.Net 配置文件——继承ConfigurationSection实现自己定义处理类处理自己定义配置节点


        除了使用继承IConfigurationSectionHandler的方法定义处理自己定义节点的类。还能够通过继承ConfigurationSection类实现相同效果。


            首先说下.Net配置文件里一个潜规则:

         在配置节点时,对于想要进行存储的參数数据。能够採用两种方式:一种是存储到节点的属性中,还有一种是存储在节点的文本中。

        由于一个节点能够有非常多属性。可是仅仅要一个innertext,而要在程序中将这两种形式区分开会带来复杂性。 为了避免这个问题,.net的配置文件仅仅是用属性存储而不使用innertext.


      接着,我们来写一个符合这个潜规则的自己定义配置文件,方便測试:

      

<mailServerGroup provider="www.baidu.com">
    <mailServers>
      <mailServer client="http://blog.csdn.net/lhc1105" address="13232@qq.com" userName="lhc" password="2343254"/>
      <mailServer client="http://blog345.csdn.net/lhc1105" address="132wdfgdsggtaewg32@qq.com" userName="dfshs水田如雅"  password="2334t243的萨芬234254"/>
      <mailServer client="http://blog436.csdn.net/lhc1105" address="132wdgadsfgdtaewg32@qq.com" userName="sdfhdfs水田如雅"  password="23ewrty2343的萨芬234254"/>
      <mailServer client="http://blo345734g.csdn.net/lhc1105" address="132wdgdfagdstaewg32@qq.com" userName="sdfher水田如雅"  password="23erwt43的萨芬234254"/>
    </mailServers>
  </mailServerGroup>

      接着,我们来写对应的处理类。这里我们由内向外来写:


      首先是最内层的mailServer:


      

 /// <summary>
    /// Class MailServerElement:用于映射mailServer节点。这里是实际存储数据的地方;
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 21:51:57</remarks>
    public sealed class MailServerElement : ConfigurationElement  //配置文件里的配置元素
    {

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets or sets the client.
        /// </summary>
        /// <value>The client.</value>
        /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:05:40</remarks>
        [ConfigurationProperty("client", IsKey = true, IsRequired = true)]  //client是必须的key属性。有点儿主键的意思,比如,假设定义多个client相同的节点,循环读取的话就仅仅读取到最后一个值
        public string Client
        {
            get
            {
                return this["client"] as string;
            }
            set
            {
                this["client"] = value;
            }

        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Gets or sets the address.
        /// </summary>
        /// <value>The address.</value>
        /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:05:38</remarks>
        [ConfigurationProperty("address")]
        public string Address
        {
            get
            {
                return this["address"] as string;
            }
            set
            {
                this["address"] = value;
            }

        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Gets or sets the name of the user.
        /// </summary>
        /// <value>The name of the user.</value>
        /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:05:35</remarks>
        [ConfigurationProperty("userName")]
        public string UserName
        {

            get
            {
                return this["userName"] as string;
            }
            set
            {
                this["userName"] = value;
            }

        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Gets or sets the password.
        /// </summary>
        /// <value>The password.</value>
        /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:05:33</remarks>
        [ConfigurationProperty("password")]
        public string Password
        {

            get
            {
                return this["password"] as string;
            }
            set
            {
                this["password"] = value;
            }

        }



    }



      接着是mailServers,它是一个mailServer的集合:


 

 /// <summary>
    /// Class MailServerCollection:映射mailServers节点,为一个集合类,另外还包括了非常多对节点的操作方法。大部分继承自ConfigurationElementCollection
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 21:52:00</remarks>
    public sealed class MailServerCollection : ConfigurationElementCollection
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取 <see cref="T:System.Configuration.ConfigurationElementCollection" /> 的类型。

/// </summary> /// <value>The type of the collection.</value> /// <returns>此集合的 <see cref="T:System.Configuration.ConfigurationElementCollectionType" />。</returns> /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:05:08</remarks> public override ConfigurationElementCollectionType CollectionType { get { return ConfigurationElementCollectionType.BasicMap; } } /// <summary> /// 当在派生的类中重写时。创建一个新的 <see cref="T:System.Configuration.ConfigurationElement" />。 /// </summary> /// <returns>新的 <see cref="T:System.Configuration.ConfigurationElement" />。</returns> /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:05:03</remarks> protected override ConfigurationElement CreateNewElement() { return new MailServerElement(); } /// <summary> /// 在派生类中重写时获取指定配置元素的元素键。

/// </summary> /// <param name="element">要为其返回键的 <see cref="T:System.Configuration.ConfigurationElement" />。

</param> /// <returns>一个 <see cref="T:System.Object" />,用作指定 <see cref="T:System.Configuration.ConfigurationElement" /> 的键。</returns> /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:04:51</remarks> protected override object GetElementKey(ConfigurationElement element) { return (element as MailServerElement).Client; } /// <summary> /// 获取在派生的类中重写时用于标识配置文件里此元素集合的名称。 /// </summary> /// <value>The name of the element.</value> /// <returns>集合的名称;否则为空字符串。默认值为空字符串。</returns> /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 23:41:40</remarks> protected override string ElementName { get { return "mailServer"; } } /// <summary> /// 获取集合中的元素数。 /// </summary> /// <value>The count.</value> /// <returns>集合中的元素数。</returns> /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:08:24</remarks> public new int Count { get { return base.Count; } } /// <summary> /// 获取或设置此配置元素的属性、特性或子元素。 /// </summary> /// <param name="index">The index.</param> /// <returns>MailServerElement.</returns> /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch</remarks> public MailServerElement this[int index] { get { return BaseGet(index) as MailServerElement; } set { if (BaseGet(index) != null) { BaseRemoveAt(index); } BaseAdd(index, value); } } /// <summary> /// 获取或设置此配置元素的属性、特性或子元素。 /// </summary> /// <param name="Name">The name.</param> /// <returns>MailServerElement.</returns> /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch</remarks> new public MailServerElement this[string Name] { get { return BaseGet(Name) as MailServerElement; } } /// <summary> /// Indexes the of. /// </summary> /// <param name="element">The element.</param> /// <returns>System.Int32.</returns> /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:24:16</remarks> public int IndexOf(MailServerElement element) { return BaseIndexOf(element); } /// <summary> /// Adds the specified element. /// </summary> /// <param name="element">The element.</param> /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:26:06</remarks> public void Add(MailServerElement element) { BaseAdd(element); } /// <summary> /// Removes the specified element. /// </summary> /// <param name="element">The element.</param> /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:27:01</remarks> public void Remove(MailServerElement element) { if (BaseIndexOf(element) > 0) { BaseRemove(element.Client); } } /// <summary> /// Removes at. /// </summary> /// <param name="index">The index.</param> /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:33:29</remarks> public void RemoveAt(int index) { BaseRemoveAt(index); } /// <summary> /// Removes the specified client. /// </summary> /// <param name="client">The client.</param> /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:34:04</remarks> public void Remove(string client) { BaseRemove(client); } /// <summary> /// Clears this instance. /// </summary> /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:34:29</remarks> public void Clear() { BaseClear(); } }


    最后是最外层的group:


 /// <summary>
    /// Class MailServerSection 为入口:
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 21:41:02</remarks>
    public class MailServerSection : ConfigurationSection   //继承配置文件里节
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Gets the provider.:映射mailServerGroup节点的provider
        /// </summary>
        /// <value>The provider.</value>
        /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:05:59</remarks>
        [ConfigurationProperty("provider", IsKey = true)]
        public string provider { get { return this["provider"] as string; } }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets or sets the mail servers.:映射新加入的节点mailServers节点;这个节点下还包括了若干个mailServer节点,因此它是一个集合类
        /// </summary>
        /// <value>The mail servers.</value>
        /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:05:56</remarks>
        [ConfigurationProperty("mailServers", IsDefaultCollection = false)]
        public MailServerCollection MailServers
        {
            get
            {
                return this["mailServers"] as MailServerCollection;
            }
            set
            {
                this["mailServers"] = value;
            }

        }
    }


相同,关联处理类和节点:


 <section name="mailServerGroup" type="继承ConfigurationSection基类.MailServerSection,继承ConfigurationSection基类"/>   
  </configSections>


之后做个測试:


class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Test();

        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Tests this instance.:读取节点值演示样例
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 23:04:53</remarks>
        private static void Test() {

            MailServerSection mailSection = (MailServerSection)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("mailServerGroup");
            Console.WriteLine("MailServerSection 的provider属性值:"+mailSection.provider);
            foreach (MailServerElement config in mailSection.MailServers)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------");
                Console.WriteLine("client值为:"+config.Client);
                Console.WriteLine("address值为:"+config.Address);
                Console.WriteLine("username值为:"+config.UserName);
                Console.WriteLine("password值为:"+config.Password);
                Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------");
            }

            Console.ReadKey();

        }

    }




      本来还想传张结果图。可是网速慢。算啦,喜欢玩儿的童鞋自己run下结果。

。。。