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【spring-boot】spring-boot-配置嵌入式Servlet容器学习

分类: IT文章 • 2023-03-22 13:27:21

8、配置嵌入式Servlet容器

SpringBoot默认使用Tomcat作为嵌入式的Servlet容器；

问题？

1）、如何定制和修改Servlet容器的相关配置；

1、修改和server有关的配置（ServerProperties【也是EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer】）；

server.port=8081
server.context-path=/crud
​
server.tomcat.uri-encoding=UTF-8
​
//通用的Servlet容器设置
server.xxx
//Tomcat的设置
server.tomcat.xxx=8081
server.context-path=/crud
​
server.tomcat.uri-encoding=UTF-8
​
//通用的Servlet容器设置
server.xxx
//Tomcat的设置
server.tomcat.xxx

2、编写一个EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer：嵌入式的Servlet容器的定制器；来修改Servlet容器的配置

@Bean  //一定要将这个定制器加入到容器中
public EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer embeddedServletContainerCustomizer(){
    return new EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer() {
​
        //定制嵌入式的Servlet容器相关的规则
        @Override
        public void customize(ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer container) {
            container.setPort(8083);
        }
    };
}  //一定要将这个定制器加入到容器中
public EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer embeddedServletContainerCustomizer(){
    return new EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer() {
​
        //定制嵌入式的Servlet容器相关的规则
        @Override
        public void customize(ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer container) {
            container.setPort(8083);
        }
    };
}

2）、注册Servlet三大组件【Servlet、Filter、Listener】

由于SpringBoot默认是以jar包的方式启动嵌入式的Servlet容器来启动SpringBoot的web应用，没有web.xml文件。

注册三大组件用以下方式

ServletRegistrationBean

//注册三大组件
@Bean
public ServletRegistrationBean myServlet(){
    ServletRegistrationBean registrationBean = new ServletRegistrationBean(new MyServlet(),"/myServlet");
    return registrationBean;
}
​
@Bean
public ServletRegistrationBean myServlet(){
    ServletRegistrationBean registrationBean = new ServletRegistrationBean(new MyServlet(),"/myServlet");
    return registrationBean;
}
​

FilterRegistrationBean

@Bean
public FilterRegistrationBean myFilter(){
    FilterRegistrationBean registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean();
    registrationBean.setFilter(new MyFilter());
    registrationBean.setUrlPatterns(Arrays.asList("/hello","/myServlet"));
    return registrationBean;
}
public FilterRegistrationBean myFilter(){
    FilterRegistrationBean registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean();
    registrationBean.setFilter(new MyFilter());
    registrationBean.setUrlPatterns(Arrays.asList("/hello","/myServlet"));
    return registrationBean;
}

ServletListenerRegistrationBean

@Bean
public ServletListenerRegistrationBean myListener(){
    ServletListenerRegistrationBean<MyListener> registrationBean = new ServletListenerRegistrationBean<>(new MyListener());
    return registrationBean;
}
public ServletListenerRegistrationBean myListener(){
    ServletListenerRegistrationBean<MyListener> registrationBean = new ServletListenerRegistrationBean<>(new MyListener());
    return registrationBean;
}

SpringBoot帮我们自动SpringMVC的时候，自动的注册SpringMVC的前端控制器；DIspatcherServlet；

DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration中：

@Bean(name = DEFAULT_DISPATCHER_SERVLET_REGISTRATION_BEAN_NAME)
@ConditionalOnBean(value = DispatcherServlet.class, name = DEFAULT_DISPATCHER_SERVLET_BEAN_NAME)
public ServletRegistrationBean dispatcherServletRegistration(
      DispatcherServlet dispatcherServlet) {
   ServletRegistrationBean registration = new ServletRegistrationBean(
         dispatcherServlet, this.serverProperties.getServletMapping());
    //默认拦截： /  所有请求；包静态资源，但是不拦截jsp请求；   /*会拦截jsp
    //可以通过server.servletPath来修改SpringMVC前端控制器默认拦截的请求路径
    
   registration.setName(DEFAULT_DISPATCHER_SERVLET_BEAN_NAME);
   registration.setLoadOnStartup(
         this.webMvcProperties.getServlet().getLoadOnStartup());
   if (this.multipartConfig != null) {
      registration.setMultipartConfig(this.multipartConfig);
   }
   return registration;
}
​(name = DEFAULT_DISPATCHER_SERVLET_REGISTRATION_BEAN_NAME)
@ConditionalOnBean(value = DispatcherServlet.class, name = DEFAULT_DISPATCHER_SERVLET_BEAN_NAME)
public ServletRegistrationBean dispatcherServletRegistration(
      DispatcherServlet dispatcherServlet) {
   ServletRegistrationBean registration = new ServletRegistrationBean(
         dispatcherServlet, this.serverProperties.getServletMapping());
    //默认拦截： /  所有请求；包静态资源，但是不拦截jsp请求；   /*会拦截jsp
    //可以通过server.servletPath来修改SpringMVC前端控制器默认拦截的请求路径
    
   registration.setName(DEFAULT_DISPATCHER_SERVLET_BEAN_NAME);
   registration.setLoadOnStartup(
         this.webMvcProperties.getServlet().getLoadOnStartup());
   if (this.multipartConfig != null) {
      registration.setMultipartConfig(this.multipartConfig);
   }
   return registration;
}
​

2）、SpringBoot能不能支持其他的Servlet容器；

3）、替换为其他嵌入式Servlet容器

默认支持：

Tomcat（默认使用）

<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
   引入web模块默认就是使用嵌入式的Tomcat作为Servlet容器；
</dependency>dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
   引入web模块默认就是使用嵌入式的Tomcat作为Servlet容器；
</dependency>

Jetty

<!-- 引入web模块 -->
<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
   <exclusions>
      <exclusion>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      </exclusion>
   </exclusions>
</dependency>
​
<!--引入其他的Servlet容器-->
<dependency>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
   <exclusions>
      <exclusion>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      </exclusion>
   </exclusions>
</dependency>
​
<!--引入其他的Servlet容器-->
<dependency>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
</dependency>

Undertow

<!-- 引入web模块 -->
<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
   <exclusions>
      <exclusion>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      </exclusion>
   </exclusions>
</dependency>
​
<!--引入其他的Servlet容器-->
<dependency>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-undertow</artifactId>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
   <exclusions>
      <exclusion>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      </exclusion>
   </exclusions>
</dependency>
​
<!--引入其他的Servlet容器-->
<dependency>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-undertow</artifactId>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
</dependency>

4）、嵌入式Servlet容器自动配置原理；

EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration：嵌入式的Servlet容器自动配置？

@AutoConfigureOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE)
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnWebApplication
@Import(BeanPostProcessorsRegistrar.class)
//导入BeanPostProcessorsRegistrar：Spring注解版；给容器中导入一些组件
//导入了EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor：
//后置处理器：bean初始化前后（创建完对象，还没赋值赋值）执行初始化工作
public class EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration {
    
    @Configuration
    @ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, Tomcat.class })//判断当前是否引入了Tomcat依赖；
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = EmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class, search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT)//判断当前容器没有用户自己定义EmbeddedServletContainerFactory：嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂；作用：创建嵌入式的Servlet容器
    public static class EmbeddedTomcat {
​
        @Bean
        public TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory tomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory() {
            return new TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
        }
​
    }
    
    /**
     * Nested configuration if Jetty is being used.
     */
    @Configuration
    @ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, Server.class, Loader.class,
            WebAppContext.class })
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = EmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class, search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT)
    public static class EmbeddedJetty {
​
        @Bean
        public JettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory jettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory() {
            return new JettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
        }
​
    }
​
    /**
     * Nested configuration if Undertow is being used.
     */
    @Configuration
    @ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, Undertow.class, SslClientAuthMode.class })
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = EmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class, search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT)
    public static class EmbeddedUndertow {
​
        @Bean
        public UndertowEmbeddedServletContainerFactory undertowEmbeddedServletContainerFactory() {
            return new UndertowEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
        }
​
    }(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE)
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnWebApplication
@Import(BeanPostProcessorsRegistrar.class)
//导入BeanPostProcessorsRegistrar：Spring注解版；给容器中导入一些组件
//导入了EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor：
//后置处理器：bean初始化前后（创建完对象，还没赋值赋值）执行初始化工作
public class EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration {
    
    @Configuration
    @ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, Tomcat.class })//判断当前是否引入了Tomcat依赖；
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = EmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class, search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT)//判断当前容器没有用户自己定义EmbeddedServletContainerFactory：嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂；作用：创建嵌入式的Servlet容器
    public static class EmbeddedTomcat {
​
        @Bean
        public TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory tomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory() {
            return new TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
        }
​
    }
    
    /**
     * Nested configuration if Jetty is being used.
     */
    @Configuration
    @ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, Server.class, Loader.class,
            WebAppContext.class })
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = EmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class, search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT)
    public static class EmbeddedJetty {
​
        @Bean
        public JettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory jettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory() {
            return new JettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
        }
​
    }
​
    /**
     * Nested configuration if Undertow is being used.
     */
    @Configuration
    @ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, Undertow.class, SslClientAuthMode.class })
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = EmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class, search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT)
    public static class EmbeddedUndertow {
​
        @Bean
        public UndertowEmbeddedServletContainerFactory undertowEmbeddedServletContainerFactory() {
            return new UndertowEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
        }
​
    }

1）、EmbeddedServletContainerFactory（嵌入式Servlet容器工厂）

public interface EmbeddedServletContainerFactory {
​
   //获取嵌入式的Servlet容器
   EmbeddedServletContainer getEmbeddedServletContainer(
         ServletContextInitializer... initializers);
​
} interface EmbeddedServletContainerFactory {
​
   //获取嵌入式的Servlet容器
   EmbeddedServletContainer getEmbeddedServletContainer(
         ServletContextInitializer... initializers);
​
}

2）、EmbeddedServletContainer：（嵌入式的Servlet容器）

3）、以TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory为例

@Override
public EmbeddedServletContainer getEmbeddedServletContainer(
      ServletContextInitializer... initializers) {
    //创建一个Tomcat
   Tomcat tomcat = new Tomcat();
    
    //配置Tomcat的基本环节
   File baseDir = (this.baseDirectory != null ? this.baseDirectory
         : createTempDir("tomcat"));
   tomcat.setBaseDir(baseDir.getAbsolutePath());
   Connector connector = new Connector(this.protocol);
   tomcat.getService().addConnector(connector);
   customizeConnector(connector);
   tomcat.setConnector(connector);
   tomcat.getHost().setAutoDeploy(false);
   configureEngine(tomcat.getEngine());
   for (Connector additionalConnector : this.additionalTomcatConnectors) {
      tomcat.getService().addConnector(additionalConnector);
   }
   prepareContext(tomcat.getHost(), initializers);
    
    //将配置好的Tomcat传入进去，返回一个EmbeddedServletContainer；并且启动Tomcat服务器
   return getTomcatEmbeddedServletContainer(tomcat);
}
public EmbeddedServletContainer getEmbeddedServletContainer(
      ServletContextInitializer... initializers) {
    //创建一个Tomcat
   Tomcat tomcat = new Tomcat();
    
    //配置Tomcat的基本环节
   File baseDir = (this.baseDirectory != null ? this.baseDirectory
         : createTempDir("tomcat"));
   tomcat.setBaseDir(baseDir.getAbsolutePath());
   Connector connector = new Connector(this.protocol);
   tomcat.getService().addConnector(connector);
   customizeConnector(connector);
   tomcat.setConnector(connector);
   tomcat.getHost().setAutoDeploy(false);
   configureEngine(tomcat.getEngine());
   for (Connector additionalConnector : this.additionalTomcatConnectors) {
      tomcat.getService().addConnector(additionalConnector);
   }
   prepareContext(tomcat.getHost(), initializers);
    
    //将配置好的Tomcat传入进去，返回一个EmbeddedServletContainer；并且启动Tomcat服务器
   return getTomcatEmbeddedServletContainer(tomcat);
}

4）、我们对嵌入式容器的配置修改是怎么生效？

ServerProperties、EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer

EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer：定制器帮我们修改了Servlet容器的配置？

怎么修改的原理？

5）、容器中导入了EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor

//初始化之前
@Override
public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName)
      throws BeansException {
    //如果当前初始化的是一个ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer类型的组件
   if (bean instanceof ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer) {
       //
      postProcessBeforeInitialization((ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer) bean);
   }
   return bean;
}
​
private void postProcessBeforeInitialization(
            ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer bean) {
    //获取所有的定制器，调用每一个定制器的customize方法来给Servlet容器进行属性赋值；
    for (EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer customizer : getCustomizers()) {
        customizer.customize(bean);
    }
}
​
private Collection<EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer> getCustomizers() {
    if (this.customizers == null) {
        // Look up does not include the parent context
        this.customizers = new ArrayList<EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer>(
            this.beanFactory
            //从容器中获取所有这葛类型的组件：EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer
            //定制Servlet容器，给容器中可以添加一个EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer类型的组件
            .getBeansOfType(EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer.class,
                            false, false)
            .values());
        Collections.sort(this.customizers, AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.INSTANCE);
        this.customizers = Collections.unmodifiableList(this.customizers);
    }
    return this.customizers;
}
​
ServerProperties也是定制器
@Override
public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName)
      throws BeansException {
    //如果当前初始化的是一个ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer类型的组件
   if (bean instanceof ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer) {
       //
      postProcessBeforeInitialization((ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer) bean);
   }
   return bean;
}
​
private void postProcessBeforeInitialization(
            ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer bean) {
    //获取所有的定制器，调用每一个定制器的customize方法来给Servlet容器进行属性赋值；
    for (EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer customizer : getCustomizers()) {
        customizer.customize(bean);
    }
}
​
private Collection<EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer> getCustomizers() {
    if (this.customizers == null) {
        // Look up does not include the parent context
        this.customizers = new ArrayList<EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer>(
            this.beanFactory
            //从容器中获取所有这葛类型的组件：EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer
            //定制Servlet容器，给容器中可以添加一个EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer类型的组件
            .getBeansOfType(EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer.class,
                            false, false)
            .values());
        Collections.sort(this.customizers, AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.INSTANCE);
        this.customizers = Collections.unmodifiableList(this.customizers);
    }
    return this.customizers;
}
​
ServerProperties也是定制器

步骤：

1）、SpringBoot根据导入的依赖情况，给容器中添加相应的EmbeddedServletContainerFactory【TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory】

2）、容器中某个组件要创建对象就会惊动后置处理器；EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor；

只要是嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂，后置处理器就工作；

3）、后置处理器，从容器中获取所有的EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer，调用定制器的定制方法

5）、嵌入式Servlet容器启动原理；

什么时候创建嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂？什么时候获取嵌入式的Servlet容器并启动Tomcat；

获取嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂：

1）、SpringBoot应用启动运行run方法

2）、refreshContext(context);SpringBoot刷新IOC容器【创建IOC容器对象，并初始化容器，创建容器中的每一个组件】；如果是web应用创建AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext，否则：AnnotationConfigApplicationContext

3）、refresh(context);刷新刚才创建好的ioc容器；

public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
   synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
      // Prepare this context for refreshing.
      prepareRefresh();
​
      // Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
      ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();
​
      // Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
      prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);
​
      try {
         // Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
         postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);
​
         // Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
         invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);
​
         // Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
         registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);
​
         // Initialize message source for this context.
         initMessageSource();
​
         // Initialize event multicaster for this context.
         initApplicationEventMulticaster();
​
         // Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
         onRefresh();
​
         // Check for listener beans and register them.
         registerListeners();
​
         // Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
         finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);
​
         // Last step: publish corresponding event.
         finishRefresh();
      }
​
      catch (BeansException ex) {
         if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
            logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
                  "cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
         }
​
         // Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
         destroyBeans();
​
         // Reset 'active' flag.
         cancelRefresh(ex);
​
         // Propagate exception to caller.
         throw ex;
      }
​
      finally {
         // Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we
         // might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...
         resetCommonCaches();
      }
   }
} void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
   synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
      // Prepare this context for refreshing.
      prepareRefresh();
​
      // Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
      ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();
​
      // Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
      prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);
​
      try {
         // Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
         postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);
​
         // Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
         invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);
​
         // Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
         registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);
​
         // Initialize message source for this context.
         initMessageSource();
​
         // Initialize event multicaster for this context.
         initApplicationEventMulticaster();
​
         // Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
         onRefresh();
​
         // Check for listener beans and register them.
         registerListeners();
​
         // Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
         finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);
​
         // Last step: publish corresponding event.
         finishRefresh();
      }
​
      catch (BeansException ex) {
         if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
            logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
                  "cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
         }
​
         // Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
         destroyBeans();
​
         // Reset 'active' flag.
         cancelRefresh(ex);
​
         // Propagate exception to caller.
         throw ex;
      }
​
      finally {
         // Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we
         // might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...
         resetCommonCaches();
      }
   }
}

4）、 onRefresh(); web的ioc容器重写了onRefresh方法

5）、webioc容器会创建嵌入式的Servlet容器；createEmbeddedServletContainer();

6）、获取嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂：

EmbeddedServletContainerFactory containerFactory = getEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();

​ 从ioc容器中获取EmbeddedServletContainerFactory 组件；TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory创建对象，后置处理器一看是这个对象，就获取所有的定制器来先定制Servlet容器的相关配置；

7）、使用容器工厂获取嵌入式的Servlet容器：this.embeddedServletContainer = containerFactory .getEmbeddedServletContainer(getSelfInitializer());

8）、嵌入式的Servlet容器创建对象并启动Servlet容器；

先启动嵌入式的Servlet容器，再将ioc容器中剩下没有创建出的对象获取出来；

==IOC容器启动创建嵌入式的Servlet容器==

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