django之ORM表多对多三种创建方式 多对多三种创建方式

1.全自动(推荐使用  *)

  优势:不需要你手动创建第三张表

  不足:由于第三张表不是你手动创建的,也就意味着第三张表字段是固定的无法做到扩展

class Book(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=8,decimal_places=2)
    authors = models.ManyToManyField(to='Author')

class Author(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=32)

2.纯手动(了解即可)

自己创建第三张表

优势:第三张可以任意的扩展字段

不足:orm查询不方便

class Book(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=8,decimal_places=2)


class Author(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
                
                
class Book2Author(models.Model):
    book = models.ForeignKey(to='Book')
    author = models.ForeignKey(to='Author')
    create_time = models.DateField(auto_now_add=True)

3.半自动(推荐使用*******)

优势:结合了全自动和纯手动的两个优点

class Book(models.Model):
   title = models.CharField(max_length=32)
   price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=8,decimal_places=2)
   authors = models.ManyToManyField(to='Author',through='Book2Author',through_fields=('book','author'))
# through 告诉django orm 书籍表和作者表的多对多关系是通过Book2Author来记录的
# through_fields 告诉django orm记录关系时用过Book2Author表中的book字段和author字段来记录的
"""
多对多字段的
add
set
remove
clear不支持
"""
                
                
class Author(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
        # books = models.ManyToManyField(to='Book', through='Book2Author', through_fields=('author', 'book'))


class Book2Author(models.Model):
    book = models.ForeignKey(to='Book')
    author = models.ForeignKey(to='Author')
    create_time = models.DateField(auto_now_add=True)