java验证码组件kaptcha使用方法
使用方法：
项目中导入kaptcha-2.3.jar包
在web.xml里面新增：
<!-- 登陆验证码Kaptcha -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>Kaptcha</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.google.code.kaptcha.servlet.KaptchaServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>kaptcha.producer.impl</param-name>
<param-value>com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultKaptcha </param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>kaptcha.textproducer.font.color</param-name>
<param-value>black</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>kaptcha.textproducer.char.space</param-name>
<param-value>10</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>kaptcha.border</param-name>
<param-value>no</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>kaptcha.border.thickness</param-name>
<param-value>0</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>kaptcha.textproducer.font.size</param-name>
<param-value>35</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>kaptcha.textproducer.char.length</param-name>
<param-value>4</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>kaptcha.image.width</param-name>
<param-value>150</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>kaptcha.image.height</param-name>
<param-value>50</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>kaptcha.background.clear.from</param-name>
<param-value>255,255,255</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>kaptcha.background.clear.to</param-name>
<param-value>255,255,255</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>kaptcha.textproducer.char.string</param-name>
<param-value>0123456789</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>kaptcha.textproducer.font.names</param-name>
<param-value>Arial Black</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>kaptcha.noise.impl</param-name>
<param-value>com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.NoNoise</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>Kaptcha</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/kaptcha.jpg</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
在页面上新增
<img +Math.random();
}
在action里获取验证码ID：
request.getSession().getAttribute(com.google.code.kaptcha.Constants.KAPTCHA_SESSION_KEY);
Jcaptcha验证码生成组件用法
1.创建项目JcaptchaDemo
2.引入相关.jar文件
jcaptcha-1.0-all.jar；
commons-logging-1.0.4.jar；
commons-collections-2.1.1.jar
3.创建GMailEngine，仿照JCaptcha2.0编写GMail验证码样式的图片引擎.，具体的代码如下：
设置生成验证的样式就是在这里设置。
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.image.ImageFilter;
import com.octo.captcha.component.image.backgroundgenerator.BackgroundGenerator;
import com.octo.captcha.component.image.backgroundgenerator.UniColorBackgroundGenerator;
import com.octo.captcha.component.image.color.RandomListColorGenerator;
import com.octo.captcha.component.image.deformation.ImageDeformation;
import com.octo.captcha.component.image.deformation.ImageDeformationByFilters;
import com.octo.captcha.component.image.fontgenerator.FontGenerator;
import com.octo.captcha.component.image.fontgenerator.RandomFontGenerator;
import com.octo.captcha.component.image.textpaster.DecoratedRandomTextPaster;
import com.octo.captcha.component.image.textpaster.TextPaster;
import com.octo.captcha.component.image.textpaster.textdecorator.TextDecorator;
import com.octo.captcha.component.image.wordtoimage.DeformedComposedWordToImage;
import com.octo.captcha.component.image.wordtoimage.WordToImage;
import com.octo.captcha.component.word.FileDictionary;
import com.octo.captcha.component.word.wordgenerator.ComposeDictionaryWordGenerator;
import com.octo.captcha.component.word.wordgenerator.WordGenerator;
import com.octo.captcha.engine.image.ListImageCaptchaEngine;
import com.octo.captcha.image.gimpy.GimpyFactory;
/**
* 仿照JCaptcha2.0编写GMail验证码样式的图片引擎.
* @author Administrator
*/
public class GMailEngine extends ListImageCaptchaEngine {
@Override
protected void buildInitialFactories() {
int minWordLength = 4;
int maxWordLength = 5;
int fontSize = 24;
int imageWidth = 100;
int imageHeight = 40;
//word generator
WordGenerator dictionnaryWords = new ComposeDictionaryWordGenerator(new FileDictionary("toddlist"));
//word2image components
TextPaster randomPaster = new DecoratedRandomTextPaster(
minWordLength,
maxWordLength,
new RandomListColorGenerator(new Color[] {
new Color(23, 170, 27),
new Color(220, 34, 11),
new Color(23, 67, 172)
}),
new TextDecorator[] {}
);
BackgroundGenerator background = new UniColorBackgroundGenerator(imageWidth, imageHeight, Color.white);
FontGenerator font = new RandomFontGenerator(
fontSize,
fontSize,
new Font[] {
new Font("nyala", Font.BOLD, fontSize),
new Font("Bell MT", Font.PLAIN, fontSize),
new Font("Credit valley", Font.BOLD, fontSize)
});
ImageDeformation postDef = new ImageDeformationByFilters(new ImageFilter[] {});
ImageDeformation backDef = new ImageDeformationByFilters(new ImageFilter[] {});
ImageDeformation textDef = new ImageDeformationByFilters(new ImageFilter[] {});
WordToImage word2image = new DeformedComposedWordToImage(font, background, randomPaster, backDef, textDef,postDef);
addFactory(new GimpyFactory(dictionnaryWords, word2image));
}
}
4.在这里创建一个单例类：
import com.octo.captcha.service.captchastore.FastHashMapCaptchaStore;
import com.octo.captcha.service.image.DefaultManageableImageCaptchaService;
import com.octo.captcha.service.image.ImageCaptchaService;
public class CaptchaServiceSingleton {
private static ImageCaptchaService instance = new DefaultManageableImageCaptchaService(new FastHashMapCaptchaStore(), new GMailEngine(), 180, 100000,75000);
public static ImageCaptchaService getInstance() {
return instance;
}
}
5.创建ImageCaptchaServlet.java，它是一个Servlet
图片src，制定这个Servlet在Web.xml中配置的名称，获取验证码图片。具体的内容如下：
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.octo.captcha.service.CaptchaServiceException;
import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGCodec;
import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGImageEncoder;
public class ImageCaptchaServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public ImageCaptchaServlet() {
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
byte[] captchaChallengeAsJpeg = null;
ByteArrayOutputStream jpegOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
try {
String captchaId = request.getSession().getId();
BufferedImage challenge = CaptchaServiceSingleton.getInstance().getImageChallengeForID(captchaId,request.getLocale());
JPEGImageEncoder jpegEncoder = JPEGCodec.createJPEGEncoder(jpegOutputStream);
jpegEncoder.encode(challenge);
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
response.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_NOT_FOUND);
return;
} catch (CaptchaServiceException e) {
response.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
return;
}
captchaChallengeAsJpeg = jpegOutputStream.toByteArray();
// flush it in the response
response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-store");
response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
ServletOutputStream responseOutputStream = response.getOutputStream();
responseOutputStream.write(captchaChallengeAsJpeg);
responseOutputStream.flush();
responseOutputStream.close();
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
}
}
6.创建index.jsp以及sample.jsp
index.jsp
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="sample.jsp">
<table style="300px; height:30px;" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" border="1">
<tr>
<td align="right">
<input type='text' name='j_captcha_response' value=''>
</td>
<td align="left">
<img src="ImageCaptchaServlet">
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
sample.jsp：处理检验验证码
<%@page import="com.octo.captcha.service.CaptchaServiceException"%>
<%@page import="com.zsw.servlet.CaptchaServiceSingleton"%>
<%
Boolean isResponseCorrect = Boolean.FALSE;
String captchaId = request.getSession().getId();
String responsestr = request.getParameter("j_captcha_response");
try {
isResponseCorrect = CaptchaServiceSingleton.getInstance().validateResponseForID(captchaId, responsestr);
if(isResponseCorrect){
}else{
out.print("It's worng......");
}
} catch (CaptchaServiceException e) {
}
%>
7.启动服务，运行程序效果如下：
8, 对设置验证样式的引擎类，进行重构，及支持验证码有背景图片
8.1 创建com.zsw.captcha包，将相关背景图片放入该包中；
8.2 创建JCaptchaEngine.java，具体内容如下：
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import com.octo.captcha.component.image.backgroundgenerator.BackgroundGenerator;
import com.octo.captcha.component.image.backgroundgenerator.FileReaderRandomBackgroundGenerator;
import com.octo.captcha.component.image.color.RandomListColorGenerator;
import com.octo.captcha.component.image.fontgenerator.FontGenerator;
import com.octo.captcha.component.image.fontgenerator.RandomFontGenerator;
import com.octo.captcha.component.image.textpaster.DecoratedRandomTextPaster;
import com.octo.captcha.component.image.textpaster.TextPaster;
import com.octo.captcha.component.image.textpaster.textdecorator.TextDecorator;
import com.octo.captcha.component.image.wordtoimage.ComposedWordToImage;
import com.octo.captcha.component.image.wordtoimage.WordToImage;
import com.octo.captcha.component.word.wordgenerator.RandomWordGenerator;
import com.octo.captcha.component.word.wordgenerator.WordGenerator;
import com.octo.captcha.engine.image.ListImageCaptchaEngine;
import com.octo.captcha.image.gimpy.GimpyFactory;
/**
* 生成验证码图片
*/
public class JCaptchaEngine extends ListImageCaptchaEngine {
public static final String IMAGE_CAPTCHA_KEY = "imageCaptcha";// ImageCaptcha对象存放在Session中的key
public static final String CAPTCHA_INPUT_NAME = "j_captcha";// 验证码输入表单名称
public static final String CAPTCHA_IMAGE_URL = "/captcha.jpg";// 验证码图片URL
private static final Integer MIN_WORD_LENGTH = 4;// 验证码最小长度
private static final Integer MAX_WORD_LENGTH = 4;// 验证码最大长度
private static final Integer IMAGE_HEIGHT = 28;// 验证码图片高度
private static final Integer IMAGE_WIDTH = 80;// 验证码图片宽度
private static final Integer MIN_FONT_SIZE = 16;// 验证码最小字体
private static final Integer MAX_FONT_SIZE = 16;// 验证码最大字体
private static final String RANDOM_WORD = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";// 随机字符
private static final String IMAGE_PATH = "./com/zsw/captcha/";// 随机背景图片路径
// 验证码随机字体
private static final Font[] RANDOM_FONT = new Font[] {
new Font("nyala", Font.BOLD, MIN_FONT_SIZE),
new Font("Arial", Font.BOLD, MIN_FONT_SIZE),
new Font("Bell MT", Font.BOLD, MIN_FONT_SIZE),
new Font("Credit valley", Font.BOLD, MIN_FONT_SIZE),
new Font("Impact", Font.BOLD, MIN_FONT_SIZE)
};
// 验证码随机颜色
private static final Color[] RANDOM_COLOR = new Color[] {
new Color(255, 255, 255),
new Color(255, 220, 220),
new Color(220, 255, 255),
new Color(220, 220, 255),
new Color(255, 255, 220),
new Color(220, 255, 220)
};
// 生成验证码
@Override
protected void buildInitialFactories() {
RandomListColorGenerator randomListColorGenerator = new RandomListColorGenerator(RANDOM_COLOR);// 验证码随机颜色
BackgroundGenerator backgroundGenerator = new FileReaderRandomBackgroundGenerator(IMAGE_WIDTH, IMAGE_HEIGHT, IMAGE_PATH); //验证码背景图片
WordGenerator wordGenerator = new RandomWordGenerator(RANDOM_WORD);
FontGenerator fontGenerator = new RandomFontGenerator(MIN_FONT_SIZE, MAX_FONT_SIZE, RANDOM_FONT);// 验证码随机字体
TextDecorator[] textDecorator = new TextDecorator[] {};
TextPaster textPaster = new DecoratedRandomTextPaster(MIN_WORD_LENGTH, MAX_WORD_LENGTH, randomListColorGenerator, textDecorator);
WordToImage wordToImage = new ComposedWordToImage(fontGenerator, backgroundGenerator, textPaster);
addFactory(new GimpyFactory(wordGenerator, wordToImage));
}
}
8.3 修改第4步中的单例类，具体内容如下：
import com.octo.captcha.service.captchastore.FastHashMapCaptchaStore;
import com.octo.captcha.service.image.DefaultManageableImageCaptchaService;
import com.octo.captcha.service.image.ImageCaptchaService;
import com.zsw.common.JCaptchaEngine;
public class CaptchaServiceSingleton {
private static ImageCaptchaService instance = new DefaultManageableImageCaptchaService(new FastHashMapCaptchaStore(), new JCaptchaEngine(), 180, 100000,75000);
public static ImageCaptchaService getInstance() {
return instance;
}
}
8.4 运行启动，效果图如下：