HTTP协议
1、HTTP协议简介
HTTP协议是Hyper Text Transfer Protocol（超文本传输协议）的缩写,是用于从万维网（WWW:World Wide Web ）服务器传输超文本到本地浏览器的传送协议。
HTTP是一个基于TCP/IP通信协议来传递数据（HTML 文件, 图片文件, 查询结果等）。
2、HTTP工作原理
HTTP协议工作于客户端-服务端架构上。浏览器作为HTTP客户端通过URL向HTTP服务端即WEB服务器发送所有请求。
Web服务器有：Apache服务器，IIS服务器（Internet Information Services）等。
Web服务器根据接收到的请求后，向客户端发送响应信息。
HTTP默认端口号为80，但是你也可以改为8080或者其他端口。
HTTP三点注意事项：
- HTTP是无连接：无连接的含义是限制每次连接只处理一个请求。服务器处理完客户的请求，并收到客户的应答后，即断开连接。采用这种方式可以节省传输时间。
- HTTP是媒体独立的：这意味着，只要客户端和服务器知道如何处理的数据内容，任何类型的数据都可以通过HTTP发送。客户端以及服务器指定合适的MIME-type内容类型。
- HTTP是无状态：HTTP协议是无状态协议。无状态是指协议对事物处理没有记忆能力。缺少状态意味着如何后续处理需要前面的信息，则它必须重传，这样可能导致每次连接传送的数据量增大。另一方面，在服务器不需要先前信息时它的应答就较快。
下图展示了HTTP协议通信流程：
3、HTTP消息结构
HTTP是基于客户端/服务端（C/S）的架构模型，通过一个可靠的链接来交换信息，是一个无状态的请求/响应协议。
一个HTTP"客户端"是一个应用程序（Web浏览器或其他任何客户端），通过连接到服务器达到向服务器发送一个或多个HTTP的请求的目的。
一个HTTP"服务器"同样也是一个应用程序（通常是一个Web服务，如Apache Web服务器或IIS服务器等），通过接收客户端的请求并向客户端发送HTTP响应数据。
HTTP使用统一资源标识符（Uniform Resource Identifiers, URI）来传输数据和建立连接。
一旦建立连接后，数据消息就通过类似Internet邮件所使用的格式[RFC5322]和多用途Internet邮件扩展（MIME）[RFC2045]来传送。
3.1、客户端请求消息
客户端发送一个HTTP请求到服务器的请求消息包括以下格式：请求行（request line）、请求头部（header）、空行和请求数据四个部分组成，下图给出了请求报文的一般格式。
浏览器访问http://www.runoob.com/http/http-tutorial.html请求消息内容：
GET http://www.runoob.com/http/http-tutorial.html HTTP/1.1
Host: www.runoob.com
Connection: keep-alive
Cache-Control: max-age=0
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/57.0.2987.98 Safari/537.36 LBBROWSER
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8
Referer: http://www.runoob.com/http/http-tutorial.html
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, sdch
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.8
Cookie: __uid=22ebaa94c4c85d5bb897eec286316430; Hm_lvt_8e2a116daf0104a78d601f40a45c75b4=1531712410,1531712907,1531731129,1531875825; _gat_gtag_UA_84264393_2=1; SERVERID=3a4d90ce271dac423615bd00bfd9dc97|1538454183|1538454173; Hm_lvt_3eec0b7da6548cf07db3bc477ea905ee=1538403919,1538443038,1538446304,1538446308; Hm_lpvt_3eec0b7da6548cf07db3bc477ea905ee=1538454191; _ga=GA1.2.1982042162.1531825555; _gid=GA1.2.1749171910.1538324309
3.1.1、请求行
GET http://www.runoob.com/http/http-tutorial.html HTTP/1.1
解析：
请求方法：GET
URL：http://www.runoob.com/http/http-tutorial.html
协议版本：HTTP/1.1
3.1.2、请求头部
Host: www.runoob.com
Connection: keep-alive
Cache-Control: max-age=0
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/57.0.2987.98 Safari/537.36 LBBROWSER
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8
Referer: http://www.runoob.com/http/http-tutorial.html
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, sdch
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.8
Cookie: __uid=22ebaa94c4c85d5bb897eec286316430; Hm_lvt_8e2a116daf0104a78d601f40a45c75b4=1531712410,1531712907,1531731129,1531875825; _gat_gtag_UA_84264393_2=1; SERVERID=3a4d90ce271dac423615bd00bfd9dc97|1538454183|1538454173; Hm_lvt_3eec0b7da6548cf07db3bc477ea905ee=1538403919,1538443038,1538446304,1538446308; Hm_lpvt_3eec0b7da6548cf07db3bc477ea905ee=1538454191; _ga=GA1.2.1982042162.1531825555; _gid=GA1.2.1749171910.1538324309
Fiddler软件解析：
3.1.3、请求数据（请求体）
请求数据为可以有，可以没有。
3.2、服务器响应消息
HTTP响应也由四个部分组成，分别是：状态行、消息报头、空行和响应正文。
浏览器访问http://www.runoob.com/http/http-tutorial.html，服务器响应内容：
HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: Tengine Content-Type: text/html Content-Length: 46318 Connection: keep-alive Date: Mon, 01 Oct 2018 07:22:39 GMT X-Powered-By: HHVM/3.28.1 Vary: Accept-Encoding Via: cache43.l2st3-1[0,200-0,H], cache25.l2st3-1[2,0], kunlun7.cn257[0,200-0,H], kunlun6.cn257[0,0] Age: 75638 Ali-Swift-Global-Savetime: 1538446306 X-Cache: HIT TCP_MEM_HIT dirn:1:11089010 X-Swift-SaveTime: Tue, 02 Oct 2018 02:11:46 GMT X-Swift-CacheTime: 86400 Timing-Allow-Origin: * EagleId: de551ac615384541979717849e <!Doctype html> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> <meta property="qc:admins" content="465267610762567726375" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <title>HTTP 教程 | 菜鸟教程</title> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//s.w.org' /> <link rel="canonical" href="http://www.runoob.com/http/http-tutorial.html" /> <meta name="keywords" content="HTTP 教程,HTTP"> <meta name="description" content="HTTP 教程 HTTP协议（HyperText Transfer Protocol，超文本传输协议）是因特网上应用最为广泛的一种网络传输协议，所有的WWW文件都必须遵守这个标准。 HTTP是一个基于TCP/IP通信协议来传递数据（HTML 文件, 图片文件, 查询结果等）。 内容列表 HTTP 简介 本章节介绍了HTTP协议。 HTTP 消息结构 本章节介绍了HTTP消息结构 HTTP 方法 本章节介绍了HTTP的方法，包括.."> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="//static.runoob.com/images/favicon.ico" mce_href="//static.runoob.com/images/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" > <link rel="stylesheet" href="/wp-content/themes/runoob/style.css?v=1.147" type="text/css" media="all" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//cdn.bootcss.com/font-awesome/4.7.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" media="all" /> <!--[if gte IE 9]><!--> <script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/2.0.3/jquery.min.js"></script> <!--<![endif]--> <!--[if lt IE 9]> <script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/1.9.1/jquery.min.js"></script> <script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/html5shiv/r29/html5.min.js"></script> <![endif]--> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="//static.runoob.com/images/icon/mobile-icon.png"/> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-title" content="菜鸟教程"> </head> <body> <!-- 头部 --> 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href="/js/js-tutorial.html">JS</a></li> <li><a href="/browser-history">本地书签</a></li> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="search-reveal">Search</a> </ul> </div> </div> </div><!-- 内容 --> <div class="container main"> <!-- 中间 --> <div class="row"> <div class="col left-column"> <div class="tab">HTTP 教程 <a data-cate="50" href="javascript:void(0);" title="夜间模式" id="moon"><i class="fa fa-moon-o" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 1.4em;float: right;margin: 4px 6px 0;"></i></a> <a data-cate="50" style="display:none;" href="javascript:void(0);" title="日间模式" id="sun" ><i class="fa fa-sun-o" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 1.4em;float: right;margin: 4px 6px 0;"></i></a> </div> <div class="sidebar-box gallery-list"> <div class="design" id="leftcolumn"> <a target="_top" title="HTTP 教程" href="/http/http-tutorial.html" > HTTP 教程 </a> <a target="_top" title="HTTP 简介" href="/http/http-intro.html" > HTTP 简介 </a> <a target="_top" title="HTTP 消息结构" href="/http/http-messages.html" > HTTP 消息结构 </a> <a target="_top" title="HTTP请求方法" href="/http/http-methods.html" > HTTP请求方法 </a> <a target="_top" title="HTTP 响应头信息" href="/http/http-header-fields.html" > HTTP 响应头信息 </a> <a target="_top" title="HTTP状态码" href="/http/http-status-codes.html" > HTTP状态码 </a> <a target="_top" title="HTTP content-type" href="/http/http-content-type.html" > HTTP content-type </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col middle-column"> <div class="article"> <div class="article-heading-ad" style="display: none;"> </div> <div class="previous-next-links"> <div class="previous-design-link"><i style="font-size:16px;" class="fa fa-arrow-left" aria-hidden="true"></i> <a href="http://www.runoob.com/http/http-status-codes.html" rel="prev"> HTTP状态码</a> </div> <div class="next-design-link"><a href="http://www.runoob.com/http/http-content-type.html" rel="next"> HTTP content-type</a> <i style="font-size:16px;" class="fa fa-arrow-right" aria-hidden="true"></i></div> </div> <div class="article-body"> <div class="article-intro" id="content"> <h1>HTTP 教程</h1><hr> <div class="tutintro"> <p>HTTP协议（HyperText Transfer Protocol，超文本传输协议）是因特网上应用最为广泛的一种网络传输协议，所有的WWW文件都必须遵守这个标准。</p> <p>HTTP是一个基于TCP/IP通信协议来传递数据（HTML 文件, 图片文件, 查询结果等）。</p> </div> <hr> <h3><span style="text-decoration: underline;">内容列表</span></h3> <p><a href="/http/http-intro.html">HTTP 简介</a><br> 本章节介绍了HTTP协议。</p> <p><a href="/http/http-messages.html">HTTP 消息结构</a><br> 本章节介绍了HTTP消息结构</p> <p><a href="/http/http-methods.html">HTTP 方法</a><br> 本章节介绍了HTTP的方法，包括 GET, POST, HEAD 等。</p> <p><a href="/http/http-header-fields.html">HTTP 头信息</a><br> 本章节介绍了HTTP的头信息</p> <p><a href="/http/http-status-codes.html">HTTP 状态码</a><br> 本章节列出了所有HTTP的状态码。</p> </div> </div> <div class="previous-next-links"> <div class="previous-design-link"><i style="font-size:16px;" class="fa fa-arrow-left" aria-hidden="true"></i> <a href="http://www.runoob.com/http/http-status-codes.html" rel="prev"> HTTP状态码</a> </div> <div class="next-design-link"><a 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class="radiobox"></span> <span class="pay_logo"><img src="//static.runoob.com/images/dashang/wechat.jpg" alt="微信" /></span> </div> <div class="pay_item" data-id="alipay"> <span class="radiobox"></span> <span class="pay_logo"><img src="//static.runoob.com/images/dashang/alipay.jpg" alt="支付宝" /></span> </div> </div> <div class="shang_info"> <p>打开<span id="shang_pay_txt">支付宝</span>扫一扫，即可进行扫码打赏哦</p> <p><a href="//c.runoob.com/codedemo/5348" target="_blank"><span style=" font-size: 14px;color: #000;font-weight: bold;">点我查看本站打赏源码！</span></a></p> </div> </div> <div id="testClick"></div> <div style="display:none;"> <script> var _hmt = _hmt || []; (function() { var hm = document.createElement("script"); hm.src = "https://hm.baidu.com/hm.js?3eec0b7da6548cf07db3bc477ea905ee"; var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(hm, s); })(); </script> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-84264393-2"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'UA-84264393-2'); </script> </div> <script> window.jsui={ www: '//wwww.runoob.com', uri: '//www.runoob.com/wp-content/themes/runoob' }; </script> <style> ol,ul{list-style:none}.cd-switcher a{text-decoration:none;outline:0}.cd-switcher a:hover{text-decoration:underline}a:focus{outline:0;-moz-outline:0}.main_nav{width:300px;height:60px;margin:60px auto 10px auto}.main_nav li{float:left;width:60px;margin-right:10px;font-size:16px;padding:.6em 1em;border-radius:3em;background:#2f889a;text-align:center}.main_nav li a{color:#fff}.errtip{background-color:#fceaea;color:#db5353;padding:8px 15px;font-size:14px;border:1px solid #fc9797;border-radius:5px}.cd-user-modal{position:fixed;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;background:rgba(52,54,66,0.9);z-index:3;overflow-y:auto;cursor:pointer;visibility:hidden;opacity:0;-webkit-transition:opacity .3s 0,visibility 0 .3s;-moz-transition:opacity .3s 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.cd-switcher:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both}.cd-user-modal-container .cd-switcher li{width:50%;float:left;text-align:center}.cd-user-modal-container .cd-switcher li:first-child a{border-radius:.25em 0 0 0}.cd-user-modal-container .cd-switcher li:last-child a{border-radius:0 .25em 0 0}.cd-user-modal-container .cd-switcher a{font-size:1.2em;font-weight:bold;display:block;width:100%;height:50px;line-height:50px;background:#e8f1e2;color:#96b880}.cd-user-modal-container .cd-switcher a.selected{background:#FFF;color:#505260}@media only screen and (min-600px){.cd-user-modal-container{margin:4em auto}.cd-user-modal-container .cd-switcher a{height:70px;line-height:70px}}.cd-form{padding:1.4em}.cd-form .fieldset{position:relative;margin:1.4em 0}.cd-form .fieldset:first-child{margin-top:0}.cd-form .fieldset:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.cd-form label{font-size:16px;font-size:.875rem}.cd-form label.image-replace{display:inline-block;position:absolute;left:15px;top:50%;bottom:auto;-webkit-transform:translateY(-50%);-moz-transform:translateY(-50%);-ms-transform:translateY(-50%);-o-transform:translateY(-50%);transform:translateY(-50%);height:20px;width:20px;overflow:hidden;text-indent:100%;white-space:nowrap;color:transparent;text-shadow:none;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:50% 0}.cd-form label.cd-username{background-image:url("/wp-content/themes/runoob/assets/img/cd-icon-username.svg")}.cd-form label.cd-email{background-image:url("/wp-content/themes/runoob/assets/img/cd-icon-email.svg")}.cd-form label.cd-password{background-image:url("/wp-content/themes/runoob/assets/img/cd-icon-password.svg")}.cd-form input{margin:0;padding:0;border-radius:.25em}.cd-form input.full-width{width:80%}.cd-form input.full-width2{width:94%}.cd-form input.has-padding{padding:12px 20px 12px 50px}.cd-form input.has-border{border:1px solid 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0}}.cd-close-form{display:block;position:absolute;width:40px;height:40px;right:0;top:-40px;background:url("/wp-content/themes/runoob/assets/img/cd-icon-close.svg") no-repeat center center;text-indent:100%;white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden}@media only screen and (min-1170px){}#cd-login,#cd-signup,#cd-reset-password{display:none}#cd-login.is-selected,#cd-signup.is-selected,#cd-reset-password.is-selected{display:block} </style> <div class="cd-user-modal"> <div class="cd-user-modal-container"> <ul class="cd-switcher"> <li><a href="javascript:;">用户登录</a></li> <li><a href="javascript:;">注册新用户</a></li> </ul> <div id="cd-login"> <!-- 登录表单 --> <div class="cd-form"> <p class="fieldset"> <label class="image-replace cd-username" for="signin-username">用户名</label> <input class="full-width has-padding has-border" id="signin-username" name=username type="text" placeholder="输入用户名"> </p> <p class="fieldset"> <label class="image-replace cd-password" for="signin-password">密码</label> <input 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placeholder="输入用户名"> </p> <p class="fieldset"> <label class="image-replace cd-email" for="signup-email">邮箱</label> <input class="full-width has-padding has-border" name="email" id="signup-email" type="email" placeholder="输入mail"> </p> <p class="fieldset"> <label class="image-replace cd-password" for="signup-password">密码</label> <input class="full-width has-padding has-border" id="signup-password" name="password" type="password" placeholder="输入密码"> </p> <p class="fieldset"> <label class="image-replace cd-password" for="signup-password2">重复输入密码</label> <input class="full-width has-padding has-border" id="signup-password2" name="password2" type="password" placeholder="重复输入密码"> </p> <!-- <p class="fieldset"> <input type="checkbox" > <label for="accept-terms">我已阅读并同意 <a href="javascript:;">用户协议</a></label> </p> --> <input type="hidden" name="action" value="signup"> <p class="fieldset"> <input class="full-width2" type="submit" value="注册新用户"> </p> <p class="fieldset"> <a href="//www.runoob.com/w3cnote/runoob-user-test-intro.html#invite" target="_blank">如何获取邀请码？</a> </p> <div class="err-msg"></div> </div> </div> <a href="javascript:;" class="cd-close-form">关闭</a> </div> </div> <script src="/wp-content/themes/runoob/assets/js/main.js?v=1.189"></script> <script src="//static.runoob.com/assets/libs/hl/run_prettify.js"></script> </body> </html>
3.2.1、状态行
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
解析：
协议类型：HTTP/1.1
状态码：200
3.2.2、消息报头
Server: Tengine
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 46318
Connection: keep-alive
Date: Mon, 01 Oct 2018 07:22:39 GMT
X-Powered-By: HHVM/3.28.1
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Via: cache43.l2st3-1[0,200-0,H], cache25.l2st3-1[2,0], kunlun7.cn257[0,200-0,H], kunlun6.cn257[0,0]
Age: 75638
Ali-Swift-Global-Savetime: 1538446306
X-Cache: HIT TCP_MEM_HIT dirn:1:11089010
X-Swift-SaveTime: Tue, 02 Oct 2018 02:11:46 GMT
X-Swift-CacheTime: 86400
Timing-Allow-Origin: *
EagleId: de551ac615384541979717849e
Fiddler软件解析：
3.2.3、空行
3.2.4、响应体（响应正文）
<!Doctype html> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> <meta property="qc:admins" content="465267610762567726375" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <title>HTTP 教程 | 菜鸟教程</title> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//s.w.org' /> <link rel="canonical" href="http://www.runoob.com/http/http-tutorial.html" /> <meta name="keywords" content="HTTP 教程,HTTP"> <meta name="description" content="HTTP 教程 HTTP协议（HyperText Transfer Protocol，超文本传输协议）是因特网上应用最为广泛的一种网络传输协议，所有的WWW文件都必须遵守这个标准。 HTTP是一个基于TCP/IP通信协议来传递数据（HTML 文件, 图片文件, 查询结果等）。 内容列表 HTTP 简介 本章节介绍了HTTP协议。 HTTP 消息结构 本章节介绍了HTTP消息结构 HTTP 方法 本章节介绍了HTTP的方法，包括.."> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="//static.runoob.com/images/favicon.ico" mce_href="//static.runoob.com/images/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" > <link rel="stylesheet" href="/wp-content/themes/runoob/style.css?v=1.147" type="text/css" media="all" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//cdn.bootcss.com/font-awesome/4.7.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" media="all" /> <!--[if gte IE 9]><!--> <script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/2.0.3/jquery.min.js"></script> <!--<![endif]--> <!--[if lt IE 9]> <script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/1.9.1/jquery.min.js"></script> <script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/html5shiv/r29/html5.min.js"></script> <![endif]--> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="//static.runoob.com/images/icon/mobile-icon.png"/> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-title" content="菜鸟教程"> </head> <body> <!-- 头部 --> <div class="container logo-search"> <div class="col search row-search-mobile"> <form action="index.php"> <input class="placeholder" placeholder="搜索……" name="s" autocomplete="off"> </form> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col logo"> <h1><a href="/">菜鸟教程 -- 学的不仅是技术，更是梦想！</a></h1> </div> <div class="col right-list"> <button class="btn btn-responsive-nav btn-inverse" data-toggle="collapse" data-target=".nav-main-collapse" id="pull" style=""> <i class="fa fa-navicon"></i> </button> </div> <div class="col search search-desktop last"> <form action="//www.runoob.com/" target="_blank"> <input class="placeholder" id="s" name="s" placeholder="搜索……" autocomplete="off"> </form> </div> </div> </div> <!-- 导航栏 --> <!-- 导航栏 --> <div class="container navigation"> <div class="row"> <div class="col nav"> <ul class="pc-nav"> <li><a href="//www.runoob.com/">首页</a></li> <li><a href="/html/html-tutorial.html">HTML</a></li> <li><a href="/css/css-tutorial.html">CSS</a></li> <li><a href="/js/js-tutorial.html">JavaScript</a></li> <li><a href="/jquery/jquery-tutorial.html">jQuery</a></li> <li><a href="/bootstrap/bootstrap-tutorial.html">Bootstrap</a></li> <li><a href="/sql/sql-tutorial.html">SQL</a></li> <li><a href="/mysql/mysql-tutorial.html">MySQL</a></li> <li><a href="/php/php-tutorial.html">PHP</a></li> <li><a href="/python/python-tutorial.html">Python2</a></li> <li><a href="/python3/python3-tutorial.html">Python3</a></li> <li><a href="/cprogramming/c-tutorial.html">C</a></li> <li><a href="/cplusplus/cpp-tutorial.html">C++</a></li> <li><a href="/csharp/csharp-tutorial.html">C#</a></li> <li><a href="/java/java-tutorial.html">Java</a></li> <li><a href="/browser-history">本地书签</a></li> <!-- <li><a href="javascript:;" class="runoob-pop">登录</a></li> --> </ul> <ul class="mobile-nav"> <li><a href="//www.runoob.com/">首页</a></li> <li><a href="/html/html-tutorial.html">HTML</a></li> <li><a href="/css/css-tutorial.html">CSS</a></li> <li><a href="/js/js-tutorial.html">JS</a></li> <li><a href="/browser-history">本地书签</a></li> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="search-reveal">Search</a> </ul> </div> </div> </div><!-- 内容 --> <div class="container main"> <!-- 中间 --> <div class="row"> <div class="col left-column"> <div class="tab">HTTP 教程 <a data-cate="50" href="javascript:void(0);" title="夜间模式" id="moon"><i class="fa fa-moon-o" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 1.4em;float: right;margin: 4px 6px 0;"></i></a> <a data-cate="50" style="display:none;" href="javascript:void(0);" title="日间模式" id="sun" ><i class="fa fa-sun-o" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 1.4em;float: right;margin: 4px 6px 0;"></i></a> </div> <div class="sidebar-box gallery-list"> <div class="design" id="leftcolumn"> <a target="_top" title="HTTP 教程" href="/http/http-tutorial.html" > HTTP 教程 </a> <a target="_top" title="HTTP 简介" href="/http/http-intro.html" > HTTP 简介 </a> <a target="_top" title="HTTP 消息结构" href="/http/http-messages.html" > HTTP 消息结构 </a> <a target="_top" title="HTTP请求方法" href="/http/http-methods.html" > HTTP请求方法 </a> <a target="_top" title="HTTP 响应头信息" href="/http/http-header-fields.html" > HTTP 响应头信息 </a> <a target="_top" title="HTTP状态码" href="/http/http-status-codes.html" > HTTP状态码 </a> <a target="_top" title="HTTP content-type" href="/http/http-content-type.html" > HTTP content-type </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col middle-column"> <div class="article"> <div class="article-heading-ad" style="display: none;"> </div> <div class="previous-next-links"> <div class="previous-design-link"><i style="font-size:16px;" class="fa fa-arrow-left" aria-hidden="true"></i> <a href="http://www.runoob.com/http/http-status-codes.html" rel="prev"> HTTP状态码</a> </div> <div class="next-design-link"><a href="http://www.runoob.com/http/http-content-type.html" rel="next"> HTTP content-type</a> <i style="font-size:16px;" class="fa fa-arrow-right" aria-hidden="true"></i></div> </div> <div class="article-body"> <div class="article-intro" id="content"> <h1>HTTP 教程</h1><hr> <div class="tutintro"> <p>HTTP协议（HyperText Transfer Protocol，超文本传输协议）是因特网上应用最为广泛的一种网络传输协议，所有的WWW文件都必须遵守这个标准。</p> <p>HTTP是一个基于TCP/IP通信协议来传递数据（HTML 文件, 图片文件, 查询结果等）。</p> </div> <hr> <h3><span style="text-decoration: underline;">内容列表</span></h3> <p><a href="/http/http-intro.html">HTTP 简介</a><br> 本章节介绍了HTTP协议。</p> <p><a href="/http/http-messages.html">HTTP 消息结构</a><br> 本章节介绍了HTTP消息结构</p> <p><a href="/http/http-methods.html">HTTP 方法</a><br> 本章节介绍了HTTP的方法，包括 GET, POST, HEAD 等。</p> <p><a href="/http/http-header-fields.html">HTTP 头信息</a><br> 本章节介绍了HTTP的头信息</p> <p><a href="/http/http-status-codes.html">HTTP 状态码</a><br> 本章节列出了所有HTTP的状态码。</p> </div> </div> <div class="previous-next-links"> <div class="previous-design-link"><i style="font-size:16px;" class="fa fa-arrow-left" aria-hidden="true"></i> <a href="http://www.runoob.com/http/http-status-codes.html" rel="prev"> HTTP状态码</a> </div> <div class="next-design-link"><a href="http://www.runoob.com/http/http-content-type.html" rel="next"> HTTP content-type</a> <i style="font-size:16px;" class="fa fa-arrow-right" aria-hidden="true"></i></div> </div> <!-- 笔记列表 --> <style> .wrapper { /*text-transform: uppercase; */ background: #ececec; color: #555; cursor: help; font-family: "Gill Sans", Impact, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; position: relative; text-align: center; width: 200px; -webkit-transform: translateZ(0); /* webkit flicker fix */ -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; /* webkit text rendering fix */ } .wrapper .tooltip { white-space: nowrap; font-size: 14px; text-align: left; background: #96b97d; bottom: 100%; color: #fff; display: block; left: -25px; margin-bottom: 15px; opacity: 0; padding: 14px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; -webkit-transform: translateY(10px); -moz-transform: translateY(10px); -ms-transform: translateY(10px); -o-transform: translateY(10px); transform: translateY(10px); -webkit-transition: all .25s ease-out; -moz-transition: all .25s ease-out; -ms-transition: all .25s ease-out; -o-transition: all .25s ease-out; transition: all .25s ease-out; -webkit-box-shadow: 2px 2px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.28); -moz-box-shadow: 2px 2px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.28); -ms-box-shadow: 2px 2px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.28); -o-box-shadow: 2px 2px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.28); box-shadow: 2px 2px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.28); } .tooltip a { color:#fff; } /* This bridges the gap so you can mouse into the tooltip without it disappearing */ .wrapper .tooltip:before { bottom: -20px; content: " "; display: block; height: 20px; left: 0; position: absolute; width: 100%; } /* CSS Triangles - see Trevor's post */ .wrapper .tooltip:after { border-left: solid transparent 10px; border-right: solid transparent 10px; border-top: solid #96b97d 10px; bottom: -10px; content: " "; height: 0; left: 20%; margin-left: -13px; position: absolute; width: 0; } .wrapper .tooltip1 { margin-left: 50px; padding-top: 0px; } .wrapper:hover .tooltip { opacity: 1; pointer-events: auto; -webkit-transform: translateY(0px); -moz-transform: translateY(0px); -ms-transform: translateY(0px); -o-transform: translateY(0px); transform: translateY(0px); } /* IE can just show/hide with no transition */ .lte8 .wrapper .tooltip { display: none; } .lte8 .wrapper:hover .tooltip { display: block; } </style> <div id="respond" class="no_webshot"> <div class="comment-signarea" style=" padding: 20px 20px;"> <h3 class="text-muted" id="share_code" style="color: #799961;"><i class="fa fa-pencil-square-o" aria-hidden="true"></i> 点我分享笔记</h3> <!-- <p style="font-size:14px;">笔记需要是本篇文章的内容扩展！</p><br> <p style="font-size:12px;"><a href="//www.runoob.com/tougao" target="_blank">文章投稿，可点击这里</a></p> <p style="font-size:14px;"><a href="/w3cnote/runoob-user-test-intro.html#invite" target="_blank">注册邀请码获取方式</a></p> <h3 class="text-muted"><i class="fa fa-info-circle" aria-hidden="true"></i> 分享笔记前必须<a href="javascript:;" class="runoob-pop">登录</a>！</h3> <p><a href="/w3cnote/runoob-user-test-intro.html#invite" target="_blank">注册邀请码获取方式</a></p>--> </div> <form action="/wp-content/themes/runoob/option/addnote.php" method="post" id="commentform" style="display:none;"> <div class="comt"> <div class="comt-title"> <i style="font-size:36px;" class="fa fa-user-circle" aria-hidden="true"></i> <p><a id="cancel-comment-reply-link" href="javascript:;">取消</a></p> </div> <div class="comt-box"> <div id="mded"></div> <div class="comt-ctrl"> <div class="comt-tips"><input type='hidden' name='comment_post_ID' value='4108' id='comment_post_ID' /> <input type='hidden' name='comment_parent' id='comment_parent' value='0' /> </div> <button type="submit" name="submit" id="submit" tabindex="5"><i class="fa fa-pencil" aria-hidden="true"></i> 分享笔记</button> </div> </div> <div class="comt-comterinfo"> <ul id="comment-author-info"> <li class="form-inline"><label class="hide" for="author">昵称</label><input class="ipt" type="text" name="author" id="author" value="" tabindex="2" placeholder="昵称"><span class="text-muted">昵称 (必填)</span></li> <li class="form-inline"><label class="hide" for="email">邮箱</label><input class="ipt" type="text" name="email" id="email" value="" tabindex="3" placeholder="邮箱"><span class="text-muted">邮箱 (必填)</span></li> <li class="form-inline"><label class="hide" for="url">引用地址</label><input class="ipt" type="text" name="url" id="url" value="" tabindex="4" placeholder="引用地址"><span class="text-muted">引用地址</span></li> </ul> </div> </div> </form> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> $(function() { //初始化编辑器 var editor = new Simditor({ textarea: $('#mded'), placeholder: '写笔记...', upload:false, // upload: {url:'/api/comment_upload_file.php',params: null,fileKey: 'upload_file',connectionCount: 1,leaveConfirm: '文件正在上传，您确定离开?'}, defaultImage: 'http://www.runoob.com/images/logo.png', codeLanguages: '', toolbar: [ 'bold','code','ul','ol','image' ] }); editor.on('selectionchanged', function() { $(".code-popover").hide(); }); // 提交数据 $("#share_code").click(function() { $(".comment-signarea").hide(); $("#commentform").show(); }); $("#user_add_note").click(function() { $(".comment-signarea").hide(); $("#commentform").show(); $('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: $("#respond").offset().top }, 200); }); // 提交笔记 var commentform=$('#commentform'); commentform.prepend('<div >); var statusdiv=$('#comment-status'); commentform.submit(function(e){ e.preventDefault(); var noteContent = editor.getValue(); // console.log(noteContent); noteContent = noteContent.replace(/<pre><code>/g,"<pre>"); noteContent = noteContent.replace(/</code></pre>/g,"</pre>"); // 系列化表单数据 var comment_parent = 0; var is_user_logged_in = $("#is_user_logged_in").val(); var comment_post_ID = 4108; var _wp_unfiltered_html_comment = $("#_wp_unfiltered_html_comment").val(); var comment = noteContent; var author = $("#author").val(); var url = $("#url").val(); var email = $("#email").val(); if(isBlank(author) && is_user_logged_in==0) { statusdiv.html('<p class="ajax-error">请输入昵称！</p>').show(); } else if(isBlank(email) && is_user_logged_in==0) { statusdiv.html('<p class="ajax-error">请输入邮箱！</p>').show(); } else { // var formdata=commentform.serialize() + "&comment=" + noteContent ; // 添加状态信息 statusdiv.html('<p>Processing...</p>').show(); // 获取表单提交地址 var formurl=commentform.attr('action'); // 异步提交 $.ajax({ type: 'post', url: formurl, dataType:'json', data: {"comment_parent":comment_parent,"comment_post_ID":comment_post_ID, "_wp_unfiltered_html_comment":_wp_unfiltered_html_comment,"comment":comment,"url":url, "email":email,"author":author}, error: function(XMLHttpRequest, textStatus, errorThrown){ statusdiv.html('<p class="ajax-error" >数据不完整或表单提交太快了！</p>').show(); }, success: function(data, textStatus){ if(data.errorno=="0") { $("#submit").prop('disabled', true); statusdiv.html('<p class="ajax-success" >笔记已提交审核，感谢分享笔记！</p>').show(); alert('笔记已提交审核，感谢分享笔记！'); }else{ statusdiv.html('<p class="ajax-error" >'+data.msg+'</p>').show(); } commentform.find('textarea[name=comment]').val(''); } }); setTimeout(function(){ $("#submit").prop('disabled', false); }, 10*1000); } return false; }); }); function isBlank(str) { return (!str || /^s*$/.test(str)); } </script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/wp-content/themes/runoob/assets/css/qa.css?1.42"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="//cdn.bootcss.com/simditor/2.3.6/styles/simditor.min.css" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="//static.runoob.com/assets/simditor/2.3.6/scripts/module.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//static.runoob.com/assets/simditor/2.3.6/scripts/hotkeys.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//static.runoob.com/assets/simditor/2.3.6/scripts/uploader.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//cdn.bootcss.com/simditor/2.3.6/lib/simditor.min.js"></script> <div class="sidebar-box ad-box ad-box-large"> <div id="ad-336280" class="ad-336280"> <script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script> <!-- 移动版 自动调整 --> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:block" data-ad-client="ca-pub-5751451760833794" data-ad-slot="1691338467" data-ad-format="auto"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- 右边栏 --> <div class="fivecol last right-column"> <!-- <div class="tab tab-light-blue" style="text-align: center;">关注微信</div> <div class="sidebar-box"> <a href="http://m.runoob.com/" target="_blank"> <img src="http://www.runoob.com/wp-content/themes/w3cschool.cc/assets/img/qrcode.jpg" alt="移动版"> </a> <div class="qqinfo"> <a target="_blank" href="http://jq.qq.com/?_wv=1027&k=dOwwKN" > <img border="0" src="http://pub.idqqimg.com/wpa/images/group.png" alt="菜鸟家族" title="菜鸟家族"></a> <span>(群号：<span >365967760</span>)</span> </div> </div> --> <style> .sidebar-tree .double-li { width:300px; } .sidebar-tree .double-li li { width: 44%; line-height: 1.5em; border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc; float: left; display: inline; } </style> <div class="sidebar-box ad-box ad-box-large"> <div class="sidebar-box advertise-here" style="margin: 0 auto;"> <a href="javascript:void(0);" style="font-size: 16px; color:#64854c;font-weight:bold;"> <i class="fa fa-list" aria-hidden="true"></i> 分类导航</a> </div> <div class="sidebar-box sidebar-cate"> <div class="sidebar-tree" > <ul><li style="margin: 0;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="tit"> HTML / CSS</a><ul class="double-li"><li><a title="HTML 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/html/html-tutorial.html">HTML 教程</a></li><li><a title="HTML5 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/html/html5-intro.html">HTML5 教程</a></li><li><a title="CSS 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/css/css-tutorial.html">CSS 教程</a></li><li><a title="CSS3 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/css3/css3-tutorial.html">CSS3 教程</a></li><li><a title="Bootstrap3 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/bootstrap/bootstrap-tutorial.html">Bootstrap3 教程</a></li><li><a title="Bootstrap4 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/bootstrap4/bootstrap4-tutorial.html">Bootstrap4 教程</a></li><li><a title="Font Awesome 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/font-awesome/fontawesome-tutorial.html">Font Awesome 教程</a></li><li><a title="Foundation 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/foundation/foundation-tutorial.html">Foundation 教程</a></li></ul></li><li style="margin: 0;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="tit"> JavaScript</a><ul class="double-li"><li><a title="JavaScript 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/js/js-tutorial.html">JavaScript 教程</a></li><li><a title="HTML DOM 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/htmldom/htmldom-tutorial.html">HTML DOM 教程</a></li><li><a title="jQuery 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/jquery/jquery-tutorial.html">jQuery 教程</a></li><li><a title="AngularJS 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/angularjs/angularjs-tutorial.html">AngularJS 教程</a></li><li><a title="AngularJS2 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/angularjs2/angularjs2-tutorial.html">AngularJS2 教程</a></li><li><a title="Vue.js 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/vue2/vue-tutorial.html">Vue.js 教程</a></li><li><a title="React 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/react/react-tutorial.html">React 教程</a></li><li><a title="jQuery UI 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/jqueryui/jqueryui-tutorial.html">jQuery UI 教程</a></li><li><a title="jQuery EasyUI 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/jeasyui/jqueryeasyui-tutorial.html">jQuery EasyUI 教程</a></li><li><a title="Node.js 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/nodejs/nodejs-tutorial.html">Node.js 教程</a></li><li><a title="AJAX 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/ajax/ajax-tutorial.html">AJAX 教程</a></li><li><a title="JSON 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/json/json-tutorial.html">JSON 教程</a></li><li><a title="Highcharts 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/highcharts/highcharts-tutorial.html">Highcharts 教程</a></li><li><a title="Google 地图 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/googleapi/google-maps-basic.html">Google 地图 教程</a></li></ul></li><li style="margin: 0;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="tit"> 服务端</a><ul class="double-li"><li><a title="PHP 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/php/php-tutorial.html">PHP 教程</a></li><li><a title="Python 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/python/python-tutorial.html">Python 教程</a></li><li><a title="Python3 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/python3/python3-tutorial.html">Python3 教程</a></li><li><a title="Django 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/django/django-tutorial.html">Django 教程</a></li><li><a title="Linux 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/linux/linux-tutorial.html">Linux 教程</a></li><li><a title="Docker 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/docker/docker-tutorial.html">Docker 教程</a></li><li><a title="Ruby 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/ruby/ruby-tutorial.html">Ruby 教程</a></li><li><a title="Java 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/java/java-tutorial.html">Java 教程</a></li><li><a title="C 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/c/c-tutorial.html">C 教程</a></li><li><a title="C++ 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/cplusplus/cpp-tutorial.html">C++ 教程</a></li><li><a title="Perl 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/perl/perl-tutorial.html">Perl 教程</a></li><li><a title="Servlet 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/servlet/servlet-tutorial.html">Servlet 教程</a></li><li><a title="JSP 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/jsp/jsp-tutorial.html">JSP 教程</a></li><li><a title="Lua 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/lua/lua-tutorial.html">Lua 教程</a></li><li><a title="Scala 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/scala/scala-tutorial.html">Scala 教程</a></li><li><a title="Go 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/go/go-tutorial.html">Go 教程</a></li><li><a title="设计模式" href="//www.runoob.com/design-pattern/design-pattern-tutorial.html">设计模式</a></li><li><a title="正则表达式" href="//www.runoob.com/regexp/regexp-tutorial.html">正则表达式</a></li><li><a title="Maven 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/maven/maven-tutorial.html">Maven 教程</a></li><li><a title="ASP 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/asp/asp-tutorial.html">ASP 教程</a></li><li><a title="AppML 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/appml/appml-tutorial.html">AppML 教程</a></li><li><a title="VBScript 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/vbscript/vbscript-tutorial.html">VBScript 教程</a></li></ul></li><li style="margin: 0;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="tit"> 数据库</a><ul class="double-li"><li><a title="SQL 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/sql/sql-tutorial.html">SQL 教程</a></li><li><a title="Mysql 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/mysql/mysql-tutorial.html">Mysql 教程</a></li><li><a title="SQLite 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/sqlite/sqlite-tutorial.html">SQLite 教程</a></li><li><a title="MongoDB 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/mongodb/mongodb-tutorial.html">MongoDB 教程</a></li><li><a title="Redis 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/redis/redis-tutorial.html">Redis 教程</a></li><li><a title="Memcached 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/Memcached/Memcached-tutorial.html">Memcached 教程</a></li></ul></li><li style="margin: 0;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="tit"> 移动端</a><ul class="double-li"><li><a title="Android 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/w3cnote/android-tutorial-intro.html">Android 教程</a></li><li><a title="Swift 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/swift/swift-tutorial.html">Swift 教程</a></li><li><a title="jQuery Mobile 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/jquerymobile/jquerymobile-tutorial.html">jQuery Mobile 教程</a></li><li><a title="ionic 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/ionic/ionic-tutorial.html">ionic 教程</a></li><li><a title="Kotlin 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/kotlin/kotlin-tutorial.html">Kotlin 教程</a></li></ul></li><li style="margin: 0;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="tit"> XML 教程</a><ul class="double-li"><li><a title="XML 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/xml/xml-tutorial.html">XML 教程</a></li><li><a title="DTD 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/dtd/dtd-tutorial.html">DTD 教程</a></li><li><a title="XML DOM 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/dom/dom-tutorial.html">XML DOM 教程</a></li><li><a title="XSLT 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/xsl/xsl-tutorial.html">XSLT 教程</a></li><li><a title="XPath 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/xpath/xpath-tutorial.html">XPath 教程</a></li><li><a title="XQuery 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/xquery/xquery-tutorial.html">XQuery 教程</a></li><li><a title="XLink 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/xlink/xlink-tutorial.html">XLink 教程</a></li><li><a title="XPointer 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/xlink/xlink-tutorial.html">XPointer 教程</a></li><li><a title="XML Schema 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/schema/schema-tutorial.html">XML Schema 教程</a></li><li><a title="XSL-FO 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/xslfo/xslfo-tutorial.html">XSL-FO 教程</a></li><li><a title="SVG 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/svg/svg-tutorial.html">SVG 教程</a></li></ul></li><li style="margin: 0;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="tit"> ASP.NET</a><ul class="double-li"><li><a title="ASP.NET 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/aspnet/aspnet-tutorial.html">ASP.NET 教程</a></li><li><a title="C# 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/csharp/csharp-tutorial.html">C# 教程</a></li><li><a title="Web Pages 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/aspnet/webpages-intro.html">Web Pages 教程</a></li><li><a title="Razor 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/aspnet/razor-intro.html">Razor 教程</a></li><li><a title="MVC 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/aspnet/mvc-intro.html">MVC 教程</a></li><li><a title="Web Forms 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/aspnet/aspnet-intro.html">Web Forms 教程</a></li></ul></li><li style="margin: 0;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="tit"> Web Service</a><ul class="double-li"><li><a title="Web Service 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/webservices/webservices-tutorial.html">Web Service 教程</a></li><li><a title="WSDL 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/wsdl/wsdl-tutorial.html">WSDL 教程</a></li><li><a title="SOAP 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/soap/soap-tutorial.html">SOAP 教程</a></li><li><a title="RSS 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/rss/rss-tutorial.html">RSS 教程</a></li><li><a title="RDF 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/rdf/rdf-tutorial.html">RDF 教程</a></li></ul></li><li style="margin: 0;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="tit"> 开发工具</a><ul class="double-li"><li><a title="Eclipse 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/eclipse/eclipse-tutorial.html">Eclipse 教程</a></li><li><a title="Git 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/git/git-tutorial.html">Git 教程</a></li><li><a title="Svn 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/svn/svn-tutorial.html">Svn 教程</a></li><li><a title="Firebug 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/firebug/firebug-tutorial.html">Firebug 教程</a></li></ul></li><li style="margin: 0;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="tit"> 网站建设</a><ul class="double-li"><li><a title="HTTP 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/http/http-tutorial.html">HTTP 教程</a></li><li><a title="网站建设指南" href="//www.runoob.com/web/web-buildingprimer.html">网站建设指南</a></li><li><a title="浏览器信息" href="//www.runoob.com/browsers/browser-information.html">浏览器信息</a></li><li><a title="网站主机教程" href="//www.runoob.com/hosting/hosting-tutorial.html">网站主机教程</a></li><li><a title="TCP/IP 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/tcpip/tcpip-tutorial.html">TCP/IP 教程</a></li><li><a title="W3C 教程" href="//www.runoob.com/w3c/w3c-tutorial.html">W3C 教程</a></li><li><a title="网站品质" href="//www.runoob.com/quality/quality-tutorial.html">网站品质</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div> </div> </div> <br> <div class="sidebar-box ad-box ad-box-large"> <div class="sidebar-box advertise-here"> <a href="javascript:void(0);">Advertisement</a> </div> <div class="ad-600160" id="sidebar-right-ads"> <script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script> <!-- 侧栏1 --> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;160px;height:600px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-5751451760833794" data-ad-slot="4106274865"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> </div> </div></div> </div> <script> var aid = 4108; function coll() { $.post( '/wp-content/themes/runoob/option/user/userinfo.php', {aid:aid, action:"collarticle", opt:'add'},function( data ) { if(data.error==0) { $("#content").find("h1:first").find("a").attr("href","javascript:void(0);"); $("#content").find("h1:first").find("img").attr("src","http://www.runoob.com/wp-content/themes/runoob/assets/img/coll2.png").css({32+"px",height:32+"px"}); } alert(data.msg); },'json'); } </script> <!-- 反馈对话框开始 --> <script src="/wp-content/themes/runoob/assets/feedback/stable/2.0/feedback.js?1.0"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/wp-content/themes/runoob/assets/feedback/stable/2.0/feedback.css?1.0" /> <script type="text/javascript"> $.feedback({ ajaxURL: '/feedback/runoob_feedback.php', html2canvasURL: '/wp-content/themes/runoob/assets/feedback/stable/2.0/html2canvas.js' }); </script> <!-- 反馈对话框结束 --> <button class="feedback-btn feedback-btn-gray">反馈/建议</button> <!-- 底部 --> <div id="footer" class="mar-t50"> <div 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</div> <div class="hide_box"></div> <div class="shang_box"> <a class="shang_close" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="dashangToggle()" title="关闭"><img src="//static.runoob.com/images/dashang/close.jpg" alt="取消" /></a> <div class="shang_tit"> <p>感谢您的支持，我会继续努力的!</p> </div> <div class="shang_payimg"> <img src="//static.runoob.com/images/dashang/weipayimg.png" alt="扫码支持" title="扫一扫" /> </div> <div class="pay_explain">扫码打赏，你说多少就多少</div> <div class="shang_payselect"> <div class="pay_item checked" data-id="weipay"> <span class="radiobox"></span> <span class="pay_logo"><img src="//static.runoob.com/images/dashang/wechat.jpg" alt="微信" /></span> </div> <div class="pay_item" data-id="alipay"> <span class="radiobox"></span> <span class="pay_logo"><img src="//static.runoob.com/images/dashang/alipay.jpg" alt="支付宝" /></span> </div> </div> <div class="shang_info"> <p>打开<span id="shang_pay_txt">支付宝</span>扫一扫，即可进行扫码打赏哦</p> <p><a href="//c.runoob.com/codedemo/5348" target="_blank"><span style=" font-size: 14px;color: #000;font-weight: bold;">点我查看本站打赏源码！</span></a></p> </div> </div> <div id="testClick"></div> <div style="display:none;"> <script> var _hmt = _hmt || []; (function() { var hm = document.createElement("script"); hm.src = "https://hm.baidu.com/hm.js?3eec0b7da6548cf07db3bc477ea905ee"; var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(hm, s); })(); </script> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-84264393-2"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'UA-84264393-2'); </script> </div> <script> window.jsui={ www: '//wwww.runoob.com', uri: '//www.runoob.com/wp-content/themes/runoob' }; </script> <style> ol,ul{list-style:none}.cd-switcher a{text-decoration:none;outline:0}.cd-switcher a:hover{text-decoration:underline}a:focus{outline:0;-moz-outline:0}.main_nav{width:300px;height:60px;margin:60px auto 10px auto}.main_nav li{float:left;width:60px;margin-right:10px;font-size:16px;padding:.6em 1em;border-radius:3em;background:#2f889a;text-align:center}.main_nav li a{color:#fff}.errtip{background-color:#fceaea;color:#db5353;padding:8px 15px;font-size:14px;border:1px solid #fc9797;border-radius:5px}.cd-user-modal{position:fixed;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;background:rgba(52,54,66,0.9);z-index:3;overflow-y:auto;cursor:pointer;visibility:hidden;opacity:0;-webkit-transition:opacity .3s 0,visibility 0 .3s;-moz-transition:opacity .3s 0,visibility 0 .3s;transition:opacity .3s 0,visibility 0 .3s}.cd-user-modal.is-visible{visibility:visible;opacity:1;-webkit-transition:opacity .3s 0,visibility 0 0;-moz-transition:opacity .3s 0,visibility 0 0;transition:opacity .3s 0,visibility 0 0}.cd-user-modal.is-visible .cd-user-modal-container{-webkit-transform:translateY(0);-moz-transform:translateY(0);-ms-transform:translateY(0);-o-transform:translateY(0);transform:translateY(0)}.cd-user-modal-container{position:relative;width:90%;max-width:500px;background:#FFF;margin:3em auto 4em;cursor:auto;border-radius:.25em;-webkit-transform:translateY(-30px);-moz-transform:translateY(-30px);-ms-transform:translateY(-30px);-o-transform:translateY(-30px);transform:translateY(-30px);-webkit-transition-property:-webkit-transform;-moz-transition-property:-moz-transform;transition-property:transform;-webkit-transition-duration:.3s;-moz-transition-duration:.3s;transition-duration:.3s}.cd-user-modal-container .cd-switcher:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both}.cd-user-modal-container .cd-switcher li{width:50%;float:left;text-align:center}.cd-user-modal-container .cd-switcher li:first-child a{border-radius:.25em 0 0 0}.cd-user-modal-container .cd-switcher li:last-child a{border-radius:0 .25em 0 0}.cd-user-modal-container .cd-switcher a{font-size:1.2em;font-weight:bold;display:block;width:100%;height:50px;line-height:50px;background:#e8f1e2;color:#96b880}.cd-user-modal-container .cd-switcher a.selected{background:#FFF;color:#505260}@media only screen and (min-600px){.cd-user-modal-container{margin:4em auto}.cd-user-modal-container .cd-switcher a{height:70px;line-height:70px}}.cd-form{padding:1.4em}.cd-form .fieldset{position:relative;margin:1.4em 0}.cd-form .fieldset:first-child{margin-top:0}.cd-form .fieldset:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.cd-form label{font-size:16px;font-size:.875rem}.cd-form label.image-replace{display:inline-block;position:absolute;left:15px;top:50%;bottom:auto;-webkit-transform:translateY(-50%);-moz-transform:translateY(-50%);-ms-transform:translateY(-50%);-o-transform:translateY(-50%);transform:translateY(-50%);height:20px;width:20px;overflow:hidden;text-indent:100%;white-space:nowrap;color:transparent;text-shadow:none;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:50% 0}.cd-form label.cd-username{background-image:url("/wp-content/themes/runoob/assets/img/cd-icon-username.svg")}.cd-form label.cd-email{background-image:url("/wp-content/themes/runoob/assets/img/cd-icon-email.svg")}.cd-form label.cd-password{background-image:url("/wp-content/themes/runoob/assets/img/cd-icon-password.svg")}.cd-form input{margin:0;padding:0;border-radius:.25em}.cd-form input.full-width{width:80%}.cd-form input.full-width2{width:94%}.cd-form input.has-padding{padding:12px 20px 12px 50px}.cd-form input.has-border{border:1px solid #d2d8d8;-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;-ms-appearance:none;-o-appearance:none;appearance:none}.cd-form input.has-border:focus{border-color:#98b880;box-shadow:0 0 5px rgba(52,54,66,0.1);outline:0}.cd-form input.has-error{border:1px solid #d76666}.cd-form input[type=password]{padding-right:65px}.cd-form input[type=submit]{padding:16px 0;cursor:pointer;background:#96b97d;color:#FFF;font-weight:bold;border:0;-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;-ms-appearance:none;-o-appearance:none;appearance:none;font-size:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.no-touch .cd-form input[type=submit]:hover,.no-touch .cd-form input[type=submit]:focus{background:#3599ae;outline:0}@media only screen and (min-600px){.cd-form{padding:2em}.cd-form .fieldset{margin:2em 0}.cd-form .fieldset:first-child{margin-top:0}.cd-form .fieldset:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.cd-form input.has-padding{padding:16px 20px 16px 50px}.cd-form input[type=submit]{padding:16px 0}}.cd-close-form{display:block;position:absolute;width:40px;height:40px;right:0;top:-40px;background:url("/wp-content/themes/runoob/assets/img/cd-icon-close.svg") no-repeat center center;text-indent:100%;white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden}@media only screen and (min-1170px){}#cd-login,#cd-signup,#cd-reset-password{display:none}#cd-login.is-selected,#cd-signup.is-selected,#cd-reset-password.is-selected{display:block} </style> <div class="cd-user-modal"> <div class="cd-user-modal-container"> <ul class="cd-switcher"> <li><a href="javascript:;">用户登录</a></li> <li><a href="javascript:;">注册新用户</a></li> </ul> <div id="cd-login"> <!-- 登录表单 --> <div class="cd-form"> <p class="fieldset"> <label class="image-replace cd-username" for="signin-username">用户名</label> <input class="full-width has-padding has-border" id="signin-username" name=username type="text" placeholder="输入用户名"> </p> <p class="fieldset"> <label class="image-replace cd-password" for="signin-password">密码</label> <input class="full-width has-padding has-border" id="signin-password" name="password" type="password" placeholder="输入密码"> </p> <p class="fieldset"> <input type="checkbox" id="remember-me" checked> <label for="remember-me">记住登录状态</label> <a href="//www.runoob.com/reset-password" style="float: right;padding-right: 20px;" target="_blank">忘记密码？</a> </p> <input type="hidden" name="action" value="signin"> <p class="fieldset"> <input class="full-width2" type="submit" value="登 录"> </p> <div class="err-msg"></div> </div> </div> <div id="cd-signup"> <!-- 注册表单 --> <div class="cd-form"> <p class="fieldset"> <label class="image-replace cd-password" for="verifycode">邀请码</label> <input class="full-width has-padding has-border" id="signup-verifycode" name="verifycode" type="text" placeholder="输入邀请码"> </p> <p class="fieldset"> <label class="image-replace cd-username" for="signup-username">用户名</label> <input class="full-width has-padding has-border" id="signup-username" name="name" type="text" placeholder="输入用户名"> </p> <p class="fieldset"> <label class="image-replace cd-email" for="signup-email">邮箱</label> <input class="full-width has-padding has-border" name="email" id="signup-email" type="email" placeholder="输入mail"> </p> <p class="fieldset"> <label class="image-replace cd-password" for="signup-password">密码</label> <input class="full-width has-padding has-border" id="signup-password" name="password" type="password" placeholder="输入密码"> </p> <p class="fieldset"> <label class="image-replace cd-password" for="signup-password2">重复输入密码</label> <input class="full-width has-padding has-border" id="signup-password2" name="password2" type="password" placeholder="重复输入密码"> </p> <!-- <p class="fieldset"> <input type="checkbox" > <label for="accept-terms">我已阅读并同意 <a href="javascript:;">用户协议</a></label> </p> --> <input type="hidden" name="action" value="signup"> <p class="fieldset"> <input class="full-width2" type="submit" value="注册新用户"> </p> <p class="fieldset"> <a href="//www.runoob.com/w3cnote/runoob-user-test-intro.html#invite" target="_blank">如何获取邀请码？</a> </p> <div class="err-msg"></div> </div> </div> <a href="javascript:;" class="cd-close-form">关闭</a> </div> </div> <script src="/wp-content/themes/runoob/assets/js/main.js?v=1.189"></script> <script src="//static.runoob.com/assets/libs/hl/run_prettify.js"></script> </body> </html>
响应体为HTML格式的文本文件。
4、请求方法
根据HTTP标准，HTTP请求可以使用多种请求方法。
HTTP1.0定义了三种请求方法： GET, POST 和 HEAD方法。
HTTP1.1新增了五种请求方法：OPTIONS, PUT, DELETE, TRACE ，CONNECT 和PATCH方法。