get { return this["Property2"].ToString(); }
            set { this["Property2"] = value; }
        }
    }
}
View Code

自定义结点2(Node2)的类Test2

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Configuration;

namespace Config
{
    public class Test2:ConfigurationSection
    {
        [ConfigurationProperty("Property",IsRequired=true)]
        public SectionElement Property
        {
            get{ return (SectionElement)this["Property"];}
        }
        

        public class SectionElement:ConfigurationElement
        {
            [ConfigurationProperty("Property1", IsRequired = true)]
            public string Property1
            {
                get { return this["Property1"].ToString(); }
                set { this["Property1"] = value; }
            }
            [ConfigurationProperty("Property2", IsRequired = true)]
            public string Property2
            {
                get { return this["Property2"].ToString(); }
                set { this["Property2"] = value; }
            }
        }
    }
}
View Code

自定义结点3(Node3)的类Test3

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Configuration;

namespace Config
{
    public class Test3:ConfigurationSection
    {
        [ConfigurationProperty("T1", IsRequired = true)]
        public MyTextElement T1
        {
            get { return (MyTextElement)this["T1"]; }
        }
         [ConfigurationProperty("T2", IsRequired = true)]
        public MyTextElement T2
        {
            get { return (MyTextElement)this["T2"]; }
        }
    }

   
    public class MyTextElement : ConfigurationElement
    {
        [ConfigurationProperty("data",IsRequired=true)]
        public string CommandText
        {
            get { return this["data"].ToString(); }
            set { this["data"] = value; }
        }

        //这里由我们控制对数据的读写操作，也就是要重载方法SerializeElement，DeserializeElement。
        protected override void DeserializeElement(System.Xml.XmlReader reader, bool serializeCollectionKey)
        {
            CommandText = reader.ReadElementContentAs(typeof(string), null) as string;
        }

        protected override bool SerializeElement(System.Xml.XmlWriter writer, bool serializeCollectionKey)
        {
            if (writer != null)
            {
                writer.WriteCData(CommandText);
            }
            return true;
        }

    }
}
View Code

自定义结点4(Node4)的类Test4

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Configuration;

namespace Config
{
    public class Test4:ConfigurationSection
    {
        private static readonly ConfigurationProperty s_property =
            new ConfigurationProperty(string.Empty, typeof(MyKeyValueCollection), null, ConfigurationPropertyOptions.IsDefaultCollection);
        [ConfigurationProperty("", Options = ConfigurationPropertyOptions.IsDefaultCollection)]
        public MyKeyValueCollection KeyValues
        {
            get { return (MyKeyValueCollection)base[s_property]; }
        }
    }



    [ConfigurationCollection(typeof(MyKeyValueSetting))]
    public class MyKeyValueCollection:ConfigurationElementCollection  //自定义一个集合
    {
        // 基本上，所有的方法都只要简单地调用基类的实现就可以了。
        public MyKeyValueCollection()
            : base(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase)  //不区分大小写
        { }

        // 其实关键就是这个索引器。但它也是调用基类的实现，只是做下类型转就行了。
        new public MyKeyValueSetting this[string name]
        {
            get 
            {
                return (MyKeyValueSetting)base.BaseGet(name);
            }
        }
        // 下面二个方法中抽象类中必须要实现的。
        protected override ConfigurationElement CreateNewElement()
        {
            return new MyKeyValueSetting();
        }
        protected override object GetElementKey(ConfigurationElement element)
        {
            return ((MyKeyValueSetting)element).Key;
        }

        // 说明：如果不需要在代码中修改集合，可以不实现Add, Clear, Remove
        public void Add(MyKeyValueSetting setting)
        {
            base.BaseAdd(setting);
        }
        public void Clear()
        {
            base.BaseClear();
        }
        public void Remove(string name)
        {
            base.BaseRemove(name);
        }
    }

    public class MyKeyValueSetting:ConfigurationElement  //集合中的每个元素
    {
        [ConfigurationProperty("key", IsRequired = true)]
        public string Key
        {
            get { return this["key"].ToString(); }
            set { this["key"] = value; }
        }
        [ConfigurationProperty("value", IsRequired = true)]
        public string Value
        {
            get { return this["value"].ToString(); }
            set { this["value"] = value; }
        }
    }
}
View Code

读取配置信息

 //connectionStrings结点验证
        private void btnConnectionStrings_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //需添加System.configuration引用，引用—添加引用—.NET—System.configuration
            string connectionStrings = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["ConString"].ConnectionString;
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(connectionStrings))
            {
                connectionStrings = "没有读到数据！";
            }
            txbConRead.Text=connectionStrings;
        }

        //AppStrings结点验证
        private void btnAppSettings_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            string appSettings = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["AppString"];
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(appSettings))
            {
                appSettings = "没有读到数据！";
            }
            txbAppRead.Text = appSettings;
        }
        #region 自定义结点读取

        //第一种方式读取自定义结点
        private void btnPro1Read_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Test1 test1 = (Test1)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("Node1"); 
            txbPro11Read.Text = test1.Property1;
            txbPro21Read.Text = test1.Property2;
        }
        //第二种方式读取自定义结点
        private void btnPro2Read_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Test2 test2 = (Test2)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("Node2");
            txbPro12Read.Text = test2.Property.Property1;
            txbPro22Read.Text = test2.Property.Property2;
        }


        //第三种方式读取自定义结点
        private void btnPro3Read_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Test3 test3 = (Test3)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("Node3");
            txbPro13Read.Text = test3.T1.CommandText.Trim();
            txbPro23Read.Text = test3.T2.CommandText.Trim();
        }

        //第四种方式读取自定义结点
        private void btnPro4Read_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Test4 test4 = (Test4)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("Node4");
            txbtest4Read.Text = string.Join("
", (
                                                    from kv in test4.KeyValues.Cast<MyKeyValueSetting>()
                                                    let s = string.Format("{0}={1}", kv.Key, kv.Value)
                                                    select s).ToArray()
                                                  );
        }
        #endregion
View Code

写入配置信息

 #region 自定义结点写入
        /*
         * 在修改配置节点前，我们需要调用ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration()，然后调用config.GetSection()在得到节点后，
         * 转成我们定义的节点类型， 然后就可以按照强类型的方式来修改我们定义的各参数项，最后调用config.Save();即可。 
         * .net为了优化配置节点的读取操作，会将数据缓存起来，如果希望使用修改后的结果生效，您还需要调用ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection方法。
         * 如果是修改web.config，则需要使用 WebConfigurationManager。
         */

        //写入connectionStrings结点
        private void btnConWrite_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //ConnectionStringSettings s = new ConnectionStringSettings("ConString1", "server=127.0.0.1;database=DB;uid=sa;pwd=123456");
            //ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings.Add(s);
            Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);
            config.ConnectionStrings.ConnectionStrings["ConString"].ConnectionString = txbConWrite.Text;
            config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Modified);
            ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("connectionStrings");
            MessageBox.Show("修改成功！");
            txbConWrite.Text = "";
        }

        //写入AppStrings结点
        private void btnAppWrite_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);
            config.AppSettings.Settings["AppString"].Value = txbAppWrtite.Text;
            config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Modified);
            ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("appSettings");
            MessageBox.Show("修改成功！");
            txbAppWrtite.Text = "";
        }

        //第一种方式写入自定义结点
        private void btnPro1Write_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);
            Test1 test1 = config.GetSection("Node1") as Test1;
            test1.Property1 = txbPro11Write.Text;
            test1.Property2 = txbPro21Write.Text;
            config.Save();
            ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("Node1"); //刷新
            MessageBox.Show("修改成功！");
            txbPro11Write.Text = "";
            txbPro21Write.Text = "";
        }

        //第二种方式写入自定义结点
        private void btnPro2Write_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);
            Test2 test2 = config.GetSection("Node2") as Test2;
            test2.Property.Property1 = txbPro12Write.Text;
            test2.Property.Property2 = txbPro22Write.Text;
            config.Save();
            ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("Node2");//刷新
            MessageBox.Show("修改成功！");
            txbPro12Write.Text = "";
            txbPro22Write.Text = "";
        }

        //第三种方式写入自定义结点
        private void btnPro3Write_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);
            Test3 test3 = config.GetSection("Node3") as Test3;
            test3.T1.CommandText = txbPro13Write.Text;
            test3.T2.CommandText = txbPro23Write.Text;
            config.Save();
            ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("Node3");
            MessageBox.Show("修改成功！");
            txbPro13Write.Text = "";
            txbPro23Write.Text = "";
        }

        //第四种方式写入自定义结点
        private void btnPro4Write_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);
            Test4 test4 = config.GetSection("Node4") as Test4;
            test4.KeyValues.Clear();
            (
                from s in txbtest4Write.Lines
                let p = s.IndexOf('=')
                where p > 0
                select new MyKeyValueSetting { Key = s.Substring(0, p), Value = s.Substring(p + 1) }
            ).ToList()
            .ForEach(kv => test4.KeyValues.Add(kv));
            config.Save();
            ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("Node4");
            MessageBox.Show("修改成功！");
            txbtest4Write.Text = "";
        }
        #endregion
View Code

完整的读写方法

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Xml;

namespace Config
{
    public partial class ConfigCheck : Form
    {
        public ConfigCheck()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        //connectionStrings结点验证
        private void btnConnectionStrings_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //需添加System.configuration引用，引用—添加引用—.NET—System.configuration
            string connectionStrings = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["ConString"].ConnectionString;
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(connectionStrings))
            {
                connectionStrings = "没有读到数据！";
            }
            txbConRead.Text=connectionStrings;
        }

        //AppStrings结点验证
        private void btnAppSettings_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            string appSettings = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["AppString"];
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(appSettings))
            {
                appSettings = "没有读到数据！";
            }
            txbAppRead.Text = appSettings;
        }
        #region 自定义结点读取

        //第一种方式读取自定义结点
        private void btnPro1Read_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Test1 test1 = (Test1)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("Node1"); 
            txbPro11Read.Text = test1.Property1;
            txbPro21Read.Text = test1.Property2;
        }
        //第二种方式读取自定义结点
        private void btnPro2Read_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Test2 test2 = (Test2)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("Node2");
            txbPro12Read.Text = test2.Property.Property1;
            txbPro22Read.Text = test2.Property.Property2;
        }


        //第三种方式读取自定义结点
        private void btnPro3Read_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Test3 test3 = (Test3)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("Node3");
            txbPro13Read.Text = test3.T1.CommandText.Trim();
            txbPro23Read.Text = test3.T2.CommandText.Trim();
        }

        //第四种方式读取自定义结点
        private void btnPro4Read_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Test4 test4 = (Test4)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("Node4");
            txbtest4Read.Text = string.Join("
", (
                                                    from kv in test4.KeyValues.Cast<MyKeyValueSetting>()
                                                    let s = string.Format("{0}={1}", kv.Key, kv.Value)
                                                    select s).ToArray()
                                                  );
        }
        #endregion


        #region 自定义结点写入
        /*
         * 在修改配置节点前，我们需要调用ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration()，然后调用config.GetSection()在得到节点后，
         * 转成我们定义的节点类型， 然后就可以按照强类型的方式来修改我们定义的各参数项，最后调用config.Save();即可。 
         * .net为了优化配置节点的读取操作，会将数据缓存起来，如果希望使用修改后的结果生效，您还需要调用ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection方法。
         * 如果是修改web.config，则需要使用 WebConfigurationManager。
         */

        //写入connectionStrings结点
        private void btnConWrite_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //ConnectionStringSettings s = new ConnectionStringSettings("ConString1", "server=127.0.0.1;database=DB;uid=sa;pwd=123456");
            //ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings.Add(s);
            Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);
            config.ConnectionStrings.ConnectionStrings["ConString"].ConnectionString = txbConWrite.Text;
            config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Modified);
            ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("connectionStrings");
            MessageBox.Show("修改成功！");
            txbConWrite.Text = "";
        }

        //写入AppStrings结点
        private void btnAppWrite_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);
            config.AppSettings.Settings["AppString"].Value = txbAppWrtite.Text;
            config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Modified);
            ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("appSettings");
            MessageBox.Show("修改成功！");
            txbAppWrtite.Text = "";
        }

        //第一种方式写入自定义结点
        private void btnPro1Write_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);
            Test1 test1 = config.GetSection("Node1") as Test1;
            test1.Property1 = txbPro11Write.Text;
            test1.Property2 = txbPro21Write.Text;
            config.Save();
            ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("Node1"); //刷新
            MessageBox.Show("修改成功！");
            txbPro11Write.Text = "";
            txbPro21Write.Text = "";
        }

        //第二种方式写入自定义结点
        private void btnPro2Write_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);
            Test2 test2 = config.GetSection("Node2") as Test2;
            test2.Property.Property1 = txbPro12Write.Text;
            test2.Property.Property2 = txbPro22Write.Text;
            config.Save();
            ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("Node2");//刷新
            MessageBox.Show("修改成功！");
            txbPro12Write.Text = "";
            txbPro22Write.Text = "";
        }

        //第三种方式写入自定义结点
        private void btnPro3Write_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);
            Test3 test3 = config.GetSection("Node3") as Test3;
            test3.T1.CommandText = txbPro13Write.Text;
            test3.T2.CommandText = txbPro23Write.Text;
            config.Save();
            ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("Node3");
            MessageBox.Show("修改成功！");
            txbPro13Write.Text = "";
            txbPro23Write.Text = "";
        }

        //第四种方式写入自定义结点
        private void btnPro4Write_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);
            Test4 test4 = config.GetSection("Node4") as Test4;
            test4.KeyValues.Clear();
            (
                from s in txbtest4Write.Lines
                let p = s.IndexOf('=')
                where p > 0
                select new MyKeyValueSetting { Key = s.Substring(0, p), Value = s.Substring(p + 1) }
            ).ToList()
            .ForEach(kv => test4.KeyValues.Add(kv));
            config.Save();
            ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("Node4");
            MessageBox.Show("修改成功！");
            txbtest4Write.Text = "";
        }
        #endregion

        

    }
}
View Code

效果图
Config配置文件读写

参考网站：http://www.cnblogs.com/aehyok/p/3558661.html

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