同步访问共享的可变数据 札记

同步访问共享的可变数据 笔记

1、一个非long或double类型的原子变量,在没有同步的情况下,不同的线程中值是不同的,不需要特意地做同步操作。

2、如果原子变量(非long或double类型)需要在线程间保持通讯,则可以使用两种方法:

public class StopThread {//backgroundThread 线程读取不到主线程中stopRequested变量的变化
    private static boolean stopRequested;

    public static void main(String[] args)
            throws InterruptedException {
        Thread backgroundThread = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                int i = 0;
                while (!stopRequested)
                    i++;
            }
        });
        backgroundThread.start();

        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
        stopRequested = true;
    }
 }

 

a、使用同步的方法,如果只是要求线程间通讯,没必要这样;如果这样做了,就要求set,get都要用上同步修饰符,否则达不到效果

public class StopThread {
    private static boolean stopRequested;
    private static synchronized void requestStop() {//set
        stopRequested = true;
    }
    private static synchronized boolean stopRequested() {//get
        return stopRequested;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args)
            throws InterruptedException {
        Thread backgroundThread = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                int i = 0;
                while (!stopRequested())
                    i++;
            }
        });
        backgroundThread.start();

        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
        requestStop();
    }
}

b、volitile修饰符不执行互斥访问,但可以使任何线程可以读取到最新写入的值

public class StopThread {
    private static volatile boolean stopRequested;

    public static void main(String[] args)
            throws InterruptedException {
        Thread backgroundThread = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                int i = 0;
                while (!stopRequested)
                    i++;
            }
        });
        backgroundThread.start();

        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
        stopRequested = true;
    }
}

3、尽量将可变数据限制在单个线程中