Android深入探究自定义View之嵌套滑动的实现
本文主要探讨以下几个问题：
- 嵌套滑动设计目的
- 嵌套滑动的实现
- 嵌套滑动与事件分发机制
嵌套滑动设计目的
不知道大家有没有注意过淘宝APP首页的二级联动，滑动的商品的时候上面类别也会滑动，滑动过程中类别模块停了商品还能继续滑动。也就是说滑动的是view，ViewGroup也会跟着滑动。如果用事件分发机制处理也能处理，但会及其麻烦。那用NestedScroll会咋样？
嵌套滑动的实现
假设布局如下
RecyclerView 实现了 NestedScrollingChild 接口，NestedScrollView 实现了 NestedScrollingParent，这是实现嵌套布局的基础
public class RecyclerView extends ViewGroup implements ScrollingView, NestedScrollingChild2, NestedScrollingChild3 public class NestedScrollView extends FrameLayout implements NestedScrollingParent3, NestedScrollingChild3, ScrollingView
滑动屏幕时 RecyclerView 收到滑动事件，在 ACTION_DOWN 时
// RecyclerView.java onTouchEvent函数
case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN: {
mScrollPointerId = e.getPointerId(0);
mInitialTouchX = mLastTouchX = (int) (e.getX() + 0.5f);
mInitialTouchY = mLastTouchY = (int) (e.getY() + 0.5f);
int nestedScrollAxis = ViewCompat.SCROLL_AXIS_NONE;
if (canScrollHorizontally) {
nestedScrollAxis |= ViewCompat.SCROLL_AXIS_HORIZONTAL;
}
if (canScrollVertically) {
nestedScrollAxis |= ViewCompat.SCROLL_AXIS_VERTICAL;
}
//
startNestedScroll(nestedScrollAxis, TYPE_TOUCH);
}
break;
继续深入
public boolean startNestedScroll(@ScrollAxis int axes, @NestedScrollType int type) {
if (hasNestedScrollingParent(type)) {
// Already in progress
return true;
}
if (isNestedScrollingEnabled()) {
ViewParent p = mView.getParent();
View child = mView;
while (p != null) {
if (ViewParentCompat.onStartNestedScroll(p, child, mView, axes, type)) {
setNestedScrollingParentForType(type, p);
ViewParentCompat.onNestedScrollAccepted(p, child, mView, axes, type);
return true;
}
if (p instanceof View) {
child = (View) p;
}
p = p.getParent();
}
}
return false;
}
递归寻找NestedScrollingParent，然后回调 onStartNestedScroll 和 onNestedScrollAccepted 。onStartNestedScroll 决定了当前控件是否能接收到其内部View(非并非是直接子View)滑动时的参数；按下时确定其嵌套的父布局以及是否能收到后续事件。再看ACTION_MOVE事件
case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE: {
if (dispatchNestedPreScroll(dx, dy, mScrollConsumed, mScrollOffset)) {
dx -= mScrollConsumed[0];
dy -= mScrollConsumed[1];
vtev.offsetLocation(mScrollOffset[0], mScrollOffset[1]);
}
} break;
ACTION_MOVE 中调用了 dispatchNestedPreScroll 。dispatchNestedPreScroll 中会回调 onNestedPreScroll 方法，内部的 scrollByInternal 中还会回调 onNestedScroll 方法
整个流程如下
onNestedPreScroll中，我们判断，如果是上滑且顶部控件未完全隐藏，则消耗掉dy，即consumed[1]=dy;如果是下滑且内部View已经无法继续下拉，则消耗掉dy，即consumed[1]=dy，消耗掉的意思，就是自己去执行scrollBy，实际上就是我们的NestedScrollView 滑动。
public void onNestedPreScroll(@NonNull View target, int dx, int dy, @NonNull int[] consumed, int type) {
// 向上滑动。若当前topview可见，需要将topview滑动至不可见
boolean hideTop = dy > 0 && getScrollY() < topView.getMeasuredHeight();
if (hideTop) {
scrollBy(0, dy);
// 这个是被消费的距离，如果没有会被重复消费现象是父布局与子布局同时滑动，滑动的距离被消费两次
consumed[1] = dy;
}
}
整体代码如下
public class NestedScrollLayout extends NestedScrollView {
private View topView;
private ViewGroup contentView;
private static final String TAG = "NestedScrollLayout";
public NestedScrollLayout(Context context) {
this(context, null);
init();
}
public NestedScrollLayout(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs) {
this(context, attrs, 0);
init();
}
public NestedScrollLayout(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
this(context, attrs, defStyleAttr, 0);
init();
}
public NestedScrollLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr, int defStyleRes) {
super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
init();
}
private FlingHelper mFlingHelper;
int totalDy = 0;
/**
* 用于判断RecyclerView是否在fling
*/
boolean isStartFling = false;
/**
* 记录当前滑动的y轴加速度
*/
private int velocityY = 0;
private void init() {
mFlingHelper = new FlingHelper(getContext());
setOnScrollChangeListener(new View.OnScrollChangeListener() {
@Override
public void onScrollChange(View v, int scrollX, int scrollY, int oldScrollX, int oldScrollY) {
if (isStartFling) {
totalDy = 0;
isStartFling = false;
}
if (scrollY == 0) {
Log.e(TAG, "TOP SCROLL");
// refreshLayout.setEnabled(true);
}
if (scrollY == (getChildAt(0).getMeasuredHeight() - v.getMeasuredHeight())) {
Log.e(TAG, "BOTTOM SCROLL");
dispatchChildFling();
}
//在RecyclerView fling情况下，记录当前RecyclerView在y轴的偏移
totalDy += scrollY - oldScrollY;
}
});
}
private void dispatchChildFling() {
if (velocityY != 0) {
Double splineFlingDistance = mFlingHelper.getSplineFlingDistance(velocityY);
if (splineFlingDistance > totalDy) {
childFling(mFlingHelper.getVelocityByDistance(splineFlingDistance - Double.valueOf(totalDy)));
}
}
totalDy = 0;
velocityY = 0;
}
private void childFling(int velY) {
RecyclerView childRecyclerView = getChildRecyclerView(contentView);
if (childRecyclerView != null) {
childRecyclerView.fling(0, velY);
}
}
@Override
public void fling(int velocityY) {
super.fling(velocityY);
if (velocityY <= 0) {
this.velocityY = 0;
} else {
isStartFling = true;
this.velocityY = velocityY;
}
}
@Override
protected void onFinishInflate() {
super.onFinishInflate();
topView = ((ViewGroup) getChildAt(0)).getChildAt(0);
contentView = (ViewGroup) ((ViewGroup) getChildAt(0)).getChildAt(1);
}
@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
// 调整contentView的高度为父容器高度，使之填充布局，避免父容器滚动后出现空白
super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
ViewGroup.LayoutParams lp = contentView.getLayoutParams();
lp.height = getMeasuredHeight();
contentView.setLayoutParams(lp);
}
/**
* 解决滑动冲突：RecyclerView在滑动之前会问下父布局是否需要拦截，父布局使用此方法
*/
@Override
public void onNestedPreScroll(@NonNull View target, int dx, int dy, @NonNull int[] consumed, int type) {
Log.e("NestedScrollLayout", getScrollY()+"::onNestedPreScroll::"+topView.getMeasuredHeight()+"::dy::"+dy);
// 向上滑动。若当前topview可见，需要将topview滑动至不可见
boolean hideTop = dy > 0 && getScrollY() < topView.getMeasuredHeight();
if (hideTop) {
scrollBy(0, dy);
// 这个是被消费的距离，如果没有会被重复消费，现象是父布局与子布局同时滑动
consumed[1] = dy;
}
}
private RecyclerView getChildRecyclerView(ViewGroup viewGroup) {
for (int i = 0; i < viewGroup.getChildCount(); i++) {
View view = viewGroup.getChildAt(i);
if (view instanceof RecyclerView && view.getClass() == NestedLogRecyclerView.class) {
return (RecyclerView) viewGroup.getChildAt(i);
} else if (viewGroup.getChildAt(i) instanceof ViewGroup) {
ViewGroup childRecyclerView = getChildRecyclerView((ViewGroup) viewGroup.getChildAt(i));
if (childRecyclerView instanceof RecyclerView) {
return (RecyclerView) childRecyclerView;
}
}
continue;
}
return null;
}
}
嵌套滑动与事件分发机制
- 事件分发机制：子View首先得到事件处理权，处理过程中父View可以对其拦截，但是拦截了以后就无法再还给子View（本次手势内）。
- NestedScrolling 滑动机制：内部View在滚动的时候，首先将dx,dy交给NestedScrollingParent，NestedScrollingParent可对其进行部分消耗，剩余的部分还给内部View。
总结：嵌套布局要注意的有几个方面
- ACTION_DOWN 时子view调用父布局的onStartNestedScroll，根据滑动方向判断父布局是否要收到子view的滑动参数
- ACTION_MOVE时子view调用父布局的onNestedPreScroll函数，父布局是否要滑动已经消费掉自身需要的距离
- ACTION_UP时，手指抬起可能还有加速度，调用父布局的onPreFling判断是否需要消费以及消费剩下的再传给子布局