如何在WPF中创建比赛计分板
我正在尝试开发这样的比赛计分板:
Im trying to develop a race track scoreboard like this:
问题是我不知道哪种最佳做法.实际上，我尝试创建一个不断更新的Observable集合.好吧，问题在于，当我尝试按驾驶员最佳圈数对记分牌进行动态排序时，驾驶员位置始终是静态的.
The problem is that I dont know which is the best practice to do it. Actually I tryied to create an Observable Collection that is updated constantly. Well, the problem is that when I try to sort the scoreboard dinamically by drivers best lap, the drivers position is always static.
我使用了一个CollectionViewSource和一个ListBox来按属性"BestLap"对驱动程序进行排序，但似乎仅在我第一次运行程序时才对驱动程序位置进行排序，然后不对任何内容进行排序.
I used a CollectionViewSource combined with a ListBox for sort the drivers by the Property "BestLap" but It seems that the drivers position is sorted only when I run the program for the first time, then don't sort anything.
我还尝试在视图模型中不断对ObservableCollection进行排序，使Driver类成为IComparable并创建一个新的ObservableCollection，以按bestlap对比较驱动程序进行排序.但是它认为这不是一个好习惯.
I also tryied to sort the ObservableCollection constantly in the viewmodel, making the Driver class IComparable and creating a new ObservableCollection that sorts comparing drivers by bestlap. But it think that's not a good practice.
我想找到一个做类似事情的样品，但我还没有找到.如果您对此有任何建议，请告诉我.
I would like to find a sample that does something similar but I didn't find it yet. Please let me know if you have any suggestions about how to do this.
对不起，我的英语.
非常感谢！
使用ObservableCollection(OC)，例如驱动程序是正确的方法.此外，使用CollectionViewSource(CVS)也是一种好方法.在您的情况下，最终的问题是，当Source(OC)发生更改时，您的CVS才被实现.这意味着如果添加或删除了驱动程序.
Using an ObservableCollection (OC) of e.g. drivers is the correct approach. Furthermore using an CollectionViewSource (CVS) is a good way, too. The resulting problem in your case is, that your CVS just gets actualised when the Source (the OC) changes. This means if a driver gets added or removed.
您想要的是在Source对象的属性(例如"BestLap")发生更改时得到通知.
What you want is to be notified when a property (like "BestLap") of an object of your Source changes.
关于stackoverflow和其他解决此问题的站点，有几个问题/答案.
There are several questions/answers on stackoverflow and other sites dealing with this problem.
- CollectionViewSource does not re-sort on property change
- #988 – Enabling Live Sorting in a CollectionViewSource
现在有一个可行的解决方案(从第二个链接中提取):启用"IsLiveSortingRequested"并添加一个"SortDescription"，其中包含用于排序的属性.
Now to a possible solution (extracted from the second link): Enable "IsLiveSortingRequested" and add a "SortDescription" containing the property being utilised for sorting.
<Window.Resources>
<CollectionViewSource x:Key="cvsDrivers" Source="{Binding DriversList}" IsLiveSortingRequested="True">
<CollectionViewSource.LiveSortingProperties>
<clr:String>BestLap</clr:String>
</CollectionViewSource.LiveSortingProperties>
<CollectionViewSource.SortDescriptions>
<scm:SortDescription PropertyName="BestLap" />
</CollectionViewSource.SortDescriptions>
</CollectionViewSource>
</Window.Resources>
这是一个使用正确的MVVM方法的(非常简单和基本的)工作示例:
Here is a (very simple and basic) working example using a proper MVVM approach:
模型(driver.cs):
Model (driver.cs):
public class Driver : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
private string name;
public string Name
{
get { return name; }
set
{
name = value;
OnPropertyChanged("Name");
}
}
private double bestLap;
public double BestLap
{
get { return bestLap; }
set
{
bestLap = value;
OnPropertyChanged("BestLap");
}
}
private int startNr;
public int StartNr
{
get { return startNr; }
set
{
startNr = value;
OnPropertyChanged("StartNr");
}
}
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
protected virtual void OnPropertyChanged([CallerMemberName] string propertyName = null)
{
PropertyChangedEventHandler handler = PropertyChanged;
if (handler != null) handler(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
}
}
ViewModel.cs:
The ViewModel.cs:
public class DriverViewModel
{
public ObservableCollection<Driver> DriverList { get; set; }
public DriverViewModel()
{
DriverList = new ObservableCollection<Driver>();
}
}
视图(MainWindow.xaml):
The View (MainWindow.xaml):
<Window.Resources>
<CollectionViewSource x:Key="CvsDriver"
Source="{Binding DriverList}"
IsLiveSortingRequested="True">
<CollectionViewSource.SortDescriptions>
<componentModel:SortDescription PropertyName="BestLap" Direction="Ascending" />
</CollectionViewSource.SortDescriptions>
</CollectionViewSource>
<Style x:Key="DriverListBoxItemContainerStyle" TargetType="{x:Type ListBoxItem}">
<Setter Property="Background" Value="Transparent"/>
<Setter Property="HorizontalContentAlignment" Value="{Binding HorizontalContentAlignment, RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType={x:Type ItemsControl}}}"/>
<Setter Property="VerticalContentAlignment" Value="{Binding VerticalContentAlignment, RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType={x:Type ItemsControl}}}"/>
<Setter Property="Padding" Value="2,0,0,0"/>
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type ListBoxItem}">
<Border x:Name="Bd" BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}" BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}" Background="{TemplateBinding Background}" Padding="{TemplateBinding Padding}" SnapsToDevicePixels="true">
<StackPanel Height="Auto" Orientation="Horizontal">
<TextBlock TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="{Binding BestLap, StringFormat=\{0:F2\}}"/>
<TextBlock TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="{Binding StartNr}" Margin="8,0,0,0"/>
<TextBlock TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="{Binding Name}" Margin="8,0,0,0"/>
</StackPanel>
</Border>
<ControlTemplate.Triggers>
<Trigger Property="IsSelected" Value="true">
<Setter Property="Background" TargetName="Bd" Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.HighlightBrushKey}}"/>
<Setter Property="Foreground" Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.HighlightTextBrushKey}}"/>
</Trigger>
<MultiTrigger>
<MultiTrigger.Conditions>
<Condition Property="IsSelected" Value="true"/>
<Condition Property="Selector.IsSelectionActive" Value="false"/>
</MultiTrigger.Conditions>
<Setter Property="Background" TargetName="Bd" Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.InactiveSelectionHighlightBrushKey}}"/>
<Setter Property="Foreground" Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.InactiveSelectionHighlightTextBrushKey}}"/>
</MultiTrigger>
<Trigger Property="IsEnabled" Value="false">
<Setter Property="Foreground" Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.GrayTextBrushKey}}"/>
</Trigger>
</ControlTemplate.Triggers>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
</Window.Resources>
<Grid>
<ListBox ItemsSource="{Binding Source={StaticResource CvsDriver}}"
ItemContainerStyle="{DynamicResource DriverListBoxItemContainerStyle}" />
</Grid>
最后是MainWindow.cs
And finally the MainWindow.cs
public partial class MainWindow : Window
{
private readonly DriverViewModel driverViewModel;
public MainWindow()
{
// Timer generating random BestLap double values from 1.0 to 4.0 every 5 seconds
DispatcherTimer randomlyUpdateDriverBestLapTimer = new DispatcherTimer();
randomlyUpdateDriverBestLapTimer.Interval = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5);
randomlyUpdateDriverBestLapTimer.Tick += RandomlyUpdateDriverBestLapTimerOnTick;
driverViewModel = new DriverViewModel();
Driver driver = new Driver { BestLap = 1.2, Name = "Meyer", StartNr = 1 };
driverViewModel.DriverList.Add(driver);
driver = new Driver { BestLap = 1.4, Name = "Sand", StartNr = 2 };
driverViewModel.DriverList.Add(driver);
driver = new Driver { BestLap = 1.5, Name = "Huntelaar", StartNr = 3 };
driverViewModel.DriverList.Add(driver);
this.DataContext = driverViewModel;
InitializeComponent();
randomlyUpdateDriverBestLapTimer.Start();
}
private void RandomlyUpdateDriverBestLapTimerOnTick(object sender, EventArgs eventArgs)
{
// Important to declare Random object not in the loop because it will generate the same random double for each driver
Random random = new Random();
foreach (var driver in driverViewModel.DriverList)
{
// Random double from 1.0 - 4.0 (Source code from https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1064901/random-number-between-2-double-numbers)
driver.BestLap = random.NextDouble() * (4.0 - 1.0) + 1.0;
}
}