Sevlet处理HTML表单

表单<form>用于搜集不同类型的用户输入。可以轻松地将一个HTML表单从一个Servlet发送到浏览器,当用户提交表单时,在表单元素中输入的值就会被当做请求参数发送到服务器。

request.getParameter(name) 中的name指的是表单中元素的name属性的值

HTML输入域(文本域、隐藏域、密码域)或者文本区的值,会被当做字符串发送到服务器,空的输入域或者文本区会发送空字符串。因此,有输入域名称的,ServletRequest.getParameter(String name)绝对不会返回null

包含多个值的<select>元素,使用ServeltRequest.getParameterValues(name)捕获选中的值,返回一个字符串数组

复选框<input type="checkbox" />,选中的复选框会发送字符串“on”到服务器,未选中的复选框不向服务器发送任何东西,此时ServletRequest.getParameter(name)返回null

单选框<input type="radio" />,将被选中按钮的值(即value属性的值)发送到服务器,若没有选中任何按钮,将没有内容发送到服务器,此时Servletrequest.getParameter(name)返回null

如果同一个表单包含多个输入同名的元素(即name属性的值相同),那么所有值都会被提交,并且必须利用Servlet.getParameterValues(name)来捕获它们并返回一个字符串数组。若使用Servler.getParameter(name)将只会返回最后一个值。

package app01b;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Enumeration;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * Servlet implementation class FormServlet
 */

@WebServlet(name = "FormServlet", urlPatterns = {"/form"})
public class FormServlet extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    private static final String TITLE = "Order Form";
    
    public FormServlet() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
     */
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        response.setContentType("text/html");
        PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
        writer.println("<html>");
        writer.println("<head>");
        writer.println("<title>" + TITLE + "</title>");
        writer.println("</head>");
        writer.println("<body>");
        writer.println("<h1>" + TITLE + "</h1>");
        writer.println("<form method='post'>");
        writer.println("<table>");
        writer.println("<tr>");
        writer.println("<td>Name:</td>");
        writer.println("<td><input type='text' name='name' /></td>");
        writer.println("</tr>");
        writer.println("<tr>");
        writer.println("<td>Address:</td>");
        writer.println("<td><textarea name='address' cols='40' rows='5'></textarea></td>");
        writer.println("</tr>");
        writer.println("<tr>");
        writer.println("<td>Country:</td>");
        writer.println("<td>");
        writer.println("<select name='country'>");
        writer.println("<option>United States</option>");
        writer.println("<option>Canada</option>");
        writer.println("</select>");
        writer.println("</td>");
        writer.println("</tr>");
        writer.println("<tr>");
        writer.println("<td>Delivery Method:</td>");
        writer.println("<td>");
        writer.println("<input type='radio' name='deliveryMethod' value='First Class' />First Class");  // 将被选中按钮的值(即value属性的值)发送到服务器,若没有选中任何按钮,将没有内容发送到服务器,此时Servletrequest.getParameter(name)返回null
        writer.println("<input type='radio' name='deliveryMethod' value='Second Class' />Second Class");
        writer.println("</td>");
        writer.println("</tr>");
        writer.println("<tr>");
        writer.println("<td>Shipping Instructions:</td>");
        writer.println("<td><textarea name='instructions' cols='40' rows='5'></textarea></td>");  // 如果同一个表单包含多个输入同名的元素(即name属性的值相同),那么所有值都会被提交,并且必须利用Servlet.getParameterValues(name)来捕获它们并返回一个字符串数组。
        writer.println("</tr>");
        writer.println("<tr>");
        writer.println("<td>&nbsp;</td>");
        writer.println("<td><textarea name = 'instructions' cols='40' rows='5'></textarea></td>");
        writer.println("</tr>");
        writer.println("<tr>");
        writer.println("<td>Please send me the leatest product catalog:</td>");
        writer.println("<td><input type='checkbox' name='catalogRequest' /></td>");  // 若选中,发送字符串“on”到服务器;若未选中,不向服务器发送任何东西,此时ServletRequest.getParameter(name)返回null
        writer.println("</tr>");
        writer.println("<tr>");
        writer.println("<td>&nbsp;</td>");
        writer.println("<td><input type='reset' /><input type='submit' /></td>");
        writer.println("</tr>");
        writer.println("</table>");
        writer.println("</form>");
        writer.println("</body>");
        writer.println("</html>");
    }

    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
     */
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        response.setContentType("text/html");
        PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
        writer.println("<html>");
        writer.println("<head>");
        writer.println("<title>" + TITLE + "</title>");
        writer.println("</head>");
        writer.println("<body>");
        writer.println("<h1>" + TITLE + "</h1>");
        writer.println("<table>");
        writer.println("<tr>");
        writer.println("<td>Name:</td>");
        writer.println("<td>" + request.getParameter("name") + "</td>");
        writer.println("</tr>");
        writer.println("<tr>");
        writer.println("<td>Address:</td>");
        writer.println("<td>" + request.getParameter("address") + "</td>");
        writer.println("</tr>");
        writer.println("<tr>");
        writer.println("<td>Country:</td>");
        writer.println("<td>" + request.getParameter("country") + "</td>");
        writer.println("</tr>");
        writer.println("<tr>");
        writer.println("<td>Shipping Instructions:</td>");
        writer.println("<td>");
        String[] instructions = request.getParameterValues("instruction");
        if(instructions != null) {
            for(String instruction : instructions) {
                writer.println(instruction + "<br />");
            }
        }
        writer.println("</td>");
        writer.println("</tr>");
        writer.println("<tr>");
        writer.println("<td>Delivery Method:</td>");
        writer.println("<td>" + request.getParameter("deliveryMethod") + "</td>");
        writer.println("</tr>");
        writer.println("<tr>");
        writer.println("<td>Catalog Request:</td>");
        writer.println("<td>");
        if(request.getParameter("catalogRequest") == null) {
            writer.println("No");
        }else {
            writer.println("Yes");
        }
        writer.println("</td>");
        writer.println("</tr>");
        writer.println("</table>");
        writer.println("<div style='border:1px solid #ddd; margin-top:40px; font-size:90%'>");
        writer.println("Debug Info<br />");
        Enumeration<String> parameters = request.getParameterNames();
        while(parameters.hasMoreElements()) {
            String parameterName = parameters.nextElement();
            writer.println(parameterName + ": ");
            String[] parameterValues = request.getParameterValues(parameterName);
            for(String parameterValue : parameterValues) {
                writer.println(parameterValue + "<br />");
            }
        }
        writer.println("</div>");
        writer.println("</body>");
        writer.println("</html>");
    }
}

Sevlet处理HTML表单

Sevlet处理HTML表单

Servlet中写的html代码(doGet()方法中的)。通过浏览器查看

Sevlet处理HTML表单

Servlet中写的html代码(doPost()方法中的)

Sevlet处理HTML表单