Centos 5.5 配置独立的 Subversion 1.6.12 (SVN)服务器
subversion(以下简称svn)是近年来崛起的版本管理工具,是cvs的接班人。
svn服务器有2种运行方式:
1. 独立服务器
2. 借助apache。
二种方式各有利弊,可以根据自己的需要进行配置,我不需要Http进行访问,只需要客户端可以Commit & update 就可以,下面是我选择的第一种方式-独立的SVN服务器。
svn存储版本数据也有2种方式:
1. BDB
2. FSFS。
因为BDB方式在服务器中断时,有可能锁住数据(朋友在搞ldap时就深受其害,没法根治),所以还是FSFS方式更安全一点,我也选择这种方式。
我的系统环境:Centos-5.5 + Php-5.3.3 + Nginx-0.8.49 + Mysql-5.5.5m3+subersion-1.6.12
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============ 以上介绍系统完成,下面开始SVN安装 ==============
================================================================
获取svn安装包,直接切换到root用户进行所有操作:
最新版下载地址:http://subversion.apache.org/
直接到下载页面:http://svn.haxx.se/dev/archive-2010-06/0320.shtml
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[root@hexu.org]$ wget "http://subversion.tigris.org/downloads/subversion-1.6.12.tar.gz"
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[root@hexu.org]$ wget "http://subversion.tigris.org/downloads/subversion-deps-1.6.12.tar.gz"
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下载完成之后,开始编译:
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[root@hexu.org]$ tar xfvz subversion-1.6.12. tar .gz
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[root@hexu.org]$ tar xfvz subversion-deps-1.6.12. tar .gz
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[root@hexu.org]$ cd subversion-1.6.12
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[root@hexu.org]$ ./configure -–prefix=/usr/ local /svn -–without-berkeley-db
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注:以svnserve方式运行,不加apache编译参数。以fsfs格式存储版本库,不编译berkeley-db
如果最后出现下面WARNING,我们直接忽略即可。因为不使用BDB存储。
configure: WARNING: we have configured without BDB filesystem support
You don't seem to have Berkeley DB version 4.0.14 or newer
installed and linked to APR-UTIL. We have created Makefiles which
will build without the Berkeley DB back-end; your repositories will
use FSFS as the default back-end. You can find the latest version of
Berkeley DB here:
http://www.sleepycat.com/download/index.shtml
编译完成之后,开始安装:
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[root@hexu.org]$ make && make install
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如果 make install 出现下面错误:
error while loading shared libraries: libiconv.so.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
解决办法:
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#1、编辑/etc/ld.so.conf文件: |
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[root@hexu.org]$ vi /etc/ld.so.conf
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[root@hexu.org]$ /sbin/ldconfig |
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#3、再重新运行make install 问题得到解决。 |
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[root@hexu.org]$ make install
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#注:ld.so.conf和ldconfig用于维护系统动态链接库 |
测试是否安装成功:
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[root@hexu.org]$ /usr/ local /svn/bin/svnserve --version
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如果显示如下,svn安装成功:
svnserve, version 1.6.12 (r955767)
compiled Sep 1 2010, 01:36:17
Copyright (C) 2000-2009 CollabNet.
Subversion is open source software, see http://subversion.tigris.org/
This product includes software developed by CollabNet (http://www.Collab.Net/).
The following repository back-end (FS) modules are available:
* fs_fs : Module for working with a plain file (FSFS) repository.
Cyrus SASL authentication is available.
================================================================
============ 为了方便下操作,下面将SVN的BIN添加到PATH ====================
================================================================
在/etc/profile最后加入 SVN Path 以方便操作:
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#1、编辑/etc/profile文件,添加PATH |
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[root@hexu.org]$ vi /etc/profile
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PATH=/usr/ local /php/bin:/usr/ local /mysql/bin:/usr/ local /svn/bin:$PATH
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[root@hexu.org]$ source /etc/profile
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[root@hexu.org]$ echo $PATH
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/usr/kerberos/sbin:/usr/kerberos/bin:/usr/ local /php/bin:/usr/ local /mysql/bin:/usr/ local /svn/bin:......
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#上面已经包含了“/usr/local/svn/bin”,说明已经成功。 |
更多详细介绍可参考:http://blog.hexu.org/archives/647.shtml
================================================================
============ 以上安装完成,下面开始建立SVN版本库 =============
================================================================
svn版本库可建多个比如:repos,repos1,repos2….:
新建目录和初始化版本库:
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[root@hexu.org]$ mkdir -p /data/svn/repos
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[root@hexu.org]$ svnadmin create /data/svn/repos |
初始化版本库完成,开始设置配置svnserve.conf:
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[root@hexu.org]$ vi /data/svn/repos/conf/svnserve.conf
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### This file controls the configuration of the svnserve daemon, if you |
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### use it to allow access to this repository. (If you only allow |
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### access through http: and/or file: URLs, then this file is |
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### Visit http://subversion.tigris.org/ for more information. |
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### These options control access to the repository for unauthenticated |
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### and authenticated users. Valid values are "write", "read", |
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### and "none". The sample settings below are the defaults. |
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anon-access = none # 注意这里必须设置,否则所有用户不用密码就可以访问
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### The password-db option controls the location of the password |
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### database file. Unless you specify a path starting with a /, |
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### the file's location is relative to the directory containing |
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### this configuration file. |
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### If SASL is enabled (see below), this file will NOT be used. |
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### Uncomment the line below to use the default password file. |
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### The authz-db option controls the location of the authorization |
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### rules for path-based access control. Unless you specify a path |
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### starting with a /, the file's location is relative to the the |
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### directory containing this file. If you don't specify an |
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### authz-db, no path-based access control is done. |
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### Uncomment the line below to use the default authorization file. |
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### This option specifies the authentication realm of the repository. |
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### If two repositories have the same authentication realm, they should |
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### have the same password database, and vice versa. The default realm |
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### is repository's uuid. |
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### This option specifies whether you want to use the Cyrus SASL |
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### library for authentication. Default is false. |
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### This section will be ignored if svnserve is not built with Cyrus |
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### SASL support; to check, run 'svnserve --version' and look for a line |
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### reading 'Cyrus SASL authentication is available.' |
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### These options specify the desired strength of the security layer |
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### that you want SASL to provide. 0 means no encryption, 1 means |
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### integrity-checking only, values larger than 1 are correlated |
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### to the effective key length for encryption (e.g. 128 means 128-bit |
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### encryption). The values below are the defaults. |
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# max-encryption = 256 |
注意:对用户配置文件的修改立即生效,不必重启svn。
初始化版本库完成,开始设置passwd 用户账号信息:
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[root@hexu.org]$ vi /data/svn/repos/conf/ passwd .
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### This file is an example password file for svnserve. |
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### Its format is similar to that of svnserve.conf. As shown in the |
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### example below it contains one section labelled [users]. |
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### The name and password for each user follow, one account per line. |
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# 在下面添加用户和密码,每行一组 username = password |
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# harry = harryssecret |
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# sally = sallyssecret |
初始化版本库完成,开始设置authz 用户访问权限:
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### This file is an example authorization file for svnserve. |
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### Its format is identical to that of mod_authz_svn authorization |
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### As shown below each section defines authorizations for the path and |
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### (optional) repository specified by the section name. |
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### The authorizations follow. An authorization line can refer to: |
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### - a group of users defined in a special [groups] section, |
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### - an alias defined in a special [aliases] section, |
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### - all authenticated users, using the '$authenticated' token, |
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### - only anonymous users, using the '$anonymous' token, |
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### - anyone, using the '*' wildcard. |
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### A match can be inverted by prefixing the rule with '~'. Rules can |
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### grant read ('r') access, read-write ('rw') access, or no access |
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# joe = /C=XZ/ST=Dessert/L=Snake City/O=Snake Oil, Ltd./OU=Research Institute/CN=Joe Average |
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# harry_and_sally = harry,sally |
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# harry_sally_and_joe = harry,sally,&joe |
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# [repository:/baz/fuz] |
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# @harry_and_sally = rw |
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#### ==================== 下面我新加的 ==================== ### |
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grp_hexu = tiboo, olinux # grp_hexu 组包括两个用户tiboo, olinux
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tiboo = # tiboo对根目录没有任何权限
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olinux = rw # olinux对根目录有读写权限
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[repos:/hexu.org] # 对repos仓库的hexu.org项目进行权限 限制
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@grp_hexu = rw # 限制grp_hexu 组对hexu.org项目有读写权限
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olinux = # 限制olinux所有权限,其它用户有读写权限
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[repos:/ test .org] # 对repos仓库的test.org项目进行权限 限制
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@grp_hexu = rw # 限制grp_hexu 组对test.org项目有读写权限
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olinux= r # 限制olinux只有读权限,其它用户有读写权限
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其中,1个用户组可以包含1个或多个用户,用户间以逗号分隔。
下面是举例一个最简单的svnserver.conf & passwd & authz配置:
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[root@hexu.org]$ vi /data/svn/repos/conf/svnserve.conf
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[root@hexu.org]$ vi /data/svn/repos/conf/ passwd
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[root@hexu.org]$ vi /data/svn/repos/conf/authz
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启动svn服务器和新建svn用户:
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[root@hexu.org]$ useradd svn
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[root@hexu.org]$ chown -R svn:svn /data/svn
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[root@hexu.org]$ su - svn -c "svnserve -d --listen-port 9999 -r /data/svn"
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[root@hexu.org]$ ps -ef| grep svn
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svn 6941 1 0 15:07 ? 00:00:00 svnserve -d –listen-port 9999 -r /data/svn |
额外说明:
su - svn表示以用户svn的身份启动svn
-d表示以daemon方式(后台运行)运行
–listen-port 9999表示使用9999端口,可以换成你需要的端口。但注意,使用1024以下的端口需要root权限
-r /data/svn 指定SVN服务的根目录是/data/svn
通过web方式访问svn有很多方法,请参阅配置websvn或配置bsSvnBrowser的方法。
好了所有配置完成,可以使用客户端SVN进行操作了。
================================================================
============ 以上介绍SVN版本库完成,下面开始测试 =============
================================================================
服务测试方法 1:
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[root@hexu.org]$ cd /tmp
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[root@hexu.org]$ mkdir test
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[root@hexu.org]$ touch test .txt
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[root@hexu.org]$ svn import /tmp/ test / file :///usr/ local /svndata/repos -m "this is thie first import"
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[root@hexu.org]$ mkdir -p /tmp/test2
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[root@hexu.org]$ cd /tmp/test2
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[root@hexu.org]$ svn co file :///usr/ local /svndata/repos /tmp/test2/
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[root@hexu.org]$ svn co svn://{your-server-ip}:9999/repos/ |
服务测试方法 2:
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[root@hexu.org]$ telnet {your-server-ip} 9999 检查端口是不是通的 |
如果telnet 检查不通,有可能是防火墙(iptables)里面端口没开:
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[root@hexu.org]$ vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
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-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp --dport 9999 -j ACCEPT |
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[root@hexu.org]$ /etc/init.d/iptables restart |
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[root@hexu.org]$ service iptables restart |
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http://blog.chinaunix.net/u/33048/showart_2079175.html |
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http://blog.****.net/saiya_kwok/archive/2009/02/20/3914294.aspx |