Linux安装mysql 1 安装前的准备： 2 安装并解压 3 改变mysql的用户组 4 修改my.cnf文件的属性和权限 5 配置mysql服务和自启动 6 启动mysql并监听进程 7 修改mysql的密码 8 更改.bash_profile文件 9 开启外部访问权限
mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
2 安装并解压
在Hadoop001上安装Mysql数据库，这里数据库的版本是mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz,将mysql安装包上传到服 务器，或者从官网上下载mysql安装包.
解压mysql安装包：tar xzvf mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
解压完毕之后，将解压后的目录移动到/usr/local目录下(固定目录)，
(或者直接解压到/usr/local：tar -vxf mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local)
并改名为mysql： mv mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
3 改变mysql的用户组
将mysql添加到mysqladmin的dba用户组里
执行： groupadd -g 101 dba
useradd -u 514 -g dba -G root -d /usr/local/mysql mysqladmin
查看用户是否已添加：id mysqladmin
执行：passwd mysqladmin
更改mysqladmin 用户的密码
执行：cp /etc/skel/.* /usr/local/mysql
将环境变量配置文件拷贝到mysqladmin用户的home目录下
创建mysql的配置文件
执行： cd /etc/
vim my.cnf
进入到my.cnf文件之后，讲里面的全部内容删除，之后将以下的配置拷贝到my.cnf中：
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 256M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M
query_cache_size= 32M
max_allowed_packet = 16M
myisam_sort_buffer_size=128M
tmp_table_size=32M
table_open_cache = 512
thread_cache_size = 8
wait_timeout = 86400
interactive_timeout = 86400
max_connections = 600
thread_concurrency = 32
default-storage-engine = INNODB
transaction-isolation = READ-COMMITTED
server-id = 1
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/data/hostname.pid
log-warnings
sysdate-is-now
binlog_format = MIXED
log_bin_trust_function_creators=1
log-error = /usr/local/mysql/data/hostname.err
log-bin=/usr/local/mysql/arch/mysql-bin
innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data/
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:500M:autoextend
innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/arch
innodb_log_files_in_group = 2
innodb_log_file_size = 200M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 50M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 100
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog=1
performance_schema
innodb_read_io_threads=4
innodb-write-io-threads=4
innodb-io-capacity=200
innodb_purge_threads=1
innodb_use_native_aio=on
innodb_file_per_table = 1
lower_case_table_names=1
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 256M
sort_buffer_size = 256M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
4 修改my.cnf文件的属性和权限
执行：chown mysqladmin:dba /etc/my.cnf
chmod 640 /etc/my.cnf
chown -R mysqladmin:dba /usr/local/mysql
chmod -R 755 /usr/local/mysql
su - mysqladmin
执行完之后，看一下当前的路径
执行：pwd
看一下是否在/usr/local/mysql路径下
执行：mkdir arch backup
执行初始化脚本：
/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --user=mysqladmin
打印的日志没有报错，说明运行ok。
5 配置mysql服务和自启动
执行：su root
cd /usr/local/mysql
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql
chkconfig --del mysql
chkconfig --add mysql
chkconfig --level 345 mysql on
打开/etc/rc.local文件
执行：vim /etc/rc.local
将里面的内容都删掉，拷贝以下内容：
#!/bin/sh
#
# This script will be executed *after* all the other init scripts.
# You can put your own initialization stuff in here if you don't
# want to do the full Sys V style init stuff.
touch /var/lock/subsys/local
su - mysqladmin -c "/etc/init.d/mysql start --federated"
"/etc/rc.local" 9L, 278C written6 启动mysql并监听进程
执行：su - mysqladmin
mysqld_safe &
执行完之后回车
执行：ps -ef|grep mysqld
查看mysql的进程是否运行
执行：service mysql status
出现上图代表启动ok
7 修改mysql的密码
执行：mysql
进入到mysql的控制台
执行：use mysql
update user set password=password('root') where user='root';
这里将mysql的账号密码都设置为root
执行：select host,user,password from user;
将空字段删掉；
执行：delete from user where user='';
重新查询一遍：select host,user,password from user;
空字段删掉ok
执行：flush privileges;
退出mysql控制台；
8 更改.bash_profile文件
进入到mysql目录中，执行vim ./.bash_profile
把里面的内容清空，并粘贴以下
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
MYSQL_BASE=/usr/local/mysql
export MYSQL_BASE
PATH=${MYSQL_BASE}/bin:$PATH
export PATH
unset USERNAME
#stty erase ^H
set umask to 022
umask 022
PS1=`uname -n`":"'$USER'":"'$PWD'":>"; export PS1保存退出
9 开启外部访问权限
登录到mysql中：mysql -uroot -proot
执行：use mysql ;
grant all on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'root' ;
flush privileges;