编码 8 位操作数大小?是否有类似 16 位的前缀?

问题描述:

在指令编码中默认大小为:

In instruction encoding Default sizes are:

operand size is 32 bit
address size is 64 bit 

我们可以使用旧前缀:

0x66 – Operand-size override prefix

使操作数大小为 16.如果我想使其为 8 位而不是 16 位怎么办?

to make operand size 16. What if I want to make it 8 bits not 16?

如果我想把它变成 8 位而不是 16 位怎么办?

What if I want to make it 8 bits not 16?

你不能用前缀来做到这一点.支持 8 位操作数大小的指令使用完全独立的操作码,而不是覆盖前缀.

You can't do this with prefixes. Instructions that support an 8-bit operand size do so with an entirely separate opcode, not with an override prefix.

例如:

   0:   01 d9                   addl    %ebx,%ecx
   2:   66 01 d9                addw    %bx,%cx
   5:   00 d9                   addb    %bl,%cl

32位add是操作码01,其中一个mod/rm字节为d9.16 位加法是相同的,但带有 66 操作数大小前缀.然而,8 位加法是操作码 00.

The 32-bit add is opcode 01, with a mod/rm byte of d9. The 16-bit add is identical but with the 66 operand size prefix. However the 8-bit add is opcode 00 instead.

对此的解释是历史性的.16 位 8086 CPU 支持 8 位和 16 位操作数,并为两者使用单独的操作码:00 用于 addb01对于 addw.(这仍然是您在实模式下运行现代芯片时得到的结果,例如在引导扇区中.)32 位 80386 希望添加 32 位操作数,同时仍支持 8 和 16,但没有空间如此多的操作码,因此对于 32 位保护模式,他们将所有以前的 16 位指令改为 32 位,并且可以覆盖以返回到 16 位,并且他们单独留下了 8 位指令.(在实模式下,操作数大小覆盖具有相反的效果:01addw66 01addl.)

The explanation for this is historical. The 16-bit 8086 CPU supported 8-bit and 16-bit operands, and used separate opcodes for the two: 00 for addb and 01 for addw. (This is still what you get when you run a modern chip in real mode, like in a boot sector.) The 32-bit 80386 wanted to add 32-bit operands while still supporting both 8 and 16, but there was no room for so many more opcodes, so for 32-bit protected mode they made all the formerly 16-bit instructions act as 32-bit instead, with an override available to go back to 16 bit, and they left the 8-bit instructions alone. (In real mode the operand size override has the opposite effect: 01 is addw and 66 01 is addl.)