关于 bash 中的基本命令(cp、cd、..)

问题描述：

我正在尝试学习终端中的基本命令.我有几个简单的问题.我知道要创建一个文件并将其放置在特定文件夹中，需要创建目录，然后使用 touch 创建一个空文件并通过 mv 将其放置在那里:

I am trying to learn basic commands in the terminal. I have a couple of quick questions. I know that to make a file and place it in a specific folder, one needs to create the directory and then use touch to create an empty file and place it there by mv:

mkdir folder/sub

touch file.txt

mv file.txt folder/sub

我们能否以某种方式将这些东西链接在一起并使用 touch 创建一个文件并将其放在特定目录中的一行中?

Could we somehow chain these things together and use touch to create a file and place it in a specific directory in just one line?

然后如果我在一个子目录中，为了从那里(比如:文件夹/子)回到我的家，这三个命令中的任何一个都可以工作(cd，cd -, cd ..) 我不确定我是否明白这三者之间的差异.我知道 cd .. 会让你往回走一步，但其他两个似乎完全一样.

and then if I am in a sub-directory, in order to get back from there (say: folder/sub) to my home, either of these three commands would work (cd, cd -, cd ..) I am not sure I get the differences among the three. I get that cd .. takes you back one step up but the other two seem to work exactly the same.

假设我的主目录中已经有一个名为 file.txt 的文本文件.如果我在 shell 中编写它，它会覆盖现有文件:

and let's say I have already a text file in my home directory named file.txt. If I write this in shell it overrides that existing file:

cp folder/sub/file.txt ~/

如果我想保留这两个文件，我该怎么做?

How would I go about this if I wanted to keep both files?

答

您可以将任何文件夹中的相对或绝对路径传递给 and 命令，包括touch(尽管文件夹必须存在):
- You can pass a relative or absolute path in any folder to and command, including touch (although the folder must exist):
```
touch folder/sub.file.txt
```
- cd - 切换到您上次所在的文件夹(如返回"按钮)
- cd - switches to the folder you were last in (like a "Back" button)
  
  . 表示当前目录
  
  .. 表示父目录

关于 bash 中的基本命令(cp、cd、..)

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