如何在现有应用上实现Android 6.0运行时权限
问题描述：
我有一个想要在其上实现Android 6.0的运行时权限的应用程序.我已经在运行时权限上阅读了很多不同的文章，但是似乎无法将所有摘要都包裹在脑海中.我没有发现实际上显示了如何将其实现到现有的Activity中.
I have an existing app that I would like to implement Android 6.0's Runtime Permissions on. I have read a lot of different things on Runtime Permissions, but I just can't seem to wrap my head around all the different snippets. Nothing I have found actually shows how to implement this into an existing Activity.
当我运行针对SDK v23的现有应用程序时，出现了预期的权限错误，但是我得到的权限错误甚至不是我所请求的权限.我在清单文件中具有SEND_SMS权限，但是我遇到的错误是READ_SMS.我的应用程序在没有READ_SMS的6.0之前版本上可以正常运行.
When I run my existing application targeting SDK v23 I get the permission error as expected, but the permission error I get is not even a permission that I am requesting. I have the SEND_SMS permission in the Manifest file, but the error I am getting is for READ_SMS. My app runs fine on pre 6.0 without READ_SMS.
我希望我的应用在启动后立即寻求许可，因为该应用的唯一目的是发送SMS消息，因此没有该许可，该应用将没有其他用途.
I would like the my app to ask for permission as soon as the app is launched because the sole purpose of the app is the send an SMS message, so without that permission there is no other use for the app.
启动应用后，如何在现有的Activity中实现SEND_SMS的运行时权限?
How would I implement Runtime Permissions for SEND_SMS into my existing Activity as soon as the app is launched?
这些权限的处理是否需要在后台线程中运行?
Does the handling of these permission need to run in a background thread?
我是否还需要READ_SMS权限，因为那是它所给出的权限错误(即使该权限从未在我的应用程序上使用过)?
Do I also need permissions for READ_SMS since that is the permission error that it is giving (even though that permission has never been used on my app)?
public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener {
SimpleCursorAdapter mAdapter;
AutoCompleteTextView txtContract;
EditText txtTrip;
EditText txtDate;
Button btnSend;
Button btnUpdate;
String today;
String SENT = "SMS_SENT";
String DELIVERED = "SMS_DELIVERED";
private static final String API_KEY = "abcxyz";
private static final String CONTRACT_REGEX = "^([a-zA-Z0-9_-]){5}$";
private static final String TRIP_REGEX = "^([a-zA-Z0-9_-]){1,10}$";
private static final String DATE_REGEX = "^\\d{2}\\/\\d{2}\\/\\d{4}$";
private static final String PHONE_NUMBER = "1234567890";
private static final String DATE_FORMAT = "MM/dd/yyyy";
private BroadcastReceiver sendBroadcastReceiver;
private BroadcastReceiver deliveryBroadcastReceiver;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
// TODO - IMPLEMENT RUNTIME PERMISSIONS FOR ANDROID >= 6.0
try {
// Initialize Views
txtContract = (AutoCompleteTextView) findViewById(R.id.txtContract);
txtTrip = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.txtTrip);
txtDate = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.txtDate);
btnSend = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnSend);
btnUpdate = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnUpdate);
// Set Listeners
txtDate.setOnClickListener(this);
btnSend.setOnClickListener(this);
btnUpdate.setOnClickListener(this);
// Set Date To Today And Format
final Calendar td = Calendar.getInstance();
int tYear = td.get(Calendar.YEAR);
int tMonth = td.get(Calendar.MONTH);
int tDay = td.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(DATE_FORMAT, Locale.ENGLISH);
td.set(tYear, tMonth, tDay);
today = sdf.format(td.getTime());
txtDate.setText(today);
// Check If Device Is Capable Of Sending SMS
PackageManager pm = this.getPackageManager();
if (!pm.hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_TELEPHONY) &&
!pm.hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_TELEPHONY_CDMA)) {
Toast.makeText(this, "Sorry, your device probably can't send SMS...",
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
// Send Receiver
sendBroadcastReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
public void onReceive(Context arg0, Intent arg1) {
switch (getResultCode()) {
case Activity.RESULT_OK:
Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "Requesting trip...", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case SmsManager.RESULT_ERROR_GENERIC_FAILURE:
Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "Generic failure", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case SmsManager.RESULT_ERROR_NO_SERVICE:
Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "No service", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case SmsManager.RESULT_ERROR_NULL_PDU:
Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "Null PDU", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case SmsManager.RESULT_ERROR_RADIO_OFF:
Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "Radio off", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
}
}
};
// Delivery Receiver
deliveryBroadcastReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
public void onReceive(Context arg0, Intent arg1) {
switch (getResultCode()) {
case Activity.RESULT_OK:
Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "Trip request successful.", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case Activity.RESULT_CANCELED:
Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "Trip request failed.", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
}
}
};
// Register Receivers
registerReceiver(deliveryBroadcastReceiver, new IntentFilter(DELIVERED));
registerReceiver(sendBroadcastReceiver , new IntentFilter(SENT));
// Set Up Adapter For Autocomplete
initializeAutoCompleteAdapter();
}
catch (Exception ex) {
Toast.makeText(this, "Error in MainActivity.onCreate: " + ex.getMessage(),
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
unregisterReceiver(sendBroadcastReceiver);
unregisterReceiver(deliveryBroadcastReceiver);
super.onDestroy();
}
// Auto Complete Adapter
public void initializeAutoCompleteAdapter() {
// Set Database Handler
final DBHelper DBHelper = new DBHelper(getBaseContext());
// Set Up Adapter For Autocomplete (This does not run on the main UI thread)
mAdapter = new SimpleCursorAdapter(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, null,
new String[] { "contract" },
new int[] {android.R.id.text1},
0);
txtContract.setAdapter(mAdapter);
mAdapter.setCursorToStringConverter(new SimpleCursorAdapter.CursorToStringConverter() {
@Override
public CharSequence convertToString(Cursor cursor) {
final int colIndex = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow("contract");
return cursor.getString(colIndex);
}
});
mAdapter.setFilterQueryProvider(new FilterQueryProvider() {
@Override
public Cursor runQuery(CharSequence description) {
String strContract = txtContract.getText().toString();
return DBHelper.getContract(strContract);
}
});
}
// OnClickListener Handler
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// Handle Clicked View
switch (v.getId()) {
// Date Field
case R.id.txtDate:
// Get Current Date
final Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance();
c.set(c.get(Calendar.YEAR),c.get(Calendar.MONTH),c.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH),0,0,0);
int mYear = c.get(Calendar.YEAR);
int mMonth = c.get(Calendar.MONTH);
int mDay = c.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);
// Set Up DatePicker Dialog
DatePickerDialog datePickerDialog = new DatePickerDialog(this,
new DatePickerDialog.OnDateSetListener() {
@Override
public void onDateSet(DatePicker view, int year, int month, int day) {
// Define A New Calendar For Formatting
final Calendar cf = Calendar.getInstance();
// Format Selected Date
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(DATE_FORMAT, Locale.ENGLISH);
cf.set(year,month,day);
String selectedDate = sdf.format(cf.getTime());
// Add Selected Date To EditText Field
txtDate.setText(selectedDate);
}
}, mYear, mMonth, mDay);
// Set Max Date
c.add(Calendar.DATE, 2);
c.add(Calendar.SECOND, -1);
datePickerDialog.getDatePicker().setMaxDate(c.getTimeInMillis());
// Set Min Date
c.add(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH,-5);
c.add(Calendar.SECOND, 1);
datePickerDialog.getDatePicker().setMinDate(c.getTimeInMillis());
// Display DatePicker
datePickerDialog.show();
break;
// Submit Button
case R.id.btnSend:
Boolean rval = true;
if (!Validation.isValid(txtContract, CONTRACT_REGEX, "Invalid Contract #", true)) rval = false;
if (!Validation.isValid(txtTrip, TRIP_REGEX, "Invalid Trip #", true)) rval = false;
if (!Validation.isValid(txtDate, DATE_REGEX, "Invalid Date", true)) rval = false;
if(rval) {
new ValidateAndSend(this).execute();
}
break;
// Update Contract DB
case R.id.btnUpdate:
TelephonyManager tMgr = (TelephonyManager)this.getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
String mPhoneNumber = tMgr.getLine1Number();
new POSTAsync(this).execute(API_KEY, mPhoneNumber);
break;
}
}
// Validate And Send
class ValidateAndSend extends AsyncTask<String, String, Boolean>{
private final WeakReference<MainActivity> MainActivityWeakRef;
public ValidateAndSend(MainActivity mainActivity) {
super();
this.MainActivityWeakRef = new WeakReference<>(mainActivity);
}
// Define Variables
String strContract = txtContract.getText().toString();
String strTrip = txtTrip.getText().toString();
String strDate = txtDate.getText().toString();
String strMessage = strContract.concat("|").concat(strTrip).concat("|").concat(strDate);
Boolean rval = true;
@Override
protected void onPreExecute() {
}
@Override
protected Boolean doInBackground(String... contract) {
DBHelper DBHelper = new DBHelper(MainActivity.this);
if (DBHelper.validateContract(strContract) < 1) rval = false;
return rval;
}
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(Boolean rval){
if(rval){
// Hide Keyboard
View view = MainActivity.this.getCurrentFocus();
if(view != null){
InputMethodManager imm = (InputMethodManager) getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE);
imm.hideSoftInputFromWindow(view.getWindowToken(), 0);
}
if (MainActivityWeakRef.get() != null && !MainActivityWeakRef.get().isFinishing()) {
// Confirm Details
AlertDialog.Builder alert = new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this);
alert.setTitle("Confirm Trip");
alert.setMessage("CONTRACT: " + strContract + "\nTRIP: " + strTrip + "\nDATE: " + strDate);
alert.setPositiveButton("Ok", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int whichButton) {
// Send SMS
sendSMS(PHONE_NUMBER, strMessage);
// Clear Fields
txtContract.setText("");
txtTrip.setText("");
txtDate.setText(today);
}
});
alert.setNegativeButton("Cancel", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int whichButton) {
// Cancelled
}
});
// Show Alert
alert.show();
}
}
else{
txtContract.setError("Invalid contract #");
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "You may need to update contracts.",
Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
}
}
// Send SMS
private void sendSMS(String phoneNumber, String message) {
String SENT = "SMS_SENT";
String DELIVERED = "SMS_DELIVERED";
PendingIntent sentPI = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this, 0, new Intent(SENT), 0);
PendingIntent deliveredPI = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this, 0, new Intent(DELIVERED), 0);
SmsManager sms = SmsManager.getDefault();
sms.sendTextMessage(phoneNumber, null, message, sentPI, deliveredPI);
}
}
答
Android 6.0的运行时权限模型主要分为部分
The runtime permission model for Android 6.0 is mainly divided into part
1.检查权限
2.申请权限
您可以在活动中为此事情创建两个方法，如下所示
you can create two method for this thing in your activity, As follow
检查权限
private boolean checkPermission(){
int result = ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.READ_SMS);
if (result == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
请求权限
private void requestPermission(){
if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(activity,Manifest.permission.READ_SMS)){
Toast.makeText(context,"Read Sms Allowed.",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
} else {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(activity,new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_SMS},PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE);
}
}
最后但并非最不重要的一点是，您需要覆盖 onRequestPermissionsResult 方法
Last but not least you need to override the onRequestPermissionsResult method
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String permissions[], int[] grantResults) {
switch (requestCode) {
case PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE:
if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
Snackbar.make(view,"Permission Granted, Now you can access SMS.",Snackbar.LENGTH_LONG).show();
} else {
Snackbar.make(view,"Permission Denied, You cannot access SMS.",Snackbar.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
break;
}
}
按照您的要求我是否需要在线程中运行它.答案是否定的只需在主线程中运行
as you asked do i need to run this in thread .. answer is No Just do this in main thread