在32位的Linux系统调用或SYSENTER？

问题描述：

由于MS-DOS，我知道使用中断系统调用。在旧报纸，我看到了参考 INT 80H 来调用Linux系统的功能。由于相当长的时间了，我知道 INT 80H 赞成系统调用指令pcated德$ P $。但我不能得到它我的32位机器上工作。

Since MS‑DOS, I know system invocation using interrupts. In old papers, I saw reference to int 80h to invoke system functions on Linux. Since a rather long time now, I know int 80h is deprecated in favour of the syscall instruction. But I can't get it working on my 32 bits machine.

是系统调用指令只有64位平台上使用？没有32位的Linux利用系统调用？

Is the syscall instruction to be used on 64 bits platform only? Doesn't 32 bits Linux makes use of syscall?

在我的32位的Linux（Ubuntu的precise），这个程序有核心转储终止：

On my 32 bits Linux (Ubuntu Precise), this program terminates with a core dump:

global _start

_start:
        mov     eax, 4                ; 4 is write
        mov     ebx, 1                ; 1 is stdout
        mov     ecx, message          ; address of string
        mov     edx, length           ; number of bytes
        syscall

        mov     eax, 1                ; 1 is exit
        xor     ebx, ebx              ; return code 0
        syscall

message:
        db  10,"Hello, World",10,10
length  equ $ - message

我和 SYSENTER 尝试，而不是系统调用，但它崩溃了同样的方式。

I've tried with sysenter instead of syscall, but it crashes the same way.

答

在一些网络搜索，我要降落的StackOverflow这个话题的其他：Linux通过调用SYSENTER教程系统调用。它说，调用系统推荐的方式，既不用 INT 80H 也不系统调用也不 SYSENTER ，但 linux-gate.so 。

After some web searching, I landed to this other topic on StackOverflow: Linux invoke a system call via sysenter tutorial. It says the recommended way to invoke the system, is neither using int 80h nor syscall nor sysenter, but linux-gate.so.

不过仍对崩溃和核心转储的问题。我的猜测是最后，虽然可以系统调用或 SYSENTER 指令作为CPU的指令，可能是Linux内核只没有设置正确这个切入点，当它决定它不是在一个给定的硬件平台，真正有用的。

Still remains the question about the crash and core‑dump. My guess is finally that although either syscall or sysenter instructions are available as a CPU instruction, may be the Linux kernel just does not set‑up properly this "entry point" when it decide it's not really useful on a given hardware platform.

好像在32位平台上， SYSENTER 或系统调用 可以同时可用，它总是可用，仅在64位平台。

Seems on 32 bits platform, sysenter or syscall may be available, while it's always available, only on 64 bits platform.

虽然我觉得这个回答我的问题，我还是欢迎更多的材料，像我上述猜测的权威参考。

Although I feel this answer my question, I still welcome more material, like an authoritative reference for my above guess.

- 更新 -

至少，我能找到这里面确认以上。这仍然不是一个权威的参考，但似乎很可信，我相信。

At least, I could find this which confirm the above. That's still not an authoritative reference but seems trustable enough I believe.

什么是Linux-gate.so.1？，说：

调用系统调用的preferred的方法是
按内核在启动时确定，然后
显然这个盒子采用SYSENTER。

The preferred way of invoking a system call is determined by the kernel at boot time, and evidently this box uses sysenter.

另外，从其他来源，样品FASM汇编源，通过 linux-gate.so 来调用系统功能（如果你使用NASM需要一些翻译）：查找Linux的gate.so.1在大会。

Also, from another source, a sample FASM assembly source (needs some translations if you use NASM), to call a system function via linux-gate.so: Finding linux-gate.so.1 in Assembly .

在32位的Linux系统调用或SYSENTER？

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