Spring治理filter和servlet,无硬编码bean

Spring管理filter和servlet,无硬编码bean

 

Spring管理filterservlet,无需硬编码硬编码bean

在完成的项目中,要为别的项目提供接口,可选方案:webservicepost请求。现用post请求。

在使用spring容器的web应用中,业务对象间的依赖关系都可以applicationContext.xml文件来配置,并且由spring容器来负责依赖对象的创建。如果要在filter或者servlet中使用spring容器管理业务对象,通常需要使用WebApplicationContextUtils.getRequiredWebApplicationContext(getServletContext())来获得WebApplicationContext,然后调用WebApplicationContext.getBean("beanName")来获得对象的引用,这实际上是使用了依赖查找来获得对象,并且在filter或者servlet代码中硬编码了应用对象的bean名字。

 

为了能在filter或者servlet中感知springbean,可采用如下步骤来实现:

1-filter或者servlet作为bean定义在spring配置文件applicationContext.xml中,和其他应用的bean定义放在一起;

2-实现一个filter代理或者servlet代理,该代理用WebApplicationContext来获得在applicationContext.xml中定义的filter或者servlet的对象,并将任务委托给applicationContext.xml中定义的filter或者servlet

3-web.xml中用ContextLoaderListener来初始化springcontext

4-web.xml中,同时在filter代理或者servlet代理的定义中用初始化参数来定义applicationContext.xmlfilter或者servletbean名字(或者直接受用代理的名称获得相应的filter或者servlet的名称)。定义filter代理或者servlet代理的mapping

利用这种方式就将filter或者servlet和业务对象的依赖关系用spring来进行管理,并且不用在servlet中硬编码要引用的对象名字。

 

具体实例如下:

Filter

1.applicationContext.xml中定义filter

<bean id="springFilter" class="com.netqin.filter.SpringFilter">

              <property name="name">

                  <value>zyj</value>

              </property>

</bean>

说明:com.netqin.filter.SpringFilter为实现了javax.servlet.Filter接口的filter

2.实现filter代理

实际上,filter代理不需要我们自己来实现,Spring提供了两种现成的filter代理org.springframework.security.util.FilterToBeanProxy,org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy,两者只是在web.xml中的配置上略有不同,下面就让我们一起看看如何在web.xml中进行配置。

3.配置web.xml

初始化springcontext

因为是使用spring来管理,所以在使用filter前先要初始化springcontext,一般来说配置如下:

<context-param>

        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

        <param-value>

            /WEB-INF/spring-configs/base/applicationContext.xml

        </param-value>

    </context-param>

    <listener>

        <listener-class>

            org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener

        </listener-class>

    </listener>

4Filter配置:

FilterToBeanProxy代理的配置

<filter>

        <filter-name> springFilter </filter-name>

        <filter-class>

            org.springframework.security.util.FilterToBeanProxy

        </filter-class>

        <init-param>

            <param-name>targetBean</param-name>

            <param-value>springFilter</param-value>

        </init-param>

</filter>

<filter-mapping>

        <filter-name> springFilter </filter-name>

        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

</filter-mapping>

说明:需要为FilterToBeanProxy提供上下文参数,这里我们配置的是targetBean属性,它告诉springcontext中查找的bean名称,所以当请求被过滤器拦截后FilterToBeanProxy会在applicationContext.xml中会查找idspringFilterbean.

我们也可以配置targetClass属性,意思就是查找该类型的bean.

DelegatingFilterProxy代理的配置

<filter>

        <filter-name>springFilter</filter-name>

        <filter-class>

            org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy

        </filter-class>

</filter>

<filter-mapping>

        <filter-name> springFilter </filter-name>

        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

</filter-mapping>

说明:使用DelegatingFilterProxy时不需要配置任何参数,spring会根据filter-name的名字来查找bean,所以这里spring会查找idspringFilterbean.

 

OK!filter配置完成。推荐使用DelegatingFilterProxy,配置上更简单。

 

 

Servlet

Servlet的配置与Filter的配置十分相似

1.applicationContext.xml中定义servlet

<bean id="springServlet" class="com.jsptpd.jczc.temp.GongGuanTest">

        <property name="name" value="zyj"/>

       <property name="siteSpecialTestDao" ref="jczc.siteSpecialTestDao"/>

</bean>

说明:com.jsptpd.jczc.temp.GongGuanTest继承自javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet,如下:

package com.jsptpd.jczc.temp;

 

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.jsptpd.jczc.signal.dao.impl.SiteSpecialTestDaoImpl;

 

public class GongGuanTest extends HttpServlet {

       private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

       private String name;

       private SiteSpecialTestDaoImpl siteSpecialTestDao;

 

       public SiteSpecialTestDaoImpl getSiteSpecialTestDao() {

              return siteSpecialTestDao;

       }

 

       public void setSiteSpecialTestDao(SiteSpecialTestDaoImpl siteSpecialTestDao) {

              this.siteSpecialTestDao = siteSpecialTestDao;

       }

 

       public String getName() {

              return name;

       }

 

       public void setName(String name) {

              this.name = name;

       }

 

       protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

              doPost(request, response);

       }

 

       protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

 

              response.setContentType("text/html; charset=utf-8");

              PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();

              out.println("<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01Transitional//EN\">");

              out.println("<HTML>");

              out.println("  <HEAD><TITLE>A Servlet</TITLE></HEAD>");

              out.println("  <BODY>");

              request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");

           out.println(name.toString() + "<br>");

              out.println(siteSpecialTestDao.toString() + "<br>");

              out.println("  </BODY>");

              out.println("</HTML>");

              out.flush();

              out.close();

       }

 

}

 

2.实现servlet代理,创建一个servlet代理十分简单,一个具体的实现如下:

package com.jsptpd.jczc.temp.proxy;

 

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.GenericServlet;

import javax.servlet.Servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;

import org.springframework.web.context.support.WebApplicationContextUtils;

 

public class ServletToBeanProxy extends GenericServlet {

    private String targetBean;

    private Servlet proxy;

    public void init() throws ServletException {

        this.targetBean = getInitParameter("targetBean");

        getServletBean();

        proxy.init(getServletConfig());

    }

 

    public void service(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res)

            throws ServletException, IOException {

        proxy.service(req, res);

    }

 

    private void getServletBean() {

        //实现一个servlet代理,该代理用WebApplicationContext来获得在applicationContext.xml中定义的servlet的对象,并将任务委托给applicationContext.xml中定义的servlet

        WebApplicationContext wac = WebApplicationContextUtils.getRequiredWebApplicationContext(getServletContext());

        this.proxy = (Servlet) wac.getBean(targetBean);

    }

}

 

说明:相信看了代码就明白了,它利用targetBean属性在spring中查找相应的servlet,这很像FilterToBeanProxy的方式,所以我为其取名为ServletToBeanProxy。当然,我们也可以使用类似于DelegatingFilterProxy的方式,只需要将上述代码中this.targetBean = getInitParameter("targetBean");修改为this.targetBean =this.getServletName();即可,我们相应的命名为DelegatingServletProxy

 

3.配置web.xml

初始化springcontext,与filter中的说明一致。

<context-param>

              <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

              <param-value>

                     /WEB-INF/spring-configs/base/applicationContext.xml

              </param-value>

</context-param>

<listener>

        <listener-class>

            org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener

        </listener-class>

</listener>

 

4.Servlet配置:

 

ServletToBeanProxy代理的配置

<servlet>

        <servlet-name>springServlet</servlet-name>

        <servlet-class>

                  com.jsptpd.jczc.temp.proxy.ServletToBeanProxy

        </servlet-class>

        <init-param>

            <param-name>targetBean</param-name>

            <param-value>springServlet</param-value>

        </init-param>

</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>

              <servlet-name> springServlet </servlet-name>

              <url-pattern>/gongguantest.htc</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

 

DelegatingServletProxy代理的配置

<servlet>

        <servlet-name>springServlet</servlet-name>

        <servlet-class>

            com.jsptpd.jczc.temp.proxy.DelegatingServletProxy

        </servlet-class>

</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>

              <servlet-name> springServlet </servlet-name>

              <url-pattern>/gongguantest.htc</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

OK!servlet的配置完成。推荐使用DelegatingServletProxy,配置上更简单。

 

备注:红色即为要和applicationContext.xml中为filterservlet配置的beanid相同