手把手教你调试Linux C++ 代码(一步到位包含静态库和动态库调试)

#makefile
CC=gcc
CXX=g++
RM=rm -f
CPPFLAGS=-g
LDFLAGS=-g
LDLIBS=
AR=ar

SRCS=main.cc functions.cc
OBJS=$(subst .cc,.o,$(SRCS))

all: main
main: $(OBJS)
    $(CXX) $(LDFLAGS) -o main $(OBJS) -L. $(LDLIBS) 
    
main.o: main.cc functions.h testobj.h

functions.o: functions.h functions.cc

clean:
    $(RM) $(OBJS)

all-clean: clean
    $(RM) main

 1 #include<iostream>
 2 #include"functions.h"
 5 int main()
 6 {
 7 std::cout << "Enter two numbers:" << std::endl;
 8 int v1 = 0, v2 = 0;
 9 std::cin >> v1 >> v2;
10 std::cout << "The sum of " << v1 << " and " << v2
11 << " is " << v1 + v2 << std::endl;
12 
13 function();
14 
15 return 0;
16 }

1 #include<iostream>
2 int function(void)
3 {
4     std::cout << "I am in a function!" << std::endl;
5     return 0;
6 }

1 int function(void);

调试结果如下：
solidmango@solidmango-pc:~/testmake/Test_L1$ gdb main
GNU gdb (Ubuntu 7.7-0ubuntu3) 7.7
Copyright (C) 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
Reading symbols from main...done.

(gdb) b 2 //在第二行设置断点
Breakpoint 1 at 0x400a4a: file main.cc, line 2.
(gdb) r //全速运行
Starting program: /home/solidmango/testmake/Test_L1/main

Breakpoint 1, main () at main.cc:7
7    std::cout << "Enter two numbers:" << std::endl;//断点命中
(gdb) s
Enter two numbers:
8    int v1 = 0, v2 = 0;
(gdb) s //单步执行
9    std::cin >> v1 >> v2;
(gdb) n
5
6
11    << " is " << v1 + v2 << std::endl;
(gdb) s
10    std::cout << "The sum of " << v1 << " and " << v2
(gdb) s
11    << " is " << v1 + v2 << std::endl;
(gdb) s
The sum of 5 and 6 is 11
14    function();
(gdb)

#makefile
CC=gcc
CXX=g++
RM=rm -f
CPPFLAGS=-g
LDFLAGS=-g
LDLIBS=-ltest #changed
AR=ar

SRCS=main.cc functions.cc
OBJS=$(subst .cc,.o,$(SRCS))

all: main
main: $(OBJS) libtest.a #changed

$(CXX) $(LDFLAGS) -o main $(OBJS) -L. $(LDLIBS) 
main.o: main.cc functions.h testobj.h 
functions.o: functions.h functions.cc 

clean: $(RM) $(OBJS) 

all-clean: clean $(RM) main

#include<iostream>
#include"functions.h"
#include"testobj.h"

int main()
{
std::cout << "Enter two numbers:" << std::endl;
int v1 = 0, v2 = 0;
std::cin >> v1 >> v2;
std::cout << "The sum of " << v1 << " and " << v2
<< " is " << v1 + v2 << std::endl;

function();

TestObj();

return 0;
}

#include<iostream>
int TestObj(void)
{
    std::cout << "I am in TestObj!" << std::endl;
    return 0;
}

int TestObj(void);

solidmango@solidmango-pc:~/testmake/Test_L1$ g++ -g -c -o testobj.o testobj.cc
solidmango@solidmango-pc:~/testmake/Test_L1$ ar rv libtest.a testobj.o
ar: creating libtest.a
a - testobj.o
solidmango@solidmango-pc:~/testmake/Test_L1$ make
g++  -g  -c -o main.o main.cc
g++  -g  -c -o functions.o functions.cc
g++ -g -o main main.o functions.o -L. -ltest 
solidmango@solidmango-pc:~/testmake/Test_L1$ ./main
Enter two numbers:
5
6
The sum of 5 and 6 is 11
I am in a function!
I am in TestObj!
solidmango@solidmango-pc:~/testmake/Test_L1$ 

g++ -g -c -fPIC -o testobj.o testobj.cc
g++ -g  -shared -o libtest.so testobj.o
sudo cp libtest.so /lib/libtest.so

CC=gcc
CXX=g++
RM=rm -f
CPPFLAGS=-g
LDFLAGS=-g
LDLIBS=-ltest
AR=ar

SRCS=main.cc functions.cc
OBJS=$(subst .cc,.o,$(SRCS))

all: main
main: $(OBJS) libtest.so
    $(CXX) $(LDFLAGS) -o main $(OBJS) -L. $(LDLIBS) 
    
main.o: main.cc functions.h testobj.h

functions.o: functions.h functions.cc

clean:
    $(RM) $(OBJS)

all-clean: clean
    $(RM) main