android 发短信、通电话、发邮件
短信
1.发送短信
需要权限 android.permission.SEND_SMS
使用android.telephony.SmsManager类
普遍使用的方式
private void sendSmsMessage(String address,String message)throws Exception
{
SmsManager smsMgr = SmsManager.getDefault();
Intent sent = new Intent();
sent.setAction("com.send");
PendingIntent sentIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this, 0, sent, 0);
Intent delivery = new Intent();
delivery.setAction("com.delivery");
PendingIntent deliveryIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this, 0, delivery , 0);
smsMgr.sendTextMessage(address, null, message, sentIntent, deliveryIntent);
}
BroadcastReceiver send = new BroadcastReceiver() {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
if("com.send".equals(intent.getAction()))
Toast.makeText(TelephonyDemo.this, "SMS send success",
Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
};
BroadcastReceiver delivery = new BroadcastReceiver() {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
if("com.delivery".equals(intent.getAction()))
Toast.makeText(TelephonyDemo.this, "SMS delivery success",
Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
};
另两种方式
sendDataMessage()接受一个附加参数以指定一个端口号，还会接受一个字节数组（不是一个String 消息）。
sendMultipartTextMessage()支持在整条消息大于SMS规范所允许的大小时发送文本消息。
SmsManager类提供了divideMessage()方法来帮助将较长的消息拆分为多个部分。
2.监视传入的SMS消息
需要权限：android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS
当设备收到SMS消息时，android会发出广播。该广播的action是android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED
该action在文档上找不到，在源码的android.provider包下能找到Telephony类，其中有这么个action,同时有参数说明
/**
* Broadcast Action: A new text based SMS message has been received
* by the device. The intent will have the following extra
* values:</p>
*
* <ul>
* <li><em>pdus</em> - An Object[] od byte[]s containing the PDUs
* that make up the message.</li>
* </ul>
*
* <p>The extra values can be extracted using
* {@link #getMessagesFromIntent(Intent)}.</p>
*
* <p>If a BroadcastReceiver encounters an error while processing
* this intent it should set the result code appropriately.</p>
*/
@SdkConstant(SdkConstantType.BROADCAST_INTENT_ACTION)
public static final String SMS_RECEIVED_ACTION =
"android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED";
具体实现
<receiver android:name="MySMSMonitor">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
public class MySMSMonitor extends BroadcastReceiver {
private static final String ACTION = "android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED";
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
{
if(intent!=null && intent.getAction()!=null &&
ACTION.compareToIgnoreCase(intent.getAction())==0)
{
Object[]pduArray = (Object[]) intent.getExtras().get("pdus");
SmsMessage[] messages = new SmsMessage[pduArray.length];
for (int i = 0; i<pduArray.length; i++) {
messages[i] = SmsMessage.createFromPdu((byte[])pduArray [i]);
Log.d("MySMSMonitor", "From: " + messages[i].getOriginatingAddress());
Log.d("MySMSMonitor", "Msg: " + messages[i].getMessageBody());
}
Log.d("MySMSMonitor","SMS Message Received.");
}
}
}
访问SMS文件夹
需要权限 android.permission.READ_SMS
要读取SMS消息，必须对SMS收件箱进行查询。如下所示
public class SMSInboxDemo extends ListActivity {
private ListAdapter adapter;
private static final Uri SMS_INBOX = Uri.parse("content://sms/inbox");
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle bundle) {
super.onCreate(bundle);
Cursor c = getContentResolver()
.query(SMS_INBOX, null, null, null, null);
startManagingCursor(c);
String[] columns = new String[] { "body" };
int[] names = new int[] { R.id.row };
adapter = new SimpleCursorAdapter(this, R.layout.sms_inbox, c, columns,
names);
setListAdapter(adapter);
}
}
以下是完整的SMS文件夹列表和每个文件夹的URI
所有文件夹 content://sms/all
收件箱 content://sms/inbox
已发送 content://sms/sent
草稿 content://sms/draft
发件箱 content://sms/outbox
发送失败 content://sms/failed
排队消息 content://sms/queued
未送达 content://sms/undelivered
对话 content://sms/conversations
发送电子邮件
android没有提供API来发送电子邮件，必须使用已注册的电子邮件应用程序。可以使用ACTION_SEND来启动电子邮件应用程序
Intent emailIntent=new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
String subject = "Hi!";
String body = "hello from android....";
String[] extra = new String[]{"aaa@bbb.com"};
emailIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, subject);
emailIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, body);
emailIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, extra);
emailIntent.setType("message/rfc822");
startActivity(emailIntent);
可以向电子邮件Intent添加的其他"extra"消息包括EXTRA_CC(抄送)、EXTRA_BCC(密送)。如果希望在邮件中发送电子邮件附件。可以使用以下代码。
emailIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM,Uri.fromFile(new File(myFileName)));
打电话
播出电话的最简单方法是使用以下代码
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL,Uri.parse("tel:12345678911"));
startActivity(intent);
这段代码需要android.permission.CALL_PHONE权限。如果没有此权限，可以将Intent的操作更改为Intent.ACTION_VIEW.这会导致Dialer应用程序显示要拨打的目标号码，用户需要按下Send按钮才能开始呼叫。
监听电话状态
监听电话状态最简单的办法是在"android.intent.action.PHONE_STATE"上实现一个广播接收程序。可采用与上面监听传入的SMS消息相同的方式。
该action可以在文档中找到
http://developer.android.com/reference/android/telephony/TelephonyManager.html#ACTION_PHONE_STATE_CHANGED
另一种方式是使用TelephonyManager
private TelephonyManager teleMgr = null;
private MyPhoneStateListener myListener = null;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
teleMgr =
(TelephonyManager)getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
myListener = new MyPhoneStateListener();
}
@Override
public void onResume() {
super.onResume();
Log.d("PhoneCallDemo", "In onResume");
teleMgr.listen(myListener, PhoneStateListener.LISTEN_CALL_STATE);
}
@Override
public void onPause() {
super.onPause();
Log.d("PhoneCallDemo", "In onPause");
teleMgr.listen(myListener, PhoneStateListener.LISTEN_NONE);
}
public class MyPhoneStateListener extends PhoneStateListener
{
@Override
public void onCallStateChanged(int state, String incomingNumber) {
super.onCallStateChanged(state, incomingNumber);
switch(state)
{
case TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_IDLE:
logText = "call state idle...incoming number is["+
incomingNumber+"]\n" + logText;
break;
case TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_RINGING:
logText = "call state ringing...incoming number is["+
incomingNumber+"]\n" + logText;
break;
case TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_OFFHOOK:
logText = "call state Offhook...incoming number is["+
incomingNumber+"]\n" + logText;
break;
default:
logText = "call state ["+state+"]incoming number is["+
incomingNumber+"]\n" + logText;
break;
}
print(logText);
}
}