JavaScript读二进制文件并用ajax传输二进制流
综合网上多个教程，加上自己实践得出的方法，目前能够兼容谷歌、IE11、IE10。
htmlbody里的内容，没什么特殊的。
1 <div id="dConfirm"> 2 <p style="float: left;margin-left: 20px;margin-top: 20px"> 3 <form action="javascript: uploadAndSubmit();" name="demoForm" id="demoForm" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data"> 4 <p>上传文件: <input type="file" name="file" id="str_file"/></p> 5 <p><input type="submit" value="上传" /></p> 6 </form> 7 </p> 8 </div>
读取二进制文件：
1 function uploadAndSubmit() 2 { 3 filename=document.getElementById("str_file").value; 4 var form = document.forms["demoForm"]; 5 if(filename!="") 6 { 7 try 8 { 9 var obj = new ActiveXObject("ADODB.Stream");//这个必然是IE 10 } 11 catch(e) 12 { 13 var file = form["file"].files[0]; 14 var reader = new FileReader(); 15 reader.readAsBinaryString(file);//这个读法是异步的 16 17 reader.onloadend=function() 18 { 19 // 这个事件在读取结束后，无论成功或者失败都会触发 20 if (reader.error) { 21 console.log(reader.error); 22 } else { 23 uploadAndSubmit2(reader.result); 24 } 25 } 26 return; 27 } 28 var bf1=new BinaryFile(filename);//这个读法是同步的 29 uploadAndSubmit2(bf1.ReadAll()); 30 } 31 }
这里要对浏览器类型做一下判断，如果不是IE则使用FileReader进行读取，如果是IE则使用activex控件读取。这里有一个坑，虽然IE11和IE10不支持FileReader对象的方法，但IE11和IE10的“typeof FileReader”并不是“undefined”，难以直接通过是否支持FileReader来区分浏览器。还要注意的是FileReader方法是异步读文件，activex是同步读文件，我一直没想明白这两条路线怎样封装在一个方法里，不知大家有没有好办法。
其中BinaryFile对象的构造方法摘自http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/17825/Reading-and-Writing-Binary-Files-Using-JScript?msg=3718403#xx3718403xx技术博客，在博客的回复中有一个改进方法据说效率更高，但因为没有看懂，所以选用了原始方法。
原始方法很长：
1 //使用ADODB.Stream控件时要注意ISO-8859-1和Windows-1252字符集之间的转换 2 function BinaryFile(name) 3 { 4 var adTypeBinary = 1 5 var adTypeText = 2 6 var adSaveCreateOverWrite = 2 7 // The trick - this is the 'old fassioned' not translation page 8 // It lest javascript use strings to act like raw octets 9 var codePage='437'; 10 11 this.path=name; 12 13 var forward = new Array(); 14 var backward = new Array(); 15 16 // Note - for better performance I should preconvert these hex 17 // definitions to decimal - at some point :-) - AJT 18 forward['80'] = '00C7'; 19 forward['81'] = '00FC'; 20 forward['82'] = '00E9'; 21 forward['83'] = '00E2'; 22 forward['84'] = '00E4'; 23 forward['85'] = '00E0'; 24 forward['86'] = '00E5'; 25 forward['87'] = '00E7'; 26 forward['88'] = '00EA'; 27 forward['89'] = '00EB'; 28 forward['8A'] = '00E8'; 29 forward['8B'] = '00EF'; 30 forward['8C'] = '00EE'; 31 forward['8D'] = '00EC'; 32 forward['8E'] = '00C4'; 33 forward['8F'] = '00C5'; 34 forward['90'] = '00C9'; 35 forward['91'] = '00E6'; 36 forward['92'] = '00C6'; 37 forward['93'] = '00F4'; 38 forward['94'] = '00F6'; 39 forward['95'] = '00F2'; 40 forward['96'] = '00FB'; 41 forward['97'] = '00F9'; 42 forward['98'] = '00FF'; 43 forward['99'] = '00D6'; 44 forward['9A'] = '00DC'; 45 forward['9B'] = '00A2'; 46 forward['9C'] = '00A3'; 47 forward['9D'] = '00A5'; 48 forward['9E'] = '20A7'; 49 forward['9F'] = '0192'; 50 forward['A0'] = '00E1'; 51 forward['A1'] = '00ED'; 52 forward['A2'] = '00F3'; 53 forward['A3'] = '00FA'; 54 forward['A4'] = '00F1'; 55 forward['A5'] = '00D1'; 56 forward['A6'] = '00AA'; 57 forward['A7'] = '00BA'; 58 forward['A8'] = '00BF'; 59 forward['A9'] = '2310'; 60 forward['AA'] = '00AC'; 61 forward['AB'] = '00BD'; 62 forward['AC'] = '00BC'; 63 forward['AD'] = '00A1'; 64 forward['AE'] = '00AB'; 65 forward['AF'] = '00BB'; 66 forward['B0'] = '2591'; 67 forward['B1'] = '2592'; 68 forward['B2'] = '2593'; 69 forward['B3'] = '2502'; 70 forward['B4'] = '2524'; 71 forward['B5'] = '2561'; 72 forward['B6'] = '2562'; 73 forward['B7'] = '2556'; 74 forward['B8'] = '2555'; 75 forward['B9'] = '2563'; 76 forward['BA'] = '2551'; 77 forward['BB'] = '2557'; 78 forward['BC'] = '255D'; 79 forward['BD'] = '255C'; 80 forward['BE'] = '255B'; 81 forward['BF'] = '2510'; 82 forward['C0'] = '2514'; 83 forward['C1'] = '2534'; 84 forward['C2'] = '252C'; 85 forward['C3'] = '251C'; 86 forward['C4'] = '2500'; 87 forward['C5'] = '253C'; 88 forward['C6'] = '255E'; 89 forward['C7'] = '255F'; 90 forward['C8'] = '255A'; 91 forward['C9'] = '2554'; 92 forward['CA'] = '2569'; 93 forward['CB'] = '2566'; 94 forward['CC'] = '2560'; 95 forward['CD'] = '2550'; 96 forward['CE'] = '256C'; 97 forward['CF'] = '2567'; 98 forward['D0'] = '2568'; 99 forward['D1'] = '2564'; 100 forward['D2'] = '2565'; 101 forward['D3'] = '2559'; 102 forward['D4'] = '2558'; 103 forward['D5'] = '2552'; 104 forward['D6'] = '2553'; 105 forward['D7'] = '256B'; 106 forward['D8'] = '256A'; 107 forward['D9'] = '2518'; 108 forward['DA'] = '250C'; 109 forward['DB'] = '2588'; 110 forward['DC'] = '2584'; 111 forward['DD'] = '258C'; 112 forward['DE'] = '2590'; 113 forward['DF'] = '2580'; 114 forward['E0'] = '03B1'; 115 forward['E1'] = '00DF'; 116 forward['E2'] = '0393'; 117 forward['E3'] = '03C0'; 118 forward['E4'] = '03A3'; 119 forward['E5'] = '03C3'; 120 forward['E6'] = '00B5'; 121 forward['E7'] = '03C4'; 122 forward['E8'] = '03A6'; 123 forward['E9'] = '0398'; 124 forward['EA'] = '03A9'; 125 forward['EB'] = '03B4'; 126 forward['EC'] = '221E'; 127 forward['ED'] = '03C6'; 128 forward['EE'] = '03B5'; 129 forward['EF'] = '2229'; 130 forward['F0'] = '2261'; 131 forward['F1'] = '00B1'; 132 forward['F2'] = '2265'; 133 forward['F3'] = '2264'; 134 forward['F4'] = '2320'; 135 forward['F5'] = '2321'; 136 forward['F6'] = '00F7'; 137 forward['F7'] = '2248'; 138 forward['F8'] = '00B0'; 139 forward['F9'] = '2219'; 140 forward['FA'] = '00B7'; 141 forward['FB'] = '221A'; 142 forward['FC'] = '207F'; 143 forward['FD'] = '00B2'; 144 forward['FE'] = '25A0'; 145 forward['FF'] = '00A0'; 146 backward['C7'] = '80'; 147 backward['FC'] = '81'; 148 backward['E9'] = '82'; 149 backward['E2'] = '83'; 150 backward['E4'] = '84'; 151 backward['E0'] = '85'; 152 backward['E5'] = '86'; 153 backward['E7'] = '87'; 154 backward['EA'] = '88'; 155 backward['EB'] = '89'; 156 backward['E8'] = '8A'; 157 backward['EF'] = '8B'; 158 backward['EE'] = '8C'; 159 backward['EC'] = '8D'; 160 backward['C4'] = '8E'; 161 backward['C5'] = '8F'; 162 backward['C9'] = '90'; 163 backward['E6'] = '91'; 164 backward['C6'] = '92'; 165 backward['F4'] = '93'; 166 backward['F6'] = '94'; 167 backward['F2'] = '95'; 168 backward['FB'] = '96'; 169 backward['F9'] = '97'; 170 backward['FF'] = '98'; 171 backward['D6'] = '99'; 172 backward['DC'] = '9A'; 173 backward['A2'] = '9B'; 174 backward['A3'] = '9C'; 175 backward['A5'] = '9D'; 176 backward['20A7'] = '9E'; 177 backward['192'] = '9F'; 178 backward['E1'] = 'A0'; 179 backward['ED'] = 'A1'; 180 backward['F3'] = 'A2'; 181 backward['FA'] = 'A3'; 182 backward['F1'] = 'A4'; 183 backward['D1'] = 'A5'; 184 backward['AA'] = 'A6'; 185 backward['BA'] = 'A7'; 186 backward['BF'] = 'A8'; 187 backward['2310'] = 'A9'; 188 backward['AC'] = 'AA'; 189 backward['BD'] = 'AB'; 190 backward['BC'] = 'AC'; 191 backward['A1'] = 'AD'; 192 backward['AB'] = 'AE'; 193 backward['BB'] = 'AF'; 194 backward['2591'] = 'B0'; 195 backward['2592'] = 'B1'; 196 backward['2593'] = 'B2'; 197 backward['2502'] = 'B3'; 198 backward['2524'] = 'B4'; 199 backward['2561'] = 'B5'; 200 backward['2562'] = 'B6'; 201 backward['2556'] = 'B7'; 202 backward['2555'] = 'B8'; 203 backward['2563'] = 'B9'; 204 backward['2551'] = 'BA'; 205 backward['2557'] = 'BB'; 206 backward['255D'] = 'BC'; 207 backward['255C'] = 'BD'; 208 backward['255B'] = 'BE'; 209 backward['2510'] = 'BF'; 210 backward['2514'] = 'C0'; 211 backward['2534'] = 'C1'; 212 backward['252C'] = 'C2'; 213 backward['251C'] = 'C3'; 214 backward['2500'] = 'C4'; 215 backward['253C'] = 'C5'; 216 backward['255E'] = 'C6'; 217 backward['255F'] = 'C7'; 218 backward['255A'] = 'C8'; 219 backward['2554'] = 'C9'; 220 backward['2569'] = 'CA'; 221 backward['2566'] = 'CB'; 222 backward['2560'] = 'CC'; 223 backward['2550'] = 'CD'; 224 backward['256C'] = 'CE'; 225 backward['2567'] = 'CF'; 226 backward['2568'] = 'D0'; 227 backward['2564'] = 'D1'; 228 backward['2565'] = 'D2'; 229 backward['2559'] = 'D3'; 230 backward['2558'] = 'D4'; 231 backward['2552'] = 'D5'; 232 backward['2553'] = 'D6'; 233 backward['256B'] = 'D7'; 234 backward['256A'] = 'D8'; 235 backward['2518'] = 'D9'; 236 backward['250C'] = 'DA'; 237 backward['2588'] = 'DB'; 238 backward['2584'] = 'DC'; 239 backward['258C'] = 'DD'; 240 backward['2590'] = 'DE'; 241 backward['2580'] = 'DF'; 242 backward['3B1'] = 'E0'; 243 backward['DF'] = 'E1'; 244 backward['393'] = 'E2'; 245 backward['3C0'] = 'E3'; 246 backward['3A3'] = 'E4'; 247 backward['3C3'] = 'E5'; 248 backward['B5'] = 'E6'; 249 backward['3C4'] = 'E7'; 250 backward['3A6'] = 'E8'; 251 backward['398'] = 'E9'; 252 backward['3A9'] = 'EA'; 253 backward['3B4'] = 'EB'; 254 backward['221E'] = 'EC'; 255 backward['3C6'] = 'ED'; 256 backward['3B5'] = 'EE'; 257 backward['2229'] = 'EF'; 258 backward['2261'] = 'F0'; 259 backward['B1'] = 'F1'; 260 backward['2265'] = 'F2'; 261 backward['2264'] = 'F3'; 262 backward['2320'] = 'F4'; 263 backward['2321'] = 'F5'; 264 backward['F7'] = 'F6'; 265 backward['2248'] = 'F7'; 266 backward['B0'] = 'F8'; 267 backward['2219'] = 'F9'; 268 backward['B7'] = 'FA'; 269 backward['221A'] = 'FB'; 270 backward['207F'] = 'FC'; 271 backward['B2'] = 'FD'; 272 backward['25A0'] = 'FE'; 273 backward['A0'] = 'FF'; 274 275 var hD="0123456789ABCDEF"; 276 this.d2h = function(d) 277 { 278 var h = hD.substr(d&15,1); 279 while(d>15) {d>>=4;h=hD.substr(d&15,1)+h;} 280 return h; 281 } 282 283 this.h2d = function(h) 284 { 285 return parseInt(h,16); 286 } 287 288 this.WriteAll = function(what) 289 { 290 //Create Stream object 291 //var BinaryStream = WScript.CreateObject("ADODB.Stream"); 292 var BinaryStream = new ActiveXObject("ADODB.Stream"); 293 //Specify stream type - we cheat and get string but 'like' binary 294 BinaryStream.Type = adTypeText; 295 BinaryStream.CharSet = '437'; 296 //Open the stream 297 BinaryStream.Open(); 298 // Write to the stream 299 BinaryStream.WriteText(this.Forward437(what)); 300 // Write the string to the disk 301 BinaryStream.SaveToFile(this.path, adSaveCreateOverWrite); 302 303 // Clearn up 304 BinaryStream.Close(); 305 } 306 307 this.ReadAll = function() 308 { 309 //Create Stream object - needs ADO 2.5 or heigher 310 //var BinaryStream = WScript.CreateObject("ADODB.Stream") 311 var BinaryStream = new ActiveXObject("ADODB.Stream"); 312 //Specify stream type - we cheat and get string but 'like' binary 313 BinaryStream.Type = adTypeText; 314 BinaryStream.CharSet = codePage; 315 //Open the stream 316 BinaryStream.Open(); 317 //Load the file data from disk To stream object 318 BinaryStream.LoadFromFile(this.path); 319 //Open the stream And get binary 'string' from the object 320 var what = BinaryStream.ReadText; 321 // Clean up 322 BinaryStream.Close(); 323 return this.Backward437(what); 324 } 325 326 /* Convert a octet number to a code page 437 char code */ 327 this.Forward437 = function(inString) 328 { 329 var encArray = new Array(); 330 var tmp=''; 331 var i=0; 332 var c=0; 333 var l=inString.length; 334 var cc; 335 var h; 336 for(;i<l;++i) 337 { 338 c++; 339 if(c==128) 340 { 341 encArray.push(tmp); 342 tmp=''; 343 c=0; 344 } 345 cc=inString.charCodeAt(i); 346 if(cc<128) 347 { 348 tmp+=String.fromCharCode(cc); 349 } 350 else 351 { 352 h=this.d2h(cc); 353 h=forward[''+h]; 354 tmp+=String.fromCharCode(this.h2d(h)); 355 } 356 } 357 if(tmp!='') 358 { 359 encArray.push(tmp); 360 } 361 362 // this loop progressive concatonates the 363 // array elements entil there is only one 364 var ar2=new Array(); 365 for(;encArray.length>1;) 366 { 367 var l=encArray.length; 368 for(var c=0;c<l;c+=2) 369 { 370 if(c+1==l) 371 { 372 ar2.push(encArray[c]); 373 } 374 else 375 { 376 ar2.push(''+encArray[c]+encArray[c+1]); 377 } 378 } 379 encArray=ar2; 380 ar2=new Array(); 381 } 382 return encArray[0]; 383 } 384 /* Convert a code page 437 char code to a octet number*/ 385 this.Backward437 = function(inString) 386 { 387 var encArray = new Array(); 388 var tmp=''; 389 var i=0; 390 var c=0; 391 var l=inString.length; 392 var cc; 393 var h; 394 for(;i<l;++i) 395 { 396 c++; 397 if(c==128) 398 { 399 encArray.push(tmp); 400 tmp=''; 401 c=0; 402 } 403 cc=inString.charCodeAt(i); 404 if(cc<128) 405 { 406 tmp+=String.fromCharCode(cc); 407 } 408 else 409 { 410 h=this.d2h(cc); 411 h=backward[''+h]; 412 tmp+=String.fromCharCode(this.h2d(h)); 413 } 414 } 415 if(tmp!='') 416 { 417 encArray.push(tmp); 418 } 419 420 // this loop progressive concatonates the 421 // array elements entil there is only one 422 var ar2=new Array(); 423 for(;encArray.length>1;) 424 { 425 var l=encArray.length; 426 for(var c=0;c<l;c+=2) 427 { 428 if(c+1==l) 429 { 430 ar2.push(encArray[c]); 431 } 432 else 433 { 434 ar2.push(''+encArray[c]+encArray[c+1]); 435 } 436 } 437 encArray=ar2; 438 ar2=new Array(); 439 } 440 return encArray[0]; 441 } 442 }