java类中从spring的ApplicationContext.xml中获取bean

1. 通常我们在java类中,如果想要获取applicationContext.xml中配置的bean,会采用下面方式:

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;

public class SpringConfigTest
{
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
    {
        ApplicationContext ac = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("classpath:applicationContext.xml");
        DataSource datasource = (DataSource) ac.getBean("dataSource");
        
        
    }
}

这种方式确实可以从applicationContext.xml中获取到指定id的Bean,但是效率很低,每次去getBean时都重新加载了applicationContext.xml文件,在web开发中是不建议直接这样用的,可以采用下面的方法

2. Spring中提供了获取ApplicationContext对象的接口,在 org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware中我们只需实现 ApplicationContextAware接口的setApplicationContext方法,然后在Spring的配置文件 applicationContext.xml中 注册实现ApplicationContextAware接口的类的类,并用静态的 ApplicationContext变量把ApplicationContext保存下来,就可以了(并在web.xml中配置只要配置了spring监听器,那么在服务启动时读取配置文件并为applicationContext赋值,然后就可以随心所欲的使用静态的ApplicationContext了

步骤1:写一个类实现ApplicationContextAware,并实现setApplicationContext()方法.

import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;

public class SpringFactory implements ApplicationContextAware
{
    private static ApplicationContext context;
    
    /**
     * 实现setApplicationContext()
     */
    public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext context)
            throws BeansException
    {
        this.context = context;
    }
    
    /**
     * 从applicationContext中获取指定id的bean
     * @param id要获取的springBean的id
     * @return
     */
    public static Object getObject(String id) {
        Object object = null;
        object = context.getBean(id);
        return object;
     }

}

步骤2:在spring的applicationContext.xml中配置该bean

<!-- 注入SpringFactory类 -->
    <bean id="springfactory"  class="com.espeed.util.SpringFactory">
    </bean>

步骤3:web.xml中要配置spring监听器(目的容器启动时就加载applicationContext.xml)

<!-- 配置spring监听器 -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>
            org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
        </listener-class>
    </listener>

步骤 4. 现在开始就可以在项目中j使用SpringFactory类获取指定id的Bean了(必须服务器启动下,去测试,否则肯定是空指针异常)

public class DBUtil 
{
    private  static  DataSource dataSource;
    static
    {
        dataSource =  (DataSource) SpringFactory.getObject("dataSource");
        
    }
    //获得连接
    public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException
    {
        return dataSource.getConnection();
    }