Azure .NET Libraries 入门 立即访问http://market.azure.cn
本指南演示了以下 Azure .NET API 的用法,包括设置认证、创建并使用 Azure 存储、创建并使用 Azure SQL 数据库、部署虚拟机、从 GitHub 部署 Azure Web 应用。在本教程中完成的所有操作均符合1元试用条件。
开始之前
如果您还没有 Azure 账户,可以申请1元试用账户。
设置认证
为了使用 Azure .NET Management Libraires ,您创建的应用程序需要权限来读取和创建 Azure 订阅中的资源。我们首先需要为应用程序创建一个 service principal , service principal 可以通过非交互方式授予应用程序所需的权限 。
1. 以下 PoweShell 命令登陆中国区 Azure:
Login-AzureRmAccount -EnvironmentName AzureChinaClou
注意记录 TenandId 和 SubscriptionId,在后续步骤中需要用到。
2. 以下命令创建 service principal:
# Create the service principal (use a strong password)
$sp = New-AzureRmADServicePrincipal -DisplayName "AzureDotNetTest" -Password "password"
# Give it the permissions it needs...
New-AzureRmRoleAssignment -ServicePrincipalName $sp.ApplicationId -RoleDefinitionName Contributor
# Display the Application ID, because we'll need it later.
$sp | Select DisplayName, ApplicationId
注意记录 ApplicationId。
3. 一个名为 Azureauth.properties 的 txt 文件,输入以下内容:
# sample management library properties file
subscription=dd9eebf5-eae4-4d04-a371-29ba614032e8
client=67699411-1af6-4341-a47e-5d4cf0b62484
key=P@ssword1
tenant=dd8210ad-5216-499c-ab57-6d297fc0e5d2
managementURI=https://management.core.chinacloudapi.cn/
baseURL=https://management.chinacloudapi.cn/
authURL=https://login.chinacloudapi.cn/
graphURL=https://graph.chinacloudapi.cn/
- subscription:1中记录的 SubscriptionId
- client:2中记录的 ApplicationId
- key:2中的 -Password 参数值
- tenant:1中记录的 TenantId
4. 保存 Azureauth.properties,运行以下命令将 Azureauth.properties 的存放路径设置为环境变量 AZURE_AUTH_LOCATION。
[Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable("AZURE_AUTH_LOCATION", "C:srcazureauth.properties.txt", "User")
设置 Visual Studio 连接到中国区 Azure
根据您使用的 Visual Studio 版本,请参考中国区 Azure 应用程序开发说明中的设置开发计算机,本教程使用的是 Visual Studio 2017 community 版本。
步骤3:创建新的 console 应用程序。
打开 Visual Studio, “File”->”New”->”Project”,选择 Console App (.NET Core)。
创建完成后,打开 Package Manager Console,运行以下命令安装 Azure .NET Management Libraries:
# Azure Management Libraries for .NET (Fluent)
Install-Package Microsoft.Azure.Management.Fluent
# Azure Store client libraries
Install-Package WindowsAzure.Storage
# SQL Database client libraries
Install-Package System.Data.SqlClient
创建虚拟机
打开 Program.cs 文件,添加以下命名空间:
using System;
using System.Linq;
using Microsoft.Azure.Management.Compute.Fluent;
using Microsoft.Azure.Management.Compute.Fluent.Models;
using Microsoft.Azure.Management.Fluent;
using Microsoft.Azure.Management.ResourceManager.Fluent;
using Microsoft.Azure.Management.ResourceManager.Fluent.Core;
using Microsoft.WindowsAzure.Storage;
using Microsoft.WindowsAzure.Storage.Blob;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
以下示例将在您的 Azure 订阅中创建一台 Windows 虚拟机,该虚拟机运行在“中国北部”,虚拟机类型为 StandardD2V2,系统为 WindowsServer2012R2Datacenter。
将 Main 方法替换为以下代码,请将 username 和 password 变量替换成您的值:
static void Main(string[] args)
{
// Set some variables...
string username = "vmuser1";
string password = "Password0123!";
string rgName = "sampleResourceGroup";
string windowsVmName = "sampleWindowsVM";
string publicIpDnsLabel = "samplePublicIP";
// Authenticate
var credentials = SdkContext.AzureCredentialsFactory
.FromFile(Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("AZURE_AUTH_LOCATION"));
var azure = Azure
.Configure()
.WithLogLevel(HttpLoggingDelegatingHandler.Level.Basic)
.Authenticate(credentials)
.WithDefaultSubscription();
// Create the VM
Console.WriteLine("Creating VM...");
var windowsVM = azure.VirtualMachines.Define(windowsVmName)
.WithRegion(Region.ChinaEast)
.WithNewResourceGroup(rgName)
.WithNewPrimaryNetwork("10.0.0.0/28")
.WithPrimaryPrivateIPAddressDynamic()
.WithNewPrimaryPublicIPAddress(publicIpDnsLabel)
.WithPopularWindowsImage(KnownWindowsVirtualMachineImage.WindowsServer2012R2Datacenter)
.WithAdminUsername(username)
.WithAdminPassword(password)
.WithSize(VirtualMachineSizeTypes.StandardD2V2)
.Create();
// Wait for the user
Console.WriteLine("Press enter to continue...");
Console.ReadLine();
}
按 F5 运行程序。几分钟后,当看到“Press enter to continue...”时,说明虚拟机已经创建完毕,您可以运行以下 PowerShell 命令来确认虚拟机是否创建成功:
Get-AzureRmVm -ResourceGroupName sampleResourceGroup
或者在 Azure 门户中查看:
从 GitHub 仓库部署 Azure Web 应用
现在我们将修改代码来实现从 GitHub 仓库部署 Web 应用程序。将 Main 方法替换为以下代码:
static void Main(string[] args)
{
// Set some variables...
string rgName = "sampleWebAppGroup";
string appName = SdkContext.RandomResourceName("WebApp", 20);
// Authenticate
var credentials = SdkContext.AzureCredentialsFactory
.FromFile(Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("AZURE_AUTH_LOCATION"));
var azure = Azure
.Configure()
.Authenticate(credentials)
.WithDefaultSubscription();
// Create the web app
Console.WriteLine("Creating Web App...");
var app = azure.WebApps.Define(appName)
.WithRegion(Region.ChinaNorth)
.WithNewResourceGroup(rgName)
.WithNewFreeAppServicePlan()
.DefineSourceControl()
.WithPublicGitRepository("https://github.com/Azure-Samples/app-service-web-dotnet-get-started")
.WithBranch("master")
.Attach()
.Create();
Console.WriteLine("Your web app is live at: https://{0}", app.HostNames.First());
// Wait for the user
Console.WriteLine("Press enter to continue...");
Console.ReadLine();
}
按 F5 运行程序,完成后返回如下结果。
访问 https://webapp0513224523a.chinacloudsites.cn 就能看到部署在 Azure web 应用中的.NET 程序啦。
连接到 Azure SQL 数据库
下面我们将演示如何创建 Azure SQL 数据库,连接到数据库创建表并插入值。将 Main 方法替换为以下代码:
static void Main(string[] args)
{
// Set some variables...
string rgName = "sampleSQLDBGroup";
string adminUser = SdkContext.RandomResourceName("db", 8);
string sqlServerName = SdkContext.RandomResourceName("sql", 10);
string sqlDbName = SdkContext.RandomResourceName("dbname", 8);
string dbPassword = "P@ssword01!";
// Authenticate
var credentials = SdkContext.AzureCredentialsFactory
.FromFile(Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("AZURE_AUTH_LOCATION"));
var azure = Azure
.Configure()
.Authenticate(credentials)
.WithDefaultSubscription();
// Create the SQL server and database
Console.WriteLine("Creating server...");
var sqlServer = azure.SqlServers.Define(sqlServerName)
.WithRegion(Region.ChinaNorth)
.WithNewResourceGroup(rgName)
.WithAdministratorLogin(adminUser)
.WithAdministratorPassword(dbPassword)
.WithNewFirewallRule("0.0.0.0", "255.255.255.255")
.Create();
Console.WriteLine("Creating database...");
var sqlDb = sqlServer.Databases.Define(sqlDbName).Create();
// Display information for connecting later...
Console.WriteLine("Created database {0} in server {1}.", sqlDbName, sqlServer.FullyQualifiedDomainName);
Console.WriteLine("Your user name is {0}.", adminUser + "@" + sqlServer.Name);
// Build the connection string
var builder = new SqlConnectionStringBuilder();
builder.DataSource = sqlServer.FullyQualifiedDomainName;
builder.InitialCatalog = sqlDbName;
builder.UserID = adminUser + "@" + sqlServer.Name; // Format user ID as "user@server"
builder.Password = dbPassword;
builder.Encrypt = true;
builder.TrustServerCertificate = true;
// connect to the database, create a table and insert an entry into it
using (var conn = new SqlConnection(builder.ConnectionString))
{
conn.Open();
Console.WriteLine("Populating database...");
var createCommand = new SqlCommand("CREATE TABLE CLOUD (name varchar(255), code int);", conn);
createCommand.ExecuteNonQuery();
var insertCommand = new SqlCommand("INSERT INTO CLOUD (name, code ) VALUES ('Azure', 1);", conn);
insertCommand.ExecuteNonQuery();
Console.WriteLine("Reading from database...");
var selectCommand = new SqlCommand("SELECT * FROM CLOUD", conn);
var results = selectCommand.ExecuteReader();
while (results.Read())
{
Console.WriteLine("Name: {0} Code: {1}", results[0], results[1]);
}
}
// Wait for the user
Console.WriteLine("Press enter to continue...");
Console.ReadLine();
}
按 F5 运行程序,运行完成后我们通过 SQL Server Management Studio 来验证:
打开 SSMS,根据上面程序的输出结果,ServerName 为 sql646624.database.chinacloudapi.cn,用户名为:db51559@sql64662, 密码为代码中定义的变量 dbPassword 的值 P@ssword01!,使用 SQL Server Authenticaiton 方式登录:
可以看到我们在 Azure SQL 数据库中创建了一张名为 dbo.CLOUD 的表,并插入了一条数据。
将文件上传到 Azure Storage
下面我们将演示如何在 Azure 中创建存储账户并将文件上传到 Blob 存储。将 Main 方法替换为以下代码:
static void Main(string[] args)
{
// Set some variables...
string rgName = "sampleStorageGroup";
string storageAccountName = SdkContext.RandomResourceName("st", 10);
// Authenticate
var credentials = SdkContext.AzureCredentialsFactory
.FromFile(Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("AZURE_AUTH_LOCATION"));
var azure = Azure
.Configure()
.Authenticate(credentials)
.WithDefaultSubscription();
// Create the storage account
Console.WriteLine("Creating storage account...");
var storage = azure.StorageAccounts.Define(storageAccountName)
.WithRegion(Region.ChinaNorth)
.WithNewResourceGroup(rgName)
.Create();
var storageKeys = storage.GetKeys();
string storageConnectionString = "DefaultEndpointsProtocol=https;"
+ "AccountName=" + storage.Name
+ ";AccountKey=" + storageKeys[0].Value
+ ";EndpointSuffix=core.chinacloudapi.cn";
var account = CloudStorageAccount.Parse(storageConnectionString);
var serviceClient = account.CreateCloudBlobClient();
// Create container. Name must be lower case.
Console.WriteLine("Creating container...");
var container = serviceClient.GetContainerReference("helloazure");
container.CreateIfNotExistsAsync().Wait();
// Make the container public
var containerPermissions = new BlobContainerPermissions()
{ PublicAccess = BlobContainerPublicAccessType.Container };
container.SetPermissionsAsync(containerPermissions).Wait();
// write a blob to the container
Console.WriteLine("Uploading blob...");
var blob = container.GetBlockBlobReference("helloazure.txt");
blob.UploadTextAsync("Hello, Azure!").Wait();
Console.WriteLine("Your blob is located at {0}", blob.StorageUri.PrimaryUri);
// Wait for the user
Console.WriteLine("Press enter to continue...");
Console.ReadLine();
}
按 F5 运行程序,运行完成后。我们打开 Azure 门户,来验证文件是否已经上传到 Azure 存储中。
从 Azure 门户中我们可以看到文件已经上传到 Azure 存储中了。
至此,您已经学会了如何使用 Azure .NET Management Libraries 来创建并管理一些重要的 Azure 资源啦!
后续步骤
更多 Azure .NET 示例: