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如何使用 QScrollArea 使滚动条出现

分类: 技术问答 • 2022-06-10 09:15:32
问题描述：

我正在尝试使用 pyqt5 创建一个具有垂直布局的滚动区域，并且我正在放置一些标签.我知道即使它是垂直布局，如果文本不适合，它也应该水平滚动.但无论我尝试什么，它都不会让我滚动.

I am trying to create a scroll area with a vertical layout using pyqt5, and I am putting inside some labels. I know that even if it is a vertical layout it is supposed to scroll horizontally if the text does not fit. But no matter what I try it does not let me scroll.

这是我使用的代码:

class window(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super(window, self).__init__()
        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 803, 520)
        self.init_ui()

    def init_ui(self):
        self.teacher_box = QScrollArea(self)
        self.teacher_box.setGeometry(360, 10, 420, 181)
        self.teacher_box.setWidgetResizable(True)
        self.teacher_box.setObjectName("teacher_box")
        self.teacher_box_widget = QWidget()
        self.teacher_box_widget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 420, 181))
        self.teacher_box_widget.setObjectName("teacher_box_widget")
        self.verticalLayout = QVBoxLayout(self.teacher_box_widget)
        self.verticalLayout.setObjectName("verticalLayout")
        self.teacher_box.setWidget(self.teacher_box_widget) 
        self.teacher_label = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.teacher_box_widget)
        self.teacher_label.setText("This is a new text label that i created using pyqt5's qscrollarea and now the label is going to get outside the boundaries")
        self.teacher_label.adjustSize()
        self.teacher_label.move(10, 10)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    win = window()
    win.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

它应该是这样的:

外观如下:

我希望我的问题很清楚

答

由于很多问题想知道如何使用许多小部件都有的 QScrollArea，我将拿许可证详细解释各种形式，并将它们用作未来读者的规范答案.

QScrollArea 只允许放置容器小部件，因此其他小部件必须作为容器小部件的子部件放置.

QScrollArea only allows placing a container widget so the other widgets must be placed as children of the container widget.

并且要将小部件作为另一个小部件的子部件，有两种可能性:

And to place the widgets as children of another there are 2 possibilities:

QLayouts 允许您根据 QSizePolicy、strecth、sizeHint 等自动化小部件的几何形状.因此，在这种情况下很简单:只需将 widgetResizable 属性设置为 True.

QLayouts allow you to automate the geometry of the widgets based on the QSizePolicy, strecth, sizeHint, etc. So in that case it's simple: Just set the widgetResizable property to True.

import sys
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets


class Window(QtWidgets.QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(Window, self).__init__(parent)

        central_widget = QtWidgets.QWidget()
        self.setCentralWidget(central_widget)

        scroll_area = QtWidgets.QScrollArea(central_widget)
        scroll_area.setGeometry(360, 10, 420, 180)
        scroll_area.setWidgetResizable(True)

        container = QtWidgets.QWidget()
        scroll_area.setWidget(container)

        # Set widgets via layout
        lay = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(container)
        lay.setContentsMargins(10, 10, 0, 0)
        for letter in "ABCDE":
            text = letter * 100
            label = QtWidgets.QLabel(text)
            lay.addWidget(label)
        lay.addStretch()

        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 803, 520)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    win = Window()
    win.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

2.直接设置小部件，无需布局:

在这种情况下，您必须计算包含内部小部件的最小几何形状并设置容器中的大小，还必须将 widgetResizable 属性设置为 False:

2. Set the widgets directly without layouts:

In this case you must calculate the minimum geometry that contains the internal widgets and set the size in the container, also you must set the widgetResizable property to False:

import sys
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtWidgets


class Window(QtWidgets.QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(Window, self).__init__(parent)

        central_widget = QtWidgets.QWidget()
        self.setCentralWidget(central_widget)

        scroll_area = QtWidgets.QScrollArea(central_widget)
        scroll_area.setGeometry(360, 10, 420, 180)
        scroll_area.setWidgetResizable(False)

        container = QtWidgets.QWidget()
        scroll_area.setWidget(container)

        # calculate geometry
        geometry = QtCore.QRect(10, 10, 0, 0)
        for letter in "ABCDE":
            text = letter * 100
            label = QtWidgets.QLabel(text, container)
            label.adjustSize()
            label.move(geometry.bottomLeft())
            geometry |= label.geometry()

        geometry.setTopLeft(QtCore.QPoint(0, 0))
        container.resize(geometry.size())

        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 803, 520)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    win = Window()
    win.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

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