正确的方式来解码传入的电子邮件主题（utf 8）

问题描述：

我正在尝试将我传入的邮件传递给一个php脚本，以便我可以将它们存储在数据库和其他使用类 MIME电子邮件消息解析器（需要注册）虽然我不认为这很重要。

i'm trying to pipe my incoming mails to a php script so i can store them in database and other things I'm using the class MIME E-mail message parser (registration required) although I don't think it's important.

我有一个电子邮件主题的问题

它的工作正常，当标题在engelish但如果主题使用没有拉丁字符我得到像

i have a problem with emails subjects
it works fine when title is in engelish but if the subject uses none latin Characters i get something like

=?UTF-8?B?2KLYstmF2KfbjNi0?=

的标题像
یکدوسه

for a title like یک دو سه

我解码的主题如下：

  $subject  = str_replace('=?UTF-8?B?' , '' , $subject);
  $subject  = str_replace('?=' , '' , $subject);      
  $subject = base64_decode($subject);

它可以与10-15个字符
的短主题一起工作，但带有一个逗号

it works fine with short subjects with like 10 -15 characters but with a linger title

我得到一半的原始标题，如结尾

i get half of the original title with something like �� at the end

，如果标题甚至更像30个角色！我什么都没有我正在做这件事吗？

and if the title is even longer like 30 characters ! i get nothing ! am i doing this right ?

答

尽管这几乎是一年以前 - 我发现这一点，正面临着类似的

Despite the fact that this is almost a year old - I found this and am facing a similar problem.

我不知道为什么你会得到奇怪的字符，但也许你试图在不支持你的字符集的地方显示它们。

I'm unsure why you're getting odd characters, but perhaps you are trying to display them somewhere your charset is unsupported.

这是我写的一些代码，它应该处理除charset转换之外的所有东西，这是许多图书馆处理得更好的一个大问题。（例如PHP的 MB库）

Here's some code I wrote which should handle everything except the charset conversion, which is a large problem that many libraries handle much better. (PHP's MB library, for instance)

class mail {
    /**
      * If you change one of these, please check the other for fixes as well
     *
     * @const Pattern to match RFC 2047 charset encodings in mail headers
     */
    const rfc2047header = '/=\?([^ ?]+)\?([BQbq])\?([^ ?]+)\?=/';

    const rfc2047header_spaces = '/(=\?[^ ?]+\?[BQbq]\?[^ ?]+\?=)\s+(=\?[^ ?]+\?[BQbq]\?[^ ?]+\?=)/';

    /**
     * http://www.rfc-archive.org/getrfc.php?rfc=2047
     *
     * =?<charset>?<encoding>?<data>?=
     *
     * @param string $header
     */
    public static function is_encoded_header($header) {
        // e.g. =?utf-8?q?Re=3a=20Support=3a=204D09EE9A=20=2d=20Re=3a=20Support=3a=204D078032=20=2d=20Wordpress=20Plugin?=
        // e.g. =?utf-8?q?Wordpress=20Plugin?=
        return preg_match(self::rfc2047header, $header) !== 0;
    }

    public static function header_charsets($header) {
        $matches = null;
        if (!preg_match_all(self::rfc2047header, $header, $matches, PREG_PATTERN_ORDER)) {
            return array();
        }
        return array_map('strtoupper', $matches[1]);
    }

    public static function decode_header($header) {
        $matches = null;

        /* Repair instances where two encodings are together and separated by a space (strip the spaces) */
        $header = preg_replace(self::rfc2047header_spaces, "$1$2", $header);

        /* Now see if any encodings exist and match them */
        if (!preg_match_all(self::rfc2047header, $header, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER)) {
            return $header;
        }
        foreach ($matches as $header_match) {
            list($match, $charset, $encoding, $data) = $header_match;
            $encoding = strtoupper($encoding);
            switch ($encoding) {
                case 'B':
                    $data = base64_decode($data);
                    break;
                case 'Q':
                    $data = quoted_printable_decode(str_replace("_", " ", $data));
                    break;
                default:
                    throw new Exception("preg_match_all is busted: didn't find B or Q in encoding $header");
            }
            // This part needs to handle every charset
            switch (strtoupper($charset)) {
                case "UTF-8":
                    break;
                default:
                    /* Here's where you should handle other character sets! */
                    throw new Exception("Unknown charset in header - time to write some code.");
            }
            $header = str_replace($match, $data, $header);
        }
        return $header;
    }
}

当运行脚本并在浏览器中显示时UTF-8，结果是：

When run through a script and displayed in a browser using UTF-8, the result is:

آزمایش

你可以这样运行：

$decoded = mail::decode_header("=?UTF-8?B?2KLYstmF2KfbjNi0?=");

正确的方式来解码传入的电子邮件主题（utf 8）

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